【摘要】：湖南,在近代史上是一個(gè)特別的省份,甲午中日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以后,它從一個(gè)內(nèi)陸封閉的省份迅速發(fā)展成為全國(guó)變法改革的表率,其變化幅度之大,令人驚嘆。湖南“丕變”的原因是多樣的,人才是其中的重要因素,而江標(biāo)又是其中的重要人物。 江標(biāo)光緒二十年八月一日至光緒二十三年八月一日任湖南學(xué)政,是清末時(shí)期湖南維新變法運(yùn)動(dòng)的重要倡導(dǎo)者和參與者。他將當(dāng)時(shí)先進(jìn)的實(shí)學(xué)、西學(xué)文化帶入封閉的湖南,推動(dòng)了湖南維新運(yùn)動(dòng)在經(jīng)濟(jì)、教育、政治等多方面的發(fā)展,吸引了梁?jiǎn)⒊�、譚嗣同等同道,培養(yǎng)了唐才常、易鼐、楊毓麟、譚延閻等人才,促成了湖南從“以守舊閉化名天下”到“風(fēng)氣之開(kāi),幾為各行省冠”的轉(zhuǎn)變�？梢哉f(shuō),江標(biāo)是改變湖南學(xué)風(fēng),進(jìn)而改變湖南在近代史上地位的重要人物。 本文重在分析江標(biāo)與實(shí)學(xué)、西學(xué)的淵源,以及其自身學(xué)術(shù)理念、政治理想對(duì)湖南產(chǎn)生的影響。 通過(guò)有關(guān)資料,筆者試圖勾勒出江標(biāo)的人生軌跡。江標(biāo)出生在較早接觸西方文化的江蘇的一個(gè)士大夫家庭,自小打下了良好的學(xué)術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。他少有大志,受實(shí)學(xué)風(fēng)氣影響,廣泛接觸西方文化,在晚清內(nèi)憂外患的時(shí)代背景下,系心時(shí)變,志在救亡圖存。在甲午戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的大背景下,江標(biāo)作為湖南學(xué)政,在湖南這個(gè)“惡談西學(xué)獨(dú)烈”的省份致力于教育改革,使得湖南風(fēng)氣大開(kāi),成為成為全國(guó)“最富朝氣的一省”,功勞頗大。 江標(biāo)出生在江蘇,求學(xué)于上海,游歷湖北、山東、廣東三地、深造于北京,游學(xué)過(guò)日本,深受家學(xué)、師教、不同地域文化、實(shí)學(xué)思潮、公羊?qū)W思潮、西方新學(xué)、當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)環(huán)境等因素的影響,然后作為文化大使將這些文化帶到湖南,使封閉自守的湖南在這些異域文化的作用下發(fā)生巨大的改變,其在近代史上的地位和意義可想而知。 本文以時(shí)間和江標(biāo)的成長(zhǎng)順序?yàn)榫�索,上編分析江標(biāo)在擔(dān)任湖南學(xué)政之前曾受到過(guò)何人、何種思想的影響,其學(xué)術(shù)淵源為何；下編研究江標(biāo)在湖南進(jìn)行新政的思想基礎(chǔ)與現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ),以及其具體改革舉措,并對(duì)其成就作出評(píng)價(jià)。全文重點(diǎn)在于以江標(biāo)為個(gè)例,強(qiáng)調(diào)晚清時(shí)各種文化間的相互吸收、融合、傳播、異變,以及這種文化間的相互作用對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)政治的影響。
[Abstract]:Hunan is a special province in modern history. After the Sino-Japanese War, it developed rapidly from an inland closed province to a national model of reform. Hunan's reasons for "Pi change" are various, among which talent is an important factor, and Jiangbiao is an important figure among them. Jiang Biao Guang Xu, who served as an important advocate and participant in Hunan Reform Movement during the late Qing Dynasty, served as Hunan School of Politics from August 1 to August 23, from August 1 to August 23. He brought advanced practical and western learning and culture to the closed Hunan, promoted the economic, educational and political development of Hunan's reform movement, attracted Liang Qichao and Tan Sitong, and cultivated Tang Caichang, Yi Nai, Yang Yulin, etc. Tan Yan and other talents have made Hunan change from "keeping the old and closing the world under the name" to "the opening of the atmosphere, several for the provincial crown." It can be said that Jiangbiao is an important figure who changes the style of study in Hunan and the status of Hunan in modern history. This paper focuses on the analysis of the origin of Jiangbiao and practical studies, the origin of western studies, its own academic ideas, and the influence of political ideals on Hunan. Through the relevant information, the author tries to outline the life track of the river. Jiang was born in an early contact with western culture in Jiangsu, a literati-official family, from childhood laid a good academic foundation. He had little ambition, was influenced by practical study, and had extensive contact with western culture. Under the background of internal and external troubles in the late Qing Dynasty, his mind was time-varying and he was determined to save the nation from death. Against the background of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, Jiangbiao, as a political science of Hunan, devoted itself to educational reform in Hunan, a province that "abhors the discussion of western learning alone", making Hunan popular and becoming the "most vigorous province" in the country, with great merit and effort. Jiang was born in Jiangsu, studied in Shanghai, traveled to three places, Hubei, Shandong and Guangdong, studied in Beijing and studied in Japan. He was deeply influenced by family studies, teachers' education, different regional cultures, practical thoughts, scientific trends of thought in ram's studies, and new western studies. The influence of social environment and other factors at that time, then as a cultural ambassador to bring these cultures to Hunan, so that the closed and self-defense of Hunan under the role of these foreign cultures have a huge change, its status and significance in modern history can be imagined. Based on the clue of time and the sequence of Jiang's development, this paper analyzes who Jiang Biao was influenced by, what kind of thoughts, and what its academic origin was before he served as Hunan academic politics. The following part studies the ideological and practical basis of Jiang Biao's New deal in Hunan, and its concrete reform measures, and evaluates its achievements. Taking Jiangbiao as an example, this paper emphasizes the mutual absorption, fusion, communication, variation and the influence of the interaction of different cultures on the real politics in the late Qing Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K256.9

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