本文選題：瑞金 + 沙洲壩　； 參考：《江西財經大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：建國初期,中國共產黨在老解放區(qū)完成土改的基礎上,進而在擁有2.6億多農民的新解放區(qū)進行了規(guī)模宏大的土地改革運動,本文研究選擇的江西瑞金沙洲壩村,正是這次大規(guī)模開展土改運動中的千千萬萬個村莊之一。 瑞金沙洲壩村,位于瑞金西北郊,是一個典型的農業(yè)地區(qū)和村莊。這個村莊在1930年就經歷過一次土地革命。那時,該村還是當年贛閩邊區(qū)蘇維埃革命的中心和蘇維埃中央政府的所在地,因此這次以平分土地為主要內容的第一次土地改革進行得十分徹底與激烈,曾經給予沙洲壩農民的政治、經濟思想巨大的沖擊。時隔20年,共產黨人推動的土地改革再次在沙洲壩重新實施,使該村土改個案的研究具有全國大部分地區(qū)所不同的特點。然而,目前史學界在全國各地雖有眾多關于鄉(xiāng)村土改個案的研究,卻對該村土改的研究至今尚未涉及；同時,有關土改的研究評論,也有較大的分歧,表現為全盤肯定說與重新評價土地租佃與土地平分政策兩大方面。所以,沙洲壩土改問題的研究,具有它特殊意義,學術價值與現實意義。 本文以選題論證開篇,共由研究選題、沙洲村土改前土地占有狀況、土改準備、沙洲壩土改全過程和沙洲村土改的影響與結語六部分構成： 第一章：緒論,主要闡述選題緣起、土地改革的研究現狀、研究方法以及資料來源。 第二章：考察土改前沙洲壩的地權分配、租佃關系、雇傭關系、借貸關系。從這幾個方面分析土改前沙洲壩的社會經濟關系。沙洲壩土改前地主富農占有土地的47.82%,中貧雇農占有49.89%,地權相對分散且租佃關系存在于各階層之間,地富雖然占有大部分土地,但并不采取集中經營的方式,而是將土地分散出租,收取租金。沙洲壩的土地使用權絕大部分在農民手中,自耕農占三分之二左右。由于沙洲壩人多地少,租佃關系發(fā)達使當地雇傭率偏低。 第三章：闡述了沙洲壩土改前的準備。首先,瑞金縣展開了清匪反霸運動,經過半年時間基本清除潛伏在瑞金各地的匪特。隨后便展開減租和征糧運動,減租是啟發(fā)廣大農民階級覺悟的一個好方式,沙洲壩在減租同時開始秋征,盡管秋征工作組對公糧征收的隨意性使得一些農民怨聲載道,但是由地租轉化為公糧,客觀上還是使大部分農民獲利,為即將到來的土改奠定了基礎。 第四章：闡述沙洲壩土改整個過程。沙洲壩土改經歷了發(fā)動群眾、劃分階級、沒收和分配土地,復查這幾個階段。 第五章：考察經過土改后沙洲壩村出現的變化。沙洲壩土改后農民分得一份土地,生產情緒有所提高,農業(yè)收入在土改后有所提高,然而在社會總財富一致且少的情況下,通過大致平分土地達到富裕希望渺茫。沙洲壩的土改使得各個階層土地從土改前使用土地相近轉變成占有相近,實現各階層土地占有和使用平均化,并沒有產生巨大的變化。受到土改的影響農民不敢發(fā)家致富,導致沙洲壩出現了中農化現象。 結語部分對沙洲壩土改進行大致梳理,并對土改后出現的問題進行了闡述。認為通過土改大致平分土地的方式提高生產力,促進農業(yè)發(fā)展行不通,而土改前的租佃制度符合社會的發(fā)展,并未阻礙生產。
[Abstract]:In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, on the basis of the completion of soil reform in old Jiefang District, the Communist Party of China has carried out a large scale land reform movement in the new Jiefang District with more than 2.6 billion farmers. This article studies and chooses the village of Sha Zhou dam in Ruijin, Jiangxi, one of thousands of villages in this large-scale land reform movement.
Ruijin Sha Zhou dam village, located in the northwest suburb of Ruijin, is a typical agricultural region and village. The village experienced a land revolution in 1930. At that time, the village was the center of the Soviet revolution in the border region of the Jiangxi and Fujian provinces and the seat of the Soviet central government. This time the first land reform was the main content of the land division. It has been carried out thoroughly and fiercely, once given a great impact on the political and economic thoughts of the farmers of the Sha Zhou dam. After 20 years, the land reform promoted by the Communists was re implemented in Sha Zhou dam, making the study of the village land reform case different in most parts of the country. However, there are many historians throughout the country. The study of rural land reform cases has not been involved in the study of the village soil reform. At the same time, there are also great differences in the research comments on soil reform. It shows that the land tenancy and the land division policy are two major aspects. Therefore, the research on the soil reform of Sha Zhou dam has its special significance and academic value. Practical significance.
This paper starts with topic selection and argumentation, which consists of six parts: the status of land possession before the land reform in Sha Chau village, the preparation of soil reform, the whole process of the earth reform of Sha Zhou dam and the influence of the land reform in the Sha Chau village.
The first chapter: introduction, mainly explains the origin of the topic selection, the research status quo of land reform, research methods and data sources.
The second chapter examines the distribution of land rights, tenancy relations, employment relations and lending relations before the land reform. From these aspects, the social and economic relations of Sha Zhou dam before the land reform are analyzed. 47.82% of the land is occupied by the landlords and rich peasants before the land reform of the earth, 49.89% of the poor farmers in the middle of the land, and the land rights are relatively scattered and the tenancy relationship exists between the various strata and the land rich although the land is rich. But it occupies most of the land, but does not take the way of centralized management, but takes the land to rent and collect rent. The land use right of Sha Zhou dam is mostly in the hands of farmers, and about 2/3 of the farmers are farmers.
The third chapter expounds the preparation of Sha Zhou dam before soil reform. First of all, Ruijin County launched the anti hegemony movement of the bandit anti hegemony. After half a year, it basically cleared up the bandits that lurked in all parts of Ruijin. After that, the movement of rent reduction and grain collection was launched, and the rent reduction was a good way to enlighten the masses of the peasantry. The arbitrariness of the working group on public grain makes some farmers complain, but the land rent is converted into public grain, which objectively makes most of the farmers profit, laying the foundation for the upcoming soil reform.
The fourth chapter describes the whole process of land reform in Sha Zhou dam. The land reform of Sha Zhou dam has experienced the following stages: mobilizing the masses, dividing classes, confiscating and distributing land.
The fifth chapter is to investigate the changes in the village of Sha Zhou dam after the land reform. After the land reform, the farmers divided a land, the production mood improved, and the agricultural income increased after the soil reform. However, in the case of the total wealth of the society, the land was roughly divided into the rich hope. The soil reform of the Sha Zhou dam made every order. The land from the land change to the similar land before the land reform, the land possession and the use of the average, and there is no huge change.
In the concluding part, the soil reform of Sha Zhou dam is roughly combed and the problems appearing after the land reform are expounded. It is believed that the way to improve the productive forces and promote the agricultural development through the land reform roughly equate the land, while the tenancy system before the land reform is in conformity with the social development and does not obstruct production.
【學位授予單位】：江西財經大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K27

【引證文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 黎志輝;;建國初期原中央蘇區(qū)的土地改革和經濟恢復[J];江西財經大學學報;2012年06期

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本文編號：2099017