【摘要】：京漢鐵路是晚清政府為圖自強、實現(xiàn)近代化而興筑的一條縱貫?zāi)媳钡拇蟾删�。甲午戰(zhàn)后,清政府已充分認(rèn)識到鐵路對于國家軍事、經(jīng)濟的重要性。在經(jīng)歷了十九世紀(jì)七、八十年代有關(guān)鐵路問題的論爭后,對日戰(zhàn)爭的慘敗已讓國人認(rèn)識到鐵路對于國家近代化具有不可忽視的作用,京漢鐵路即在此時應(yīng)運修筑。清末有系統(tǒng)地修筑鐵路由此而始。 京漢鐵路的修建開晚清大規(guī)模筑路之先河,成為日后鐵路修筑借款模式之嚆矢。京漢鐵路的經(jīng)營狀況在晚清時期較為良好,成為除京奉鐵路外另一條利潤豐厚的鐵路,其線路維護、路員管理等方面也日臻完善。京漢路在晚清的成功運營在一定程度上降低了清政府借債筑路的利權(quán)喪失程度,給沿線經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展變遷注入了新的活力。雖然京漢鐵路并沒有實現(xiàn)清政府富國強民的愿望,其經(jīng)營也存在著一些問題,但是京漢鐵路的運營方法、經(jīng)營理念對于當(dāng)時鐵路經(jīng)營仍具有積極意義,其中一些珍貴的啟示也值得借鑒于今。 本文主要探討甲午戰(zhàn)后清政府主動興修的第一條縱貫?zāi)媳钡拇箬F路——京漢鐵路的早期經(jīng)營業(yè)務(wù)(1895-1912年)。試圖在鋪陳晚清鐵路發(fā)展的軌跡后,分析該路在營業(yè)收支、路務(wù)管理等方面的運營情況。反思甲午戰(zhàn)后,國勢日衰的背景下,京漢鐵路在對于清末社會近代化進程發(fā)揮了怎樣的作用。
[Abstract]:The Beijing-Han Railway is a trunk line running north and south in late Qing Dynasty, which aims to strengthen itself and realize modernization. After the war of 1894, the Qing government fully realized the importance of railway to the national military and economy. After the controversy about railway in the 1870s and 1980s, the tragic defeat of the war against Japan has made the people realize that the railway plays an important role in the modernization of the country, and the Beijing-Han railway should be built at this time. The systematic construction of railways began in the late Qing Dynasty. The construction of Beijing-Han Railway was the first to build a large-scale road in the late Qing Dynasty, which became the loan mode of railway construction in the future. The operating condition of the Beijing-Han Railway was better in the late Qing Dynasty, and it became another profitable railway in addition to the Beijing-Bong Railway, and its line maintenance, road staff management and so on were also becoming more and more perfect. The successful operation of Jinghan Road in the late Qing Dynasty reduced to a certain extent the loss of the interest and right of the Qing government to borrow and build the road, and injected new vitality into the economic and social development and vicissitude along the route. Although the Beijing-Han Railway did not realize the Qing government's desire to become rich and strong, and there were still some problems in its operation, the operation method and management concept of the Beijing-Han Railway were still of positive significance to the railway operation at that time. Some of these valuable revelations are also worth learning from today. This paper mainly discusses the early operation of the Beijing-Han Railway, the first major railway that was built by the Qing government in the period of 1895 to 1912. After laying out the track of railway development in late Qing Dynasty, this paper analyzes the operating situation of the road in the aspects of revenue and expenditure, road management and so on. Reflecting on the background of the decline of state power after the war of Jiawu, Beijing-Han Railway played a role in the process of modernization of society in the late Qing Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：F532.9;K252

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