本文選題：晚清 + 天足運(yùn)動(dòng)　； 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：自從纏足這種滅絕人性的陋俗在中華大地蔓延成勢(shì)之后,進(jìn)步人士對(duì)它的詬病和指責(zé)就從未停止。天足運(yùn)動(dòng)的種子一直薪火相傳,代代不息。 在明亡清興、滿洲貴族入關(guān)之際,天足運(yùn)動(dòng)的曙光乍現(xiàn)。清朝統(tǒng)治者為了加強(qiáng)統(tǒng)治,命令漢族女子放足。但在漢族舊勢(shì)力的頑強(qiáng)抵制下,天足政策終究實(shí)施未果。在鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之后,西風(fēng)東漸,基督教文明日益?zhèn)鞑ラ_(kāi)來(lái)。在西方傳教士和在華人士的推動(dòng)下,成立了天足會(huì),在教會(huì)報(bào)刊上廣泛宣傳天足輿論。在基督教傳播的過(guò)程中,中國(guó)特色的基督教——拜上帝教應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,由這個(gè)宗教武裝下的太平天國(guó)政權(quán),在它的統(tǒng)治區(qū)域大面積的發(fā)動(dòng)了天足運(yùn)動(dòng),為中國(guó)婦女的解放作出了不可抹煞的貢獻(xiàn)。 至甲午一役,中國(guó)被東方新崛起的小國(guó)日本所威逼,《馬關(guān)條約》的簽訂令中國(guó)的新派知識(shí)分子對(duì)國(guó)勢(shì)的焦慮日益深切,精神世界的重壓使他們開(kāi)始思考中國(guó)窮弱的原因。傷身害種的纏足,再一次成為集中討伐的對(duì)象。維新思想家們強(qiáng)勁有力地抨擊纏足、倡導(dǎo)天足、組織天足會(huì),推動(dòng)了新一輪天足運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展。 至庚子辛丑之際,中國(guó)人民飽受列強(qiáng)的欺壓,晚清政府的統(tǒng)治業(yè)已搖搖欲墜。為了爭(zhēng)取各方的支持,挽救危局,慈禧太后開(kāi)始頒布天足諭旨,地方督撫大員緊跟著群起響應(yīng)。這次在官方權(quán)威推進(jìn)下的天足運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)展到了高潮。 在晚清新政時(shí)期,社會(huì)上的民主共和思潮日益深入人心。一批具有民主共和思想的革命斗士成為天足運(yùn)動(dòng)的急先鋒。婦女逐漸覺(jué)悟,新女性開(kāi)始踏上歷史舞臺(tái),直接宣傳和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)天足運(yùn)動(dòng)。 辛亥革命之后,中國(guó)歷史從帝制時(shí)代跨進(jìn)共和時(shí)代,天足政策的實(shí)施更加有力。經(jīng)過(guò)歷屆政府的不懈努力,纏足現(xiàn)象在中華大地上逐漸消亡。
[Abstract]:Ever since foot-binding, a dehumanizing vulgar, has spread throughout China, progressive critics have never stopped denouncing it. The seeds of celestial foot movement have been passed down from generation to generation. In the Ming Dynasty, Qing Xing, Manchu aristocrats entered the customs, the dawn of the Heaven foot Movement. The rulers of the Qing Dynasty ordered Han women to set foot in order to strengthen their rule. But under the stubborn resistance of the Han old forces, the policy of heaven-foot finally failed. After the Opium War, westernization spread to the east and Christian civilization spread increasingly. Under the impetus of Western missionaries and Chinese personages, the Heaven foot Society was set up and widely publicized in the church newspapers and periodicals. In the course of the spread of Christianity, the Christian worship of God with Chinese characteristics came into being. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom regime, armed by this religion, launched a massive celestial movement in its ruling region. They have made indelible contributions to the liberation of Chinese women. By the first battle of 1894, China was coerced by Japan, a small country newly rising in the East. The signing of the Treaty of the people's Republic of China made the new intellectuals in China become increasingly anxious about the national situation, and the heavy burden of the spiritual world made them think about the causes of China's poverty and weakness. The foot-binding that injures the body and harms the species, once again becomes the object of centralized crusade. The reformist thinkers strongly attacked foot binding, advocated the sky foot, and organized the heaven foot meeting, which promoted the development of a new round of sky foot movement. By the time of Gengzi Xin Chou, the Chinese people had been oppressed by the powers, and the rule of the late Qing Dynasty was shaky. To win support and save the crisis, Empress Dowager Cixi began issuing an oracle, followed by local governors. The sky-foot movement, pushed by official authority, reached its climax. During the New deal of the late Qing Dynasty, the trend of thought of democracy and republicanism was more and more popular. A group of revolutionary fighters with democratic Republican thought became the vanguard of the Heaven foot Movement. Women gradually realized that the new women began to step on the stage of history, direct propaganda and leadership of the heaven-foot movement. After the 1911 Revolution, Chinese history stepped into the Republican era from the imperial era, and the implementation of the Heaven-foot Policy was more powerful. Through the unremitting efforts of successive governments, the phenomenon of foot-binding gradually died out on the land of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K252

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本文編號(hào)：1960024