發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-26 16:36

  本文選題：清末 + 視學(xué)��； 參考：《安徽史學(xué)》2017年04期

【摘要】：清末視學(xué)問(wèn)題,就視學(xué)活動(dòng)而言,主要包括三級(jí)視學(xué)、要員視學(xué)及海外視學(xué)等。三級(jí)視學(xué)即部視學(xué)、省視學(xué)、縣視學(xué);要員視學(xué)包括外國(guó)使臣、學(xué)務(wù)大臣、地方督撫及其他官員;海外視學(xué)集中在東南亞爪哇地區(qū),汪鳳翔是主要代表。視學(xué)章程與管理包括章程本身、視學(xué)員的選任及其它內(nèi)容。視學(xué)章程,分由學(xué)部、各省制訂;視學(xué)員的選任,一是差委,二是公舉;章程之外,視學(xué)管理在具體實(shí)施中漸趨細(xì)化、明晰,這體現(xiàn)在資格、回避、考核、兼差、任期、獎(jiǎng)敘、培訓(xùn)、嚴(yán)懲冒充等。清末視學(xué)在地方引發(fā)訟案累累,以四川為最,次乃江蘇。以身份劃分,包括學(xué)界、紳界、政界及不明身份者;訟案頻仍的原因,一是由于民風(fēng)健訟,二是視學(xué)員觸動(dòng)了地方利益引發(fā)不滿,三是視學(xué)員自身存在問(wèn)題。視學(xué)作為清末教育新政中的一大舉措,短短數(shù)載,發(fā)展迅速,影響巨大,其中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),在今天看來(lái)仍有借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The problem of inspection in late Qing Dynasty mainly includes three-level inspection, VIP inspection and overseas inspection. Three levels of inspection, namely, ministry inspection, provincial inspection, and county inspection, include foreign envoys, academic ministers, local governors and other officials; overseas inspections are concentrated in the Java region of Southeast Asia, with Wang Fengxiang as the main representative. The rules and regulations of inspection include the articles themselves, the selection of students and other contents. The rules of inspection are drawn up by the departments of study and the provinces; the selection and appointment of students is based on a poor committee and a public election; in addition to the articles of association, the management of inspection studies is gradually becoming more detailed and clear in the concrete implementation. This is reflected in qualifications, avoidance, examination, poor performance, term of office, and award and classification. Training, severely punishing impersonation, etc. In the late Qing Dynasty, inspection led to numerous cases in the local area, Sichuan as the most, the second is Jiangsu. Divided by status, including academic circles, gentry circles, political circles and unidentified persons; the reasons for the frequent cases are: first, because of the strong civil conduct, the other is that the cadets touch the local interests cause dissatisfaction, and the third is that the students themselves exist problems. Inspection, as a major measure in the New deal of Education in the late Qing Dynasty, has been developing rapidly for a few years and has a great influence on it. The experience and lessons among them still have reference significance today.
【作者單位】： 河南師范大學(xué)歷史文化學(xué)院;
【分類號(hào)】：K257.5

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本文編號(hào)：1938022