本文選題：鴉片戰(zhàn)爭 + 清廷�。� 參考：《歷史教學(下半月刊)》2017年04期

【摘要】：鴉片戰(zhàn)爭期間,清廷對中國沿海的地理形勢、海岸特點以及海洋水文要素展開大規(guī)模調查,據(jù)此掌握海防知識,用以指引海防部署,涉及范圍北至奉天,南及廣東,其調查結果的精確度較高。但清廷奉行守�？趹�(zhàn)略,也不了解英軍的軍事實力和戰(zhàn)略戰(zhàn)術,水文調查結果反而令其誤判英軍的進攻方向,將主要海防力量部署在缺少礁淺沙線的海口,疏忽了對許多淺狹的�？凇⑺篮蛢群拥姆婪�,這使英軍利用海軍攻擊正面和陸軍抄襲側后的戰(zhàn)術屢試不爽。對水文調查結果的錯誤應用,也是鴉片戰(zhàn)爭失敗的重要原因。
[Abstract]:During the Opium War, the Qing government carried out a large-scale investigation of the geographical situation, coastal characteristics and marine hydrological elements of China's coastal areas, so as to master the knowledge of coastal defense to guide the deployment of coastal defense, covering the north to Fengtian, the south and Guangdong. The accuracy of its findings is high. However, the Qing government pursued the Haikou strategy and did not understand the military strength and strategic tactics of the British army. Instead, the hydrological investigation result led it to misjudge the direction of the British attack and deploy the main coastal defense forces in Haikou, where the reef and sand line is missing. Neglecting to guard against many shallow estuaries, waterways, and inland waterways, the British use naval assault frontal and army plagiarism tactics. The wrong application of hydrological survey results is also an important reason for the defeat of the Opium War.
【作者單位】： 浙江師范大學人文學院歷史系;
【基金】：國家社科基金青年項目“清中葉英國在南海的地圖測繪及其影響研究(1780—1820)”(項目編號:15CZS015)階段性成果
【分類號】：E295;K252
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本文編號：1947218