本文選題：皖南 + 近代交通��； 參考：《安徽師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近代皖南的交通建設(shè)雖歷經(jīng)波折,但在20世紀(jì)二三十年代取得重大成就,形成近代交通的基本雛形。皖南的近代交通起步于機(jī)器輪船,而鐵路和公路的出現(xiàn)則相對(duì)較晚。皖南的鐵路建設(shè)開(kāi)始于20世紀(jì)初的蕪廣鐵路,后有寧湘鐵路幾番擱淺,直到30年代才建成江南鐵路。江南鐵路是近代皖南溝通南京、上海的重要通道,并與滬寧、津浦和淮南鐵路相連,為皖南經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供了巨大的動(dòng)力。此外,皖南地區(qū)還有為數(shù)不多的礦區(qū)專用鐵路,其中的水東輕便鐵路,不僅運(yùn)送煤礦,且辦理客運(yùn)。公路建設(shè)起步較晚,但成就顯著。在中央和地方政府的統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃下,形成了以蕪湖和屯溪為兩大中心的公路網(wǎng),包括蕪?fù)凸�、宣長(zhǎng)公路、杭徽公路、省屯公路、屯淳公路等。在政府的統(tǒng)一管理下,公路、鐵路、水運(yùn)三者聯(lián)運(yùn),蕪湖與屯溪的優(yōu)勢(shì)地位得以凸顯,長(zhǎng)江流域和新安江流域隔絕的局面徹底被打破,皖南與長(zhǎng)三角的交通往來(lái)更加密切。皖南交通結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化促進(jìn)了皖南新型運(yùn)輸通道的形成,以江南鐵路、蕪?fù)凸窞榛A(chǔ)的運(yùn)輸通道成為皖南與外界經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化往來(lái)重要的橋梁,杭徽公路的運(yùn)行瓦解了新安江作為徽州地區(qū)通往浙江唯一通道的局面。以蕪湖和屯溪兩地為中心的近代交通結(jié)構(gòu)形成后,以這二座城市為中心,形成了城鎮(zhèn)布局,在數(shù)量和結(jié)構(gòu)上均發(fā)生了顯著變化,主要表現(xiàn)為蕪湖城區(qū)的擴(kuò)大、經(jīng)濟(jì)輻射能力增強(qiáng)等,而屯溪?jiǎng)t逐漸發(fā)展成為徽州的中心,取代歙縣。傳統(tǒng)的依托水運(yùn)的城鎮(zhèn)逐漸讓位于鐵路、公路而興起的城鎮(zhèn)。
[Abstract]:Although the traffic construction in southern Anhui experienced twists and turns, it made great achievements in the 1920s and 1930s, forming the basic rudiments of modern traffic. The modern traffic in southern Anhui started from machine ships, but the railway and highway appeared relatively late. The railway construction in southern Anhui began at the beginning of the 20th century in Wuguang Railway, and then there were Ningxiang Railway stranded several times, until the 1930s to build the Jiangnan Railway. Jiangnan Railway is an important link between Nanjing and Shanghai in modern Anhui Province, and is connected with Huning, Jinpu and Huainan Railways, which provides a great impetus for the economic development of Southern Anhui. In addition, there are a few special railway in southern Anhui province, including Shuidong Light Railway, which not only carries coal mines, but also handles passenger transport. The highway construction starts late, but the achievement is remarkable. Under the overall planning of the central and local governments, a highway network with Wuhu and Tunxi as two centers was formed, including Wutun Highway, Xuanchang Highway, Hanghui Highway, Provincial Tun Highway, Tunchun Highway and so on. Under the unified management of the government, the intermodal transportation of roads, railways and waterways, the advantages of Wuhu and Tunxi have been highlighted, the situation of the isolation between the Yangtze River Basin and the Xin'an River Basin has been completely broken, and the communication between the south of Anhui and the Yangtze River Delta is closer. The optimization of the traffic structure in the south of Anhui promoted the formation of the new transportation channel in the south of Anhui. The transportation channel based on the Jiangnan railway and Wutun highway became an important bridge between the south of Anhui and the outside economy and culture. The operation of Hangzhou-Hui Highway disintegrated Xinanjiang as the only channel from Huizhou to Zhejiang. After the formation of the modern traffic structure centered on Wuhu and Tunxi, the layout of cities and towns was formed with these two cities as the center, and the quantity and structure of the two cities changed significantly, mainly manifested in the expansion of Wuhu urban area. Economic radiation capacity increased, and Tunxi gradually developed into the center of Huizhou, replacing Shexian County. The traditional cities and towns relying on water transportation gradually gave way to the cities and towns arising from railways and highways.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K26

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