【摘要】：武漢地區(qū)地處湖北東南部,江漢平原腹地,長江和漢江的交匯處,有“九省通衢”的美譽,也是民國時期全國第二大城市,但特殊的地理氣候條件加上宋朝以來對長江上游地區(qū)的開墾與破壞,造成了水患災(zāi)害日益加劇,民國時期水患更加頻繁,成為當(dāng)?shù)刈钪饕淖匀粸?zāi)害。其中二十世紀(jì)三十年代長江流域的兩次洪水,水勢大,持續(xù)時間長,波及面廣,其中湖北成為災(zāi)害的中心,特別是武漢地區(qū)受災(zāi)最為嚴(yán)重,給當(dāng)?shù)貛砹司薮蟮膿p失。水災(zāi)發(fā)生后,無論是政府還是民間團體,都采取了積極的救災(zāi)于賑濟措施。在此期間,以報刊為代表的近代輿論媒體的出現(xiàn),為救災(zāi)活動注入了新的力量,不僅在水患的報道與宣傳上,還在辦理賑濟、建言獻(xiàn)策、輿論監(jiān)督等方面扮演了重要的角色。論文通過對《大公報》、《申報》、《民國日報》、《東方雜志》、《湖北水災(zāi)日刊》、《武漢日報》等報刊雜志為代表的輿論媒體對二十世紀(jì)30年代武漢地區(qū)水患的災(zāi)情和各界救災(zāi)、賑災(zāi)活動的報道、評論為基礎(chǔ)的分析,從而更深入地了解當(dāng)時水患及各界應(yīng)對的情況,為當(dāng)今水患的防治與賑濟提供借鑒。本文主要分為三章。第一章主要介紹了湖北地區(qū)水患的歷史和二十世紀(jì)30年代湖北地區(qū)水患的基本情況,分析了湖北地區(qū)水患日劇的原因及早期的荒政思想。第二章通過各報刊雜志對二十世紀(jì)30年代水患的報道,分析出民國時期各界對災(zāi)害的應(yīng)對。第三章通過報刊雜志對當(dāng)時災(zāi)害的評論性文章對當(dāng)時的救災(zāi)于賑濟活動中暴露出的問題進(jìn)行反思,推動救災(zāi)體制的進(jìn)一步完善。
[Abstract]:Wuhan is located in the southeast of Hubei, the hinterland of Jianghan Plain, the junction of the Yangtze River and the Hanjiang River, and is known as the "thoroughfare of nine provinces." it was also the second largest city in the country during the period of the Republic of China. However, the special geographical and climatic conditions and the reclamation and destruction of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River since the Song Dynasty resulted in the worsening of flood disasters, and the flood disasters became more frequent in the period of the Republic of China, and became the most important natural disasters in the region. In the 1930s, two floods in the Yangtze River basin had a large water potential, a long duration and a wide spread. Hubei became the center of the disaster, especially in Wuhan, which brought huge losses to the local area. After the flood, both the government and civil society took active relief measures. During this period, the emergence of modern media, represented by newspapers and periodicals, injected new strength into disaster relief activities, and played an important role not only in the reporting and propaganda of flood disasters, but also in the aspects of relief, advice and supervision by public opinion. The paper through the "Ta Kung Pao", "declaration", "Republic of China Daily", "Oriental magazine", "Hubei Flood Journal", "Wuhan Daily" and other newspapers and magazines as the representative of the media to the disaster situation and disaster relief in Wuhan in the 1930s. The report of disaster relief activities, the analysis based on comments, so as to better understand the situation of flood and the response of all walks of life at that time, and provide a reference for the prevention and relief of flood disasters today. This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the history of the flood in Hubei and the basic situation of the flood in Hubei in the 1930s, and analyzes the reason of the Japanese drama of the flood in Hubei and the thought of famine in the early period. The second chapter analyzes the disaster response in the period of the Republic of China through the reports of various newspapers and magazines on the flood in the 1930s. The third chapter reflects on the problems exposed in the disaster relief activities through the critical articles of the disaster at that time, and promotes the further improvement of the disaster relief system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K26

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