發(fā)布時間：2018-06-24 15:29

  本文選題：籌餉 + 咸同��； 參考：《新疆大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：1851—1871年清政府陷入財政危機,使得原有的財政制度逐漸失靈甚至于瓦解。此時協(xié)餉這一財政制度開始走向崩潰,對新疆地區(qū)原有的財政制度帶來了巨大的沖擊。清政府一方面為了維持在新疆地區(qū)統(tǒng)治的穩(wěn)定,以及統(tǒng)治機構(gòu)的運轉(zhuǎn),開始不斷調(diào)整對新疆的籌餉政策;另一方面,由于邊疆危機的日益加深,尤其是西北邊疆危機日甚一日,清政府為固守疆域的完整,抵御外敵入侵,多次飭令各省對新疆籌撥餉銀。此時,全國大部分省份均陷入催調(diào)欠餉的情況,清政府多次對新疆籌集餉需,以圖緩解新疆的財政困境。雖在一定程度上緩解了新疆的缺餉情況,但并未從根本上解決缺餉的局面。隨著新疆餉源缺額日巨,以及在全國政局動蕩不定和新疆內(nèi)部掀起全民族起義的背景下,清政府為了彌補新疆軍政費用的缺額從疆內(nèi)和疆外兩方面多次變更增籌餉額。后由于陜甘回民起義的爆發(fā),原來從甘肅到新疆的運餉路線被阻,餉銀的轉(zhuǎn)運路線變?yōu)楸甭泛湍下穬陕�。咸同年來自疆�?nèi)和疆外籌餉的重心、數(shù)額、來源、用途不斷變化。通過對籌餉變化的研究,可以更客觀和全面的了解清政府對新疆籌餉政策的制定、實施、產(chǎn)生的影響。從而可以對清政府在咸同年間對新疆籌餉變化及其對新疆政局影響的情況進(jìn)行更為客觀的評價。
[Abstract]:From 1851 to 1871, the Qing government fell into financial crisis, which made the original financial system fail and even disintegrate. At this time, the financial system began to collapse, which had a great impact on the original financial system in Xinjiang. On the one hand, in order to maintain the stability of its rule in Xinjiang and the operation of the ruling institutions, the Qing government began to adjust its policy of raising funds for Xinjiang; on the other hand, because of the deepening crisis in the border areas, especially the crisis in the northwest border areas, the crisis became more and more serious. In order to defend the integrity of the territory and resist the invasion of foreign enemies, the Qing government repeatedly ordered the provinces to raise money for Xinjiang. At this time, most of the provinces in the country are in the situation of arrears, the Qing government for many times to raise money in Xinjiang, in order to alleviate the financial difficulties of Xinjiang. Although to some extent alleviated the situation of lack of pay in Xinjiang, but did not fundamentally solve the situation of lack of pay. With the huge shortage of pay in Xinjiang, and in the background of the political instability in the whole country and the rise of the whole nation in Xinjiang, the Qing government changed the amount of increased pay from both inside and outside Xinjiang many times in order to make up for the shortage of military and government expenses in Xinjiang. Later, due to the outbreak of the Shaanxi-Gansu Hui uprising, the original route from Gansu to Xinjiang was blocked, and the transfer route of pay silver was changed into two routes: North Road and South Road. In the same year, the center of gravity, amount, source, and use of money from both inside and outside Xinjiang were constantly changing. Through the research on the change of raising money, we can understand the influence of Qing government on the formulation, implementation and production of the pay policy in Xinjiang more objectively and comprehensively. Therefore, the Qing government can make a more objective evaluation on the change of Xinjiang's income and its influence on Xinjiang's political situation during the same period of the Qing Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K252

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本文編號：2061989