發(fā)布時間：2018-06-05 20:59

  本文選題：侵華日軍 + 大屠殺��； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：1937年7月,日軍先在中國北部挑起“盧溝橋事變”,掀起全面侵華戰(zhàn)爭。一個月后,日軍又將戰(zhàn)火引向南方,挑起淞滬戰(zhàn)爭。日軍從登陸之初就開始了對中國軍民的大屠殺。上海淪陷后,日軍開始追擊南京,沿途的屠殺進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。追擊中,大規(guī)模的屠殺在每一個被占領(lǐng)的城市都要“上演”,京滬鐵路沿線的蘇州、無錫、常州、鎮(zhèn)江等重要城市無一幸免。日軍屠殺手段之殘酷,令人發(fā)指。戰(zhàn)爭初期江南戰(zhàn)場的形勢隨著日軍侵華而改變。日軍從一開始的“速戰(zhàn)速決”戰(zhàn)略意圖轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹謿灉鐕娭猩挚沽α�。日軍在上海和南京的�?zhàn)略選擇過程,實際上決定的不僅僅是一個局部戰(zhàn)役,而是整個戰(zhàn)爭的走向。中國軍隊的應(yīng)對則關(guān)系到抗戰(zhàn)的全局。從淞滬抗戰(zhàn)的堅決抵抗到南京保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)的潰退,最終導(dǎo)致抗戰(zhàn)初期國民政府軍事和政治上的被動局面。南京大屠殺是從上海開始。日軍從上海到南京這條路上,奸擄焚殺的暴行,其嚴(yán)重性,實不下于南京。京滬沿線城市如蘇州、無錫、常州、鎮(zhèn)江等城市都發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重的屠殺事件。而戰(zhàn)時日軍官兵日記等戰(zhàn)場記錄,是源自加害一方最為直接的證據(jù),同時也是證明日軍大屠殺等暴行最為直接和可信的依據(jù)。這些日軍官兵在戰(zhàn)斗間隙中留下的文字記錄意義重大,主要是這些都是出自加害者的當(dāng)時、當(dāng)?shù)�、�?dāng)事者的第一手資料。他們將關(guān)于戰(zhàn)時的經(jīng)歷、感受和所見所聞記錄了下來,這無疑是從另一個角度來認(rèn)識這場戰(zhàn)爭。其實,日軍在上海和南京的屠殺不是在偶然的情況下發(fā)生的。屠殺的發(fā)生與日軍在戰(zhàn)爭時期的制度、命令息息相關(guān)�！敖o養(yǎng)就地征發(fā)”是日軍在淞滬戰(zhàn)役之后向南京進(jìn)擊的過程中實行的從中國平民手中掠奪物資的一種戰(zhàn)爭政策。為了解決補(bǔ)給的問題,日軍上層將這種政策作為命令向下傳達(dá)。在上層命令的“掩護(hù)”下,日軍上層放任官兵肆意搶劫,從征糧發(fā)展到搶劫、強(qiáng)奸、殺人無所不為。日軍在戰(zhàn)時還頒布了“屠殺令”�！巴罋⒘睢睅淼闹苯雍蠊褪侨哲娫谏虾５侥暇┩局屑霸谀暇┏莾�(nèi)屠殺了數(shù)萬俘虜。更為惡劣的后果是,在上層命令的授意下助長了普通士兵的濫殺。日軍在江南的大屠殺包含很多復(fù)雜的因素,而日軍的戰(zhàn)時機(jī)制是重要因素。
[Abstract]:In July 1937, the Japanese first provoked the Lugou Bridge incident in northern China and launched an all-out war of aggression against China. A month later, the Japanese led the war to the south, provoking the Battle of Shanghai. The Japanese began the massacre of the Chinese army and people from the very beginning of the landing. After the fall of Shanghai, Japanese troops began to pursue Nanjing, the slaughter along the way further expanded. In pursuit, mass killings must be carried out in every occupied city. Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang and other important cities along the Beijing-Shanghai railway line are all spared. The cruelty of the Japanese slaughter was outrageous. At the beginning of the war, the situation of the battlefield in Jiangnan changed with the Japanese invasion of China. The Japanese army changed from a "quick-war" strategic intention to a viable resistance to annihilate the national army. In fact, the process of Japanese strategic choice in Shanghai and Nanjing determines not only a local campaign, but also the whole war. The response of the Chinese army is related to the overall situation of the War of Resistance against Japan. From the resolute resistance of the Battle of Songhu to the collapse of the defensive War in Nanjing, it finally led to the passive situation of the national government in the early stage of the War of Resistance against Japan. The Nanjing Massacre began in Shanghai. On the road from Shanghai to Nanjing, the atrocities committed by the Japanese army were no less serious than those in Nanjing. Serious massacres occurred in cities such as Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou and Zhenjiang. The battlefield records of Japanese officers and soldiers in wartime are the most direct evidence from the murderous side and the most direct and credible evidence of atrocities such as the Japanese Holocaust. The written records left by these Japanese officers and men in the fighting space are of great significance, mainly because these were from the victims at the time, the local, the first-hand information of those involved. They recorded their experiences, feelings, and experiences of the war, which was undoubtedly seen from another perspective. In fact, the killing of Japanese troops in Shanghai and Nanjing did not happen by accident. The massacre was closely related to the Japanese army's system and orders during the war. In the course of attacking Nanjing after the Battle of Songhu, the Japanese army carried out a kind of war policy of plundering goods from the hands of Chinese civilians. In order to solve the supply problem, the upper level of the Japanese policy as an order to communicate down. Under the "cover" of the upper order, the Japanese army officers and men allowed wanton robbery, from grain collection to robbery, rape, killing everything. The Japanese also issued a massacre order during the war. The direct consequence of the massacre was the killing of tens of thousands of prisoners on the way from Shanghai to Nanjing. An even worse consequence was the indiscriminate killing of ordinary soldiers at the behest of the upper ranks. The Japanese massacre in the south of the Yangtze River contains many complicated factors, and the Japanese wartime mechanism is an important factor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K265.6

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 高興祖;抗戰(zhàn)初期國內(nèi)外有關(guān)南京大屠殺事件的報道和著作[J];抗日戰(zhàn)爭研究;1995年04期

2 高興祖;侵華日軍進(jìn)攻南京的兵力部署[J];民國春秋;1996年01期

3 孫宅巍;關(guān)于南京大屠殺稱謂、規(guī)模和地域的爭議[J];民國春秋;1998年06期

4 高興祖;侵華日軍第十六師團(tuán)在南京的血腥暴行[J];抗日戰(zhàn)爭研究;1994年04期

5 高興祖;日本京都十六師團(tuán)和南京大屠殺[J];民國春秋;1998年03期

6 高興祖;從日本資料看日軍在江蘇常州地區(qū)的暴行[J];民國春秋;1997年05期

7 胡曉丁 ,張連紅;松井石根與“南京大屠殺”[J];南京師大學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);1993年03期

8 孫宅巍;侵華日軍“殺人比賽”究竟從哪里開始[J];南京史志;1995年05期

9 程兆奇;侵華日軍軍風(fēng)紀(jì)研究——以第十軍為中心[J];近代史研究;2004年03期

10 程兆奇;再論“百人斬”[J];江蘇社會科學(xué);2002年06期

，

本文編號：1983383