本文選題：知識(shí)青年 + 上山下鄉(xiāng)��； 參考：《江西師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)是新中國(guó)成立后由政府組織的、牽涉面極為廣泛、社會(huì)影響極其深遠(yuǎn)的社會(huì)活動(dòng),它涉及人數(shù)曾達(dá)1700萬人以上,是共和國(guó)史上的重要事件之一。知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)給新中國(guó)發(fā)展造成了極為深遠(yuǎn)的歷史影響。 知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)是一項(xiàng)以解決城市就業(yè)和培養(yǎng)新式“農(nóng)民”,推動(dòng)新農(nóng)村建設(shè)雙向任務(wù)并舉的一項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)。因受“文革”影響,其后期具有明顯的政治傾向性。知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)在前后期發(fā)起的基本動(dòng)因上存在一定的差異性。解決城鎮(zhèn)知青就業(yè),緩解就業(yè)壓力,支持農(nóng)村建設(shè),培養(yǎng)社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)民,蘇聯(lián)集體農(nóng)莊的影響,是前期發(fā)起的基本動(dòng)因;而后期除了受這些因素影響外,還受社會(huì)主義“再教育”,紅衛(wèi)兵運(yùn)動(dòng)和培養(yǎng)社會(huì)主義接班人等政治因素的影響。 知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)對(duì)中國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)社會(huì)發(fā)展有著重要影響。作為毛澤東新農(nóng)村建設(shè)探索的重要舉措,知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)對(duì)新農(nóng)村建設(shè)有重大推動(dòng)作用。下鄉(xiāng)知青為農(nóng)村注入了新的“生產(chǎn)血液”,推動(dòng)了農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)的發(fā)展;傳播了城市文化,改善了農(nóng)民的生活習(xí)慣,促進(jìn)了農(nóng)村醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生事業(yè)的發(fā)展。大規(guī)模的城市知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)使城市失去了其自身的資源優(yōu)勢(shì),一度出現(xiàn)”倒城市化“現(xiàn)象,阻礙了新中國(guó)城市化發(fā)展進(jìn)程。 知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)作為調(diào)整我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的一項(xiàng)應(yīng)急措施,它不可能成為解決就業(yè)的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)國(guó)策。改革舊的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制,解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力是解決就業(yè)的根本途徑。知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)對(duì)當(dāng)前以“大學(xué)生村官計(jì)劃”為代表的“新上山下鄉(xiāng)”有重要的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the educated youth were organized by the government, which involved a wide range of social activities with far-reaching social impact. It involved more than 17 million people and was one of the important events in the history of the Republic. The intellectual youth went to the countryside to cause the extremely profound historical influence to the new China development. It is an economic activity for intellectual youth to go to the countryside to solve urban employment, train new "peasants" and promote the construction of new countryside. Because of the influence of the Cultural Revolution, its later period has obvious political tendency. There are some differences in the motivation of intellectual youth to go to the countryside. Solving urban educated youth employment, relieving employment pressure, supporting rural construction, training new socialist farmers, and the influence of Soviet collective farms are the basic reasons for the early stage of the initiation, but in the later period, in addition to these factors, It is also influenced by political factors such as socialist re-education, Red Guards movement and training of socialist successors. Educated youth going to the countryside has an important impact on the social development of China's urban and rural areas. As an important measure to explore the construction of the new countryside in Mao Zedong, the intellectual youth going to the countryside plays an important role in promoting the construction of the new countryside. The educated youth in the countryside have injected new "production blood" into the countryside, promoted the development of rural production, spread urban culture, improved peasants' living habits, and promoted the development of rural medical and health care. The large-scale urban intellectual youth go to the countryside to make the city lose its own resource superiority, once appeared "the inverted urbanization" phenomenon, has hindered the new China urbanization development process. As an emergency measure to adjust the national economy of our country, it is impossible for educated youth to go to the countryside to solve the long-term national policy of employment. Reforming the old economic system, liberating and developing productive forces is the fundamental way to solve employment. It is of great significance for the educated youth to go to the countryside.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：K27

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 顧承衛(wèi);祝志芬;;“大學(xué)生村官”計(jì)劃與知青運(yùn)動(dòng)的比較與啟示[J];青年探索;2009年03期

2 楊曉明;;知青后代記憶中的“上山下鄉(xiāng)”——代際互動(dòng)過程中的傳遞與建構(gòu)[J];青年研究;2008年11期

3 李巧寧;知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)心態(tài)探析[J];求索;2004年01期

4 肖立輝;;新“上山下鄉(xiāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)”的現(xiàn)實(shí)難題[J];人民論壇;2008年11期

5 劉文杰;卓越的政治智慧:鄧小平解決知青問題回顧[J];四川檔案;2004年04期

6 李春亭;;新農(nóng)村建設(shè)與大學(xué)生互動(dòng)發(fā)展——從知識(shí)反哺農(nóng)民的視角[J];生產(chǎn)力研究;2007年02期

7 葉辛;;論中國(guó)大地上的知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)[J];社會(huì)科學(xué);2006年05期

8 葉辛;;論中國(guó)知青上山下鄉(xiāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的落幕[J];社會(huì)科學(xué);2007年07期

9 張淑貞;毛澤東關(guān)于知青再教育理論的形成原因探析[J];探求;2004年02期

10 劉文杰,趙武;試論周恩來和知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)[J];天府新論;1998年S1期

，

本文編號(hào)：1910498