民國時期上�？偵虝唐逢惲兴芯�
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-18 14:40
【摘要】：商品陳列是伴隨著近代資本主義和世界貿(mào)易發(fā)展而提出的一個新興概念,商品種類的繁多和工業(yè)的專門化發(fā)展,使得分類陳列成為一種必須,各區(qū)域和各個國家的貨物聚集在一起,按照某種能夠促進(jìn)商家比較和人們觀賞的方式進(jìn)行陳列。清廷自甲午海戰(zhàn)后,迫于國內(nèi)外壓力,自上而下進(jìn)行了各項新政改革,商品陳列所在商部的支持與各省督撫的協(xié)辦下如火如荼地大力興辦起來,上海商務(wù)總會作為一個民間機(jī)構(gòu),在1905年提出了建立商品陳列所作為其附屬機(jī)構(gòu),但由于上海總商會經(jīng)費短絀和人員繁冗拖沓,上�？偵虝唐逢惲兴�1921年建成后,經(jīng)歷了三個階段。第一階段為1921年到1937年上海淪陷,在此階段,商品陳列所人員積極奔走呼號,為近代上海以至中國商業(yè)的發(fā)展做出了一些成就,通過舉辦各種富有特色的綜合和專門展覽會來促進(jìn)當(dāng)時人們對優(yōu)良國貨的認(rèn)識以及通過比較改良國貨,擴(kuò)大市場份額；通過在商品陳列所內(nèi)部建立售品部和國貨商場,溝通商家和顧客,為二者提供了一個選擇的平臺,陳列所內(nèi)部機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置的多元化也促進(jìn)了國貨的銷售,在服務(wù)于國內(nèi)商家和顧客的同時,外商也通過商品陳列所了解中國市場,問詢并且選購中國優(yōu)良國貨,上海總商會還與外商展開了民間外交,促進(jìn)了貿(mào)易的發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)文化的交流；對國貨標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題的討論與實踐,更加明晰了何為國貨,商品陳列所嚴(yán)格把關(guān)國貨證明書的發(fā)放,使得很多充斥市場的偽國貨露出了真面目,一些商人為了謀取更多利潤,把洋貨進(jìn)行一些偽裝當(dāng)國貨賣,自從國民政府厘清國貨標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后,商品陳列所被授權(quán)發(fā)放國貨證明書。第二階段為上海被日軍占領(lǐng),上�？偵虝唐逢惲兴蝗哲姃呤�,很多設(shè)施毀壞。第三階段為商品陳列所重新啟動時期,啟動工作也是一項繁瑣持續(xù)推進(jìn)的工作,陳列所新老員工付出了很多精力和時間,抗戰(zhàn)期間和抗戰(zhàn)勝利之后,國民黨各大日報和一些商家占據(jù)了商品陳列所各樓層,這些工作步履維艱,無異于重新建立,是一項浩繁的工程。 通過對商品陳列所的研究,可以窺見近代中國商業(yè)發(fā)展運(yùn)作模式、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會變遷和人們心理轉(zhuǎn)變的種種細(xì)節(jié)。國貨與洋貨的競爭,促進(jìn)了近代中國民族企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新發(fā)展,一些優(yōu)秀的國貨品牌地位至今還在消費者的心中巋然不動,有了洋貨的外部競爭,加之內(nèi)部本身的大膽嘗試新發(fā)明和新科技,都促進(jìn)了近代民族資本主義的發(fā)展。當(dāng)時人們對國貨的認(rèn)知以及崇洋媚外心理對商品陳列所人員也是一項極大的挑戰(zhàn),人們對參展的有關(guān)生理模型的羞愧以至覺得傷風(fēng)敗俗。扭轉(zhuǎn)人們這些觀念需要更優(yōu)質(zhì)的國貨出現(xiàn),而這個目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)在近代中國是多么的困難,習(xí)慣、風(fēng)俗和固化的心理一旦形成,就很難在短時間內(nèi)做出改變,是商品陳列所通過一次次的舉辦展覽會,還有國貨商場的開辦,都在無形當(dāng)中改變著人們的心理。
[Abstract]:Commodity display is a new concept put forward along with the development of modern capitalism and world trade. The variety of goods and the specialized development of industry make the classified display a necessity. Goods from different regions and countries gather together and display in a way that promotes comparison and viewing. After the Sino-Japanese naval war, the Qing government, under pressure from home and abroad, carried out various New deal reforms from top to bottom. With the support of the Ministry of Commerce, where the goods were displayed, and with the help of provincial governors, the Qing government set up a vigorous effort to do so in full swing. The Shanghai Chamber of Commerce, as a non-governmental organization, proposed the establishment of a commodity display house as its subsidiary organization in 1905. However, due to the shortage of funds and heavy personnel of the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce, the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce's commodity display was established in 1921. It went through three stages. The first stage was the fall of Shanghai from 1921 to 1937. In this stage, the staff of the commodity display office actively went about calling for the development of modern Shanghai and even Chinese commerce. Through the organization of various distinctive comprehensive and specialized exhibitions to promote people's understanding of good domestic goods at that time and to expand market share through comparative improvement of domestic goods, and through the establishment of sales departments and domestic stores within commodity display houses, Communicating with merchants and customers provides a platform for the two to choose. The diversity of institutional settings within the display offices also promotes the sale of domestic goods. While serving domestic businesses and customers, foreign businessmen also understand the Chinese market through commodity displays. The Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce has also launched folk diplomacy with foreign businessmen to promote the development of trade and economic and cultural exchanges. The discussion and practice on the standard of domestic goods have made it more clear what is a domestic product. The issuance of certificates of domestic goods strictly guarded by the commodity display offices has made many fake domestic goods flooded with the market reveal their true colors. In order to make more profits, some businessmen sell foreign goods in disguise as domestic goods. Since the National Government clarified the standards of domestic goods, commodity display offices have been authorized to issue certificates of domestic goods. The second stage was the Japanese occupation of Shanghai, the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce merchandise display was swept up by the Japanese army, many facilities were destroyed. The third stage is the period of restarting the commodity display, and the start-up work is also a tedious and continuous work. The new and old staff of the display office have spent a lot of energy and time during and after the War of Resistance against Japan. KMT daily newspapers and some merchants occupied the floors of the display houses, and the work was a huge undertaking, no less than a re-establishment. Through the research of the commodity display house, we can see all kinds of details of modern China's commercial development mode, economic and social change and people's psychological change. The competition between domestic goods and foreign goods has promoted the innovation and development of Chinese national enterprises in modern times. Some outstanding brand status of domestic goods is still standing still in the minds of consumers, and there is external competition for foreign goods. In addition, the internal bold attempt, new inventions and new technologies have promoted the development of modern national capitalism. At that time, people's cognition of domestic goods and adoration of foreign countries were also a great challenge to the staff of the display office. People were so ashamed of the relevant physiological models of the exhibitors that they felt bad about the customs. Reversing these ideas requires the emergence of better domestic products, and how difficult it is to achieve this goal in modern China. Once habits, customs, and solidified psychology are formed, it is difficult to make changes in a short period of time. It is the display of goods through the holding of exhibitions, as well as the opening of domestic shopping malls, in the invisible changes in people's psychology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K258
本文編號：2279435
[Abstract]:Commodity display is a new concept put forward along with the development of modern capitalism and world trade. The variety of goods and the specialized development of industry make the classified display a necessity. Goods from different regions and countries gather together and display in a way that promotes comparison and viewing. After the Sino-Japanese naval war, the Qing government, under pressure from home and abroad, carried out various New deal reforms from top to bottom. With the support of the Ministry of Commerce, where the goods were displayed, and with the help of provincial governors, the Qing government set up a vigorous effort to do so in full swing. The Shanghai Chamber of Commerce, as a non-governmental organization, proposed the establishment of a commodity display house as its subsidiary organization in 1905. However, due to the shortage of funds and heavy personnel of the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce, the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce's commodity display was established in 1921. It went through three stages. The first stage was the fall of Shanghai from 1921 to 1937. In this stage, the staff of the commodity display office actively went about calling for the development of modern Shanghai and even Chinese commerce. Through the organization of various distinctive comprehensive and specialized exhibitions to promote people's understanding of good domestic goods at that time and to expand market share through comparative improvement of domestic goods, and through the establishment of sales departments and domestic stores within commodity display houses, Communicating with merchants and customers provides a platform for the two to choose. The diversity of institutional settings within the display offices also promotes the sale of domestic goods. While serving domestic businesses and customers, foreign businessmen also understand the Chinese market through commodity displays. The Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce has also launched folk diplomacy with foreign businessmen to promote the development of trade and economic and cultural exchanges. The discussion and practice on the standard of domestic goods have made it more clear what is a domestic product. The issuance of certificates of domestic goods strictly guarded by the commodity display offices has made many fake domestic goods flooded with the market reveal their true colors. In order to make more profits, some businessmen sell foreign goods in disguise as domestic goods. Since the National Government clarified the standards of domestic goods, commodity display offices have been authorized to issue certificates of domestic goods. The second stage was the Japanese occupation of Shanghai, the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce merchandise display was swept up by the Japanese army, many facilities were destroyed. The third stage is the period of restarting the commodity display, and the start-up work is also a tedious and continuous work. The new and old staff of the display office have spent a lot of energy and time during and after the War of Resistance against Japan. KMT daily newspapers and some merchants occupied the floors of the display houses, and the work was a huge undertaking, no less than a re-establishment. Through the research of the commodity display house, we can see all kinds of details of modern China's commercial development mode, economic and social change and people's psychological change. The competition between domestic goods and foreign goods has promoted the innovation and development of Chinese national enterprises in modern times. Some outstanding brand status of domestic goods is still standing still in the minds of consumers, and there is external competition for foreign goods. In addition, the internal bold attempt, new inventions and new technologies have promoted the development of modern national capitalism. At that time, people's cognition of domestic goods and adoration of foreign countries were also a great challenge to the staff of the display office. People were so ashamed of the relevant physiological models of the exhibitors that they felt bad about the customs. Reversing these ideas requires the emergence of better domestic products, and how difficult it is to achieve this goal in modern China. Once habits, customs, and solidified psychology are formed, it is difficult to make changes in a short period of time. It is the display of goods through the holding of exhibitions, as well as the opening of domestic shopping malls, in the invisible changes in people's psychology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K258
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