中美煙酒借款及其社會輿論（1916~1921）
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-12 12:42
【摘要】：北京政府時期，煙酒業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，煙酒稅上升為民初國家第三大稅收。借貸度日的北京政府，在關(guān)稅、鹽稅抵押殆盡后，目光轉(zhuǎn)向稅收新晉——煙酒稅。此外，自袁世凱政府以來，北京政府對外借貸僅限于銀行團(tuán)成員國家。北京政府為了實現(xiàn)借款渠道多元化，努力向銀行團(tuán)外的國家承借貸款。養(yǎng)精蓄銳多時的美國，積極謀求對華經(jīng)濟(jì)借貸。中美雙方利益點不謀而合，，中美煙酒借款順勢而生。 發(fā)生于北京政府時期的中美煙酒借款，主要有三次，分別是1916、1919、1921年三次商議借款活動。圍繞這三次中美煙酒借款，國內(nèi)外不同利益集團(tuán)表示了不同的立場和態(tài)度。中國國內(nèi)民眾以全國煙酒聯(lián)合會為中心，向中美雙方政要聲明立場、嚴(yán)正抗議，其中中國民眾的社會輿論，與中央政府政策之間的互動關(guān)系，尤為突出。隨著抵款經(jīng)驗的累積，中國民眾的抗議規(guī)模、方式、效應(yīng)等均發(fā)生了明顯變化。
[Abstract]:During the period of Beijing government, the tobacco and wine industry developed rapidly, and the tax on tobacco and wine increased to the third largest tax in the early Republic of China. Beijing's borrowing government turned to new taxes-tobacco and alcohol-after tariffs and salt taxes ran out. Moreover, since Yuan Shikai's administration, Beijing's foreign lending has been limited to member countries. The Beijing government is trying to diversify its borrowing channels by lending to countries outside the banking syndicate. For a long time, the United States actively sought economic lending to China. The interests of China and the United States coincided with each other, and Chinese and American tobacco and wine loans came into being. There were mainly three times of Chinese and American tobacco and alcohol borrowing in Beijing government period, 1916 ~ 1919 and 1921 respectively. Around these three times, different interest groups at home and abroad have expressed different positions and attitudes. Focusing on the National Tobacco and Liquor Federation, the Chinese people declared their position to the Chinese and American dignitaries. Yan Zheng protested that the interaction between the Chinese people's public opinion and the central government's policies was particularly prominent. With the accumulation of credit experience, the scale, manner and effect of Chinese people's protests have changed significantly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K261;F426.8;F812.9;F817.12
本文編號：2266150
[Abstract]:During the period of Beijing government, the tobacco and wine industry developed rapidly, and the tax on tobacco and wine increased to the third largest tax in the early Republic of China. Beijing's borrowing government turned to new taxes-tobacco and alcohol-after tariffs and salt taxes ran out. Moreover, since Yuan Shikai's administration, Beijing's foreign lending has been limited to member countries. The Beijing government is trying to diversify its borrowing channels by lending to countries outside the banking syndicate. For a long time, the United States actively sought economic lending to China. The interests of China and the United States coincided with each other, and Chinese and American tobacco and wine loans came into being. There were mainly three times of Chinese and American tobacco and alcohol borrowing in Beijing government period, 1916 ~ 1919 and 1921 respectively. Around these three times, different interest groups at home and abroad have expressed different positions and attitudes. Focusing on the National Tobacco and Liquor Federation, the Chinese people declared their position to the Chinese and American dignitaries. Yan Zheng protested that the interaction between the Chinese people's public opinion and the central government's policies was particularly prominent. With the accumulation of credit experience, the scale, manner and effect of Chinese people's protests have changed significantly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K261;F426.8;F812.9;F817.12
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本文編號：2266150
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