抗戰(zhàn)時期中國“農(nóng)民節(jié)”研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-09 15:06
【摘要】：農(nóng)民節(jié),率先在四川省設立,隨后于1941年12月由國民政府正式訂為全國性節(jié)日,并規(guī)定了具體的農(nóng)民節(jié)紀念辦法。農(nóng)民節(jié)的舉辦日期存在諸多爭議,國民政府也幾經(jīng)變更,最終決定于立春日舉行,取其“一年之計在于春”之意,隨后意識到各省的具體情況不同,作出了依據(jù)自身實際狀況進行調(diào)整的規(guī)定,具有一定的靈活性。國民政府設立農(nóng)民節(jié),既是本黨農(nóng)業(yè)相關宗旨的體現(xiàn),又是基于解決抗戰(zhàn)相持時期面臨糧食危機和動員農(nóng)民階級力量的考量,更是古代重農(nóng)風俗的延續(xù)。為了擴大節(jié)日的影響力,國民政府特意安排人員深入農(nóng)村進行宣傳工作,并開展具體的展覽、比賽、娛樂、游藝活動等。農(nóng)民節(jié)設立之后,農(nóng)民階級表現(xiàn)出一定的熱情,然而,受到當時客觀環(huán)境、國民政府政治推動和農(nóng)民自身局限性的影響,農(nóng)民對其了解并不深入,農(nóng)民節(jié)沒有成為全民的節(jié)日;政府人員重視此節(jié)日,重要機關的負責人親自主持參觀大會,并就農(nóng)村境況,紛紛發(fā)表看法,試圖挽救農(nóng)民和農(nóng)村。隨著抗戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束,農(nóng)民節(jié)成為他們宣揚國民政府之合法性,打擊共產(chǎn)黨的工具;農(nóng)業(yè)工作人員投以極大的熱情,在各大報刊上發(fā)表文章社論,圍繞如何發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)會組織存在問題、農(nóng)民節(jié)與其他方面的關系等方面展開討論,積極探索原因,試圖尋找解決辦法。除國民政府外,基督教組織、農(nóng)民黨、日偽政權、德國等其他力量也作出設立農(nóng)民節(jié)的嘗試。延安革命根據(jù)地雖然沒有,卻在努力解決農(nóng)民關心的土地問題。從各方對農(nóng)民節(jié)的態(tài)度和這一時期糧食總產(chǎn)量增加的具體數(shù)據(jù)中,可以看出,農(nóng)民階級地位之重要,農(nóng)民問題自始至終是關系國家發(fā)展的重要問題。
[Abstract]:The Farmers' Festival was first set up in Sichuan Province and then officially designated as a national holiday by the National Government in December 1941. There were many controversies about the date of the Farmers' Festival, and the National Government changed several times, and finally decided to hold it on the Beginning of Spring's Day, taking the meaning that "spring is the way of the year", and then realized that the specific conditions of the provinces were different. Made according to their own actual conditions to adjust the provisions, have a certain degree of flexibility. The establishment of the Farmers Festival by the National Government is not only the embodiment of the Party's agriculture-related purposes, but also the consideration of solving the grain crisis and mobilizing the peasant class in the period of the War of Resistance against Japan, as well as the continuation of the ancient custom of attaching importance to agriculture. In order to expand the influence of the festival, the National Government specially arranged personnel to go to the countryside to carry out propaganda work, and to carry out specific exhibitions, competitions, entertainment, recreational activities and so on. After the farmers' festival was established, the peasant class showed certain enthusiasm. However, due to the influence of the objective environment, the political push of the national government and the limitations of the peasants themselves, the farmers did not understand the festival deeply, and the festival did not become a national holiday. Government officials attached importance to the festival, leading officials of key agencies personally presided over the conference, and expressed views on the situation in the countryside, trying to save farmers and rural areas. With the end of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Farmers' Day became a tool for them to preach the legitimacy of the national government and to crack down on the Communist Party. With great enthusiasm, agricultural workers published articles and editorials in major newspapers and periodicals, focusing on how to develop agriculture. The problems in the organization of peasant associations, the relationship between farmers' festival and other aspects are discussed in order to explore the causes and seek solutions. In addition to the national government, Christian organizations, the Peasant Democratic Party, the Japanese puppet regime, Germany and other forces also tried to set up the Farmers Day. Although there are no revolutionary base areas in Yan'an, they are trying to solve the land problem that the peasants are concerned about. From the attitudes of all parties to the Farmers' Festival and the specific data of the increase of total grain output in this period, it can be seen that the status of the peasant class is very important, and the peasant problem is an important issue related to the development of the country from the beginning to the end.
【學位授予單位】：河南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K265
本文編號：2259784
[Abstract]:The Farmers' Festival was first set up in Sichuan Province and then officially designated as a national holiday by the National Government in December 1941. There were many controversies about the date of the Farmers' Festival, and the National Government changed several times, and finally decided to hold it on the Beginning of Spring's Day, taking the meaning that "spring is the way of the year", and then realized that the specific conditions of the provinces were different. Made according to their own actual conditions to adjust the provisions, have a certain degree of flexibility. The establishment of the Farmers Festival by the National Government is not only the embodiment of the Party's agriculture-related purposes, but also the consideration of solving the grain crisis and mobilizing the peasant class in the period of the War of Resistance against Japan, as well as the continuation of the ancient custom of attaching importance to agriculture. In order to expand the influence of the festival, the National Government specially arranged personnel to go to the countryside to carry out propaganda work, and to carry out specific exhibitions, competitions, entertainment, recreational activities and so on. After the farmers' festival was established, the peasant class showed certain enthusiasm. However, due to the influence of the objective environment, the political push of the national government and the limitations of the peasants themselves, the farmers did not understand the festival deeply, and the festival did not become a national holiday. Government officials attached importance to the festival, leading officials of key agencies personally presided over the conference, and expressed views on the situation in the countryside, trying to save farmers and rural areas. With the end of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Farmers' Day became a tool for them to preach the legitimacy of the national government and to crack down on the Communist Party. With great enthusiasm, agricultural workers published articles and editorials in major newspapers and periodicals, focusing on how to develop agriculture. The problems in the organization of peasant associations, the relationship between farmers' festival and other aspects are discussed in order to explore the causes and seek solutions. In addition to the national government, Christian organizations, the Peasant Democratic Party, the Japanese puppet regime, Germany and other forces also tried to set up the Farmers Day. Although there are no revolutionary base areas in Yan'an, they are trying to solve the land problem that the peasants are concerned about. From the attitudes of all parties to the Farmers' Festival and the specific data of the increase of total grain output in this period, it can be seen that the status of the peasant class is very important, and the peasant problem is an important issue related to the development of the country from the beginning to the end.
【學位授予單位】：河南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K265
【參考文獻】
相關期刊論文 前7條
1 李小東;;近代中國“農(nóng)民節(jié)”的淵源與創(chuàng)建[J];內(nèi)蒙古大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2016年02期
2 陳雷;石上校;;抗戰(zhàn)時期國統(tǒng)區(qū)糧價上漲原因研究[J];宜賓學院學報;2014年09期
3 王叢叢;;表彰與規(guī)訓:南京國民政府時期的農(nóng)民節(jié)[J];甘肅社會科學;2013年01期
4 陳惠惠;;國民黨對社會時間的利用與制作——民國農(nóng)民節(jié)研究[J];江西師范大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2009年06期
5 鄭寧;;首屆農(nóng)民節(jié)在寧夏[J];才智;2009年28期
6 王蓉;;抗戰(zhàn)時期湖北省的農(nóng)民節(jié)紀念活動——南京國民政府鄉(xiāng)村建設目標的一個視角[J];社科縱橫;2006年10期
7 石攀峰;;抗戰(zhàn)時期的農(nóng)民節(jié)——以四川為例[J];和田師范�？茖W校學報;2006年05期
相關重要報紙文章 前1條
1 沈建華;陳兵;曹竹聿;;建議設立“中國農(nóng)民節(jié)”[N];農(nóng)民日報;2007年
相關碩士學位論文 前3條
1 徐新博;節(jié)日的教育功能[D];山東師范大學;2014年
2 陳新征;抗戰(zhàn)時期國統(tǒng)區(qū)糧食供給研究[D];湘潭大學;2009年
3 陳丹丹;抗戰(zhàn)時期國民政府糧食征收述論[D];湘潭大學;2009年
，本文編號：2259784
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/shekelunwen/zgjxds/2259784.html
