日本“南進政策”原因探析
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-13 06:50
【摘要】：“南進政策”是明治維新后日本逐漸形成的一種對外擴張政策,其形成發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了一個較長的時期�！澳线M政策”作為日本對外擴張核心思想之一,對日本近代以來的外交以及戰(zhàn)略決策起到了重大影響。一戰(zhàn)期間,由于歐美列強忙于歐戰(zhàn)無暇東顧,日本乘機迅速擴張在東亞的勢力,成為英美等國在遠東及太平洋地區(qū)的競爭對手。一戰(zhàn)后,世界秩序逐漸恢復(fù),東亞及太平洋地區(qū)再次成為列強關(guān)注的重要地區(qū)。此時日本的國力雖有明顯提高,但相對于英美等國還有明顯差距。因此在英美等國的壓力下日本最終放棄了部分利益,以緩和與英美的緊張局面。進入20世紀(jì)30年代,國際形勢再度發(fā)生重大變化,德國、日本、意大利等國相繼建立起法西斯政權(quán)。日本和德國作為東西兩個重要的法西斯國家為了自己的世界霸業(yè),開始瘋狂擴張。其中值得我們注意的是,日本并沒有如英美等國所預(yù)料的那樣選擇“北進”、與德國一起包夾蘇聯(lián)。即便在德國軍隊進逼莫斯科城下的時候,日本還是放棄了“北進”而專事南方。這一戰(zhàn)略選擇對第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的進程和格局產(chǎn)生了重大的影響,可見研究此期間日本由“北進”向“南進”轉(zhuǎn)變的原因具有重要價值。 “南進政策”一直是學(xué)術(shù)界長期以來關(guān)注的焦點問題之一,對于日本“北進政策”向“南進政策”轉(zhuǎn)變的研究成果也較為豐富。但是這些研究成果或限于篇幅或限于主旨,并沒有全面的描述出這一時期日本發(fā)生政策變化的過程及要因,往往造成讀者理解的片面化。有鑒于此,筆者擬從南北對比、中國戰(zhàn)場、日蘇碰撞、日本與歐美主要國家關(guān)系等四個方面,對造成日本最終選擇“南進”政策進行系統(tǒng)研究。 本研究較多地采用了比較研究法,兼用文獻閱讀法與歸納法等,對1936—1941年間日本對外擴張政策的轉(zhuǎn)變進行了梳理與分析,最終用史實說明了日本選擇“南進政策”的原因有根本原因、直接原因與間接原因等。
[Abstract]:After Meiji Restoration, Japan gradually formed a kind of foreign expansion policy, and its formation and development experienced a long period. As one of the core ideas of Japan's foreign expansion, the "southward advance policy" has played a significant role in Japan's diplomacy and strategic decision since modern times. During the first World War, because the European and American powers were busy with the European war, Japan took the opportunity to expand its power in East Asia and became a competitor of the United States and the United States in the far East and the Pacific. After World War I, the world order was gradually restored, and East Asia and the Pacific region once again became an important region concerned by the powers. At this time, although Japan's national strength has significantly improved, but compared with the United States and other countries there is a clear gap. So under pressure from countries such as the US and the UK, Japan finally gave up some of its interests to ease tensions with the UK and the US. In the 1930s, the international situation again changed, Germany, Japan, Italy and other countries have established fascist regimes. Japan and Germany as two important fascist countries, for their own world hegemony, began to expand madly. It is worth noting that Japan did not choose to move northward with Germany, as countries such as the United States and the United States had expected. Even as the German army moved under Moscow, Japan gave up "north" and concentrated on the south. This strategic choice has had a great impact on the process and pattern of World War II, so it is of great value to study the reasons for Japan's transition from "northward" to "southward" during this period. "the policy of southward advance" has been one of the focal issues that the academic circles have paid close attention to for a long time, and the research results on the transformation of Japan's "northward policy" to "southward policy" are also relatively rich. However, these research results are limited to space or purport, and do not describe the process and reasons of policy change in Japan during this period, which often result in the one-sided understanding of the readers. In view of this, the author intends to make a systematic study on the policy of "advancing southward" in Japan's final choice from four aspects: the contrast between North and South, the battlefield of China, the collision between Japan and the Soviet Union, and the relations between Japan and the major countries of Europe and the United States. This study mainly adopts the comparative research method and the literature reading method and inductive method to sort out and analyze the transformation of Japan's foreign expansion policy from 1936 to 1941. Finally, the paper explains the basic reasons, direct reasons and indirect reasons of Japan's choice of "southward advance policy" with historical facts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K265
本文編號：2240400
[Abstract]:After Meiji Restoration, Japan gradually formed a kind of foreign expansion policy, and its formation and development experienced a long period. As one of the core ideas of Japan's foreign expansion, the "southward advance policy" has played a significant role in Japan's diplomacy and strategic decision since modern times. During the first World War, because the European and American powers were busy with the European war, Japan took the opportunity to expand its power in East Asia and became a competitor of the United States and the United States in the far East and the Pacific. After World War I, the world order was gradually restored, and East Asia and the Pacific region once again became an important region concerned by the powers. At this time, although Japan's national strength has significantly improved, but compared with the United States and other countries there is a clear gap. So under pressure from countries such as the US and the UK, Japan finally gave up some of its interests to ease tensions with the UK and the US. In the 1930s, the international situation again changed, Germany, Japan, Italy and other countries have established fascist regimes. Japan and Germany as two important fascist countries, for their own world hegemony, began to expand madly. It is worth noting that Japan did not choose to move northward with Germany, as countries such as the United States and the United States had expected. Even as the German army moved under Moscow, Japan gave up "north" and concentrated on the south. This strategic choice has had a great impact on the process and pattern of World War II, so it is of great value to study the reasons for Japan's transition from "northward" to "southward" during this period. "the policy of southward advance" has been one of the focal issues that the academic circles have paid close attention to for a long time, and the research results on the transformation of Japan's "northward policy" to "southward policy" are also relatively rich. However, these research results are limited to space or purport, and do not describe the process and reasons of policy change in Japan during this period, which often result in the one-sided understanding of the readers. In view of this, the author intends to make a systematic study on the policy of "advancing southward" in Japan's final choice from four aspects: the contrast between North and South, the battlefield of China, the collision between Japan and the Soviet Union, and the relations between Japan and the major countries of Europe and the United States. This study mainly adopts the comparative research method and the literature reading method and inductive method to sort out and analyze the transformation of Japan's foreign expansion policy from 1936 to 1941. Finally, the paper explains the basic reasons, direct reasons and indirect reasons of Japan's choice of "southward advance policy" with historical facts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K265
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