本文選題：中蘇 + 軍事關(guān)系��； 參考：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 隨著20世紀(jì)80年代以來中蘇關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)暖及正�；�,中國(guó)大陸對(duì)中蘇關(guān)系的研究逐漸淡化了意識(shí)形態(tài)色彩,開始轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)W術(shù)性并取得了豐碩的成果。但目前學(xué)界詳細(xì)論述20世紀(jì)50-60年代中蘇兩國(guó)軍事關(guān)系從合作到對(duì)抗這一巨大轉(zhuǎn)變過程緣起、表現(xiàn)及影響的文章尚不多見。本文采取實(shí)證史學(xué)、跨學(xué)科研究的方法,從軍事關(guān)系的特殊角度,全面審視了20世紀(jì)50-60年代中蘇的軍事合作與對(duì)抗,既可以為我國(guó)的軍隊(duì)建設(shè)提供有益借鑒,亦可以深化中蘇關(guān)系研究。 20世紀(jì)50年代中蘇軍事的緊密合作與這一時(shí)期雙方在政治、外交等領(lǐng)域的深入交往有密切的關(guān)系。共同的意識(shí)形態(tài)、“一邊倒”的外交政策、休戚相關(guān)的安全利益、《中蘇友好同盟互助條約》的簽訂等諸多因素的共同作用使兩國(guó)在“蜜月期”加強(qiáng)軍事合作成為歷史的必然。這一時(shí)期,蘇聯(lián)向中國(guó)提供了規(guī)模龐大的軍事援助,主要包括：在聯(lián)合軍事行動(dòng)方面,蘇聯(lián)空軍多次參與援華的軍事行動(dòng)；在人員方面,兩軍開展了多種渠道的人員交流；在軍隊(duì)建設(shè)方面,蘇聯(lián)積極支持和幫助中國(guó)軍隊(duì)進(jìn)行正規(guī)化建設(shè)；在軍備物資方面,蘇聯(lián)向中國(guó)提供了種類繁多的陸、海、空三軍武器裝備、技術(shù)及金額巨大的貸款；在歷史遺留問題方面,蘇聯(lián)歸還了占領(lǐng)中國(guó)多年的旅順等軍事基地。 從20世紀(jì)60年代開始,由于中蘇在民族文化、國(guó)家利益、戰(zhàn)略利益、意識(shí)形態(tài)等方面的差異,兩國(guó)的外交爭(zhēng)端不斷增加,加上與敏感復(fù)雜的邊界問題相糾結(jié),中蘇軍事沖突終于爆發(fā),以珍寶島邊界戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)最為激烈。之后,蘇聯(lián)在邊境地區(qū)大幅備戰(zhàn)并制造了一系列挑釁事件。而中方針對(duì)中蘇戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)的可能性,也采取了一系列必要的備戰(zhàn)措施。中蘇雙方不可避免地進(jìn)入到全面的軍事對(duì)抗階段。 縱觀20世紀(jì)50-60年代中蘇軍事關(guān)系,歷經(jīng)積極合作到嚴(yán)重對(duì)峙的發(fā)展變化,對(duì)中蘇兩國(guó)都產(chǎn)生了巨大影響�；谶@一巨大轉(zhuǎn)變的啟示,我們只有首先致力于本國(guó)軍事科技的研發(fā),然后積極借鑒、吸收其他國(guó)家建軍興兵的經(jīng)驗(yàn),堅(jiān)定不移地走獨(dú)立自主國(guó)防建設(shè)之路,才能真正實(shí)現(xiàn)富國(guó)強(qiáng)兵的偉大目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:With the warming and normalization of Sino-Soviet relations since the 1980s, the study of Sino-Soviet relations in mainland China gradually downplayed the ideological color, began to turn to academic and achieved fruitful results. However, there are few articles on the origin, performance and influence of the military relations between China and the Soviet Union from cooperation to confrontation in the 1950s and 1960s. This article adopts the method of empirical historiography and interdisciplinary research, from the special angle of military relations, comprehensively examines the military cooperation and confrontation between China and the Soviet Union in the 50-60 's of the 20th century, which can provide useful reference for the military construction of our country. It can also deepen the study of Sino-Soviet relations. The close cooperation between China and the Soviet Union in the 1950s was closely related to the deep exchanges between the two sides in politics, diplomacy and other fields. The common ideology, one-sided foreign policy, closely related security interests, and the signing of the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between China and the Soviet Union make it a historical necessity for the two countries to strengthen military cooperation during the honeymoon period. During this period, the Soviet Union provided China with a large scale of military assistance, mainly including: in the joint military operations, the Soviet Air Force participated in military operations to assist China many times, in terms of personnel, the two armed forces carried out personnel exchanges through various channels. In the field of military construction, the Soviet Union actively supported and helped the Chinese army to carry out regularization construction, and in terms of military materials, the Soviet Union provided China with a wide variety of weapons, equipment, technology and huge loans for the armed forces. In the legacy of history, the Soviet Union returned military bases such as Lushun, which had occupied China for many years. Since the 1960s, due to differences in national culture, national interests, strategic interests, ideology and so on, the diplomatic disputes between the two countries have been increasing, and they have been entangled with sensitive and complex border issues. The military conflict between China and the Soviet Union finally broke out, with the border war on Treasure Island being the fiercest. After that, the Soviet Union was heavily prepared for the border and created a series of provocations. China has also taken a series of necessary measures to prepare for the possibility of a war between China and the Soviet Union. China and the Soviet Union inevitably entered the stage of full-scale military confrontation. Looking at the military relations between China and the Soviet Union in the 50-60 's of the 20th century, the development and changes of positive cooperation and serious confrontation have had a great impact on both China and the Soviet Union. Based on the enlightenment of this tremendous change, we can only devote ourselves first to the research and development of our own military science and technology, and then actively draw lessons from the experience of other countries in building up and rejuvenating our troops, and unswervingly follow the road of independent national defense construction. In order to truly achieve the great goal of a rich nation and a strong army.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：K27;E297

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