本文選題：晚清軍用工業(yè) + 湖北槍炮廠��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：1840年鴉片戰(zhàn)爭中,外國資本主義用堅(jiān)船利炮打開了古老中國的大門,從此以后西方列強(qiáng)開始通過各種手段侵略著我國的領(lǐng)土和資源。與此同時(shí),國內(nèi)由于封建統(tǒng)治階級(jí)的集權(quán)統(tǒng)治,階級(jí)矛盾不斷激化,農(nóng)民起義不斷。在這種嚴(yán)重的內(nèi)憂外患的形勢下,清政府內(nèi)部一些洋務(wù)派主張引進(jìn)和學(xué)習(xí)西方先進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù),興辦民用和軍事工業(yè),并相應(yīng)的對(duì)軍事、外交、文化教育和某些政府機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改革,以此來鞏固和維護(hù)封建統(tǒng)治,由此產(chǎn)生了洋務(wù)運(yùn)動(dòng)。 在這次洋務(wù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的過程中,我國近代軍事工業(yè)取得了較快的發(fā)展。自1861年起,清政府在我國近三分之二的省份設(shè)立了軍工生產(chǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)。其中規(guī)模較大的主要有江南制造局、福州船政局、天津機(jī)器局、金陵機(jī)器制造局與湖北槍炮廠等。目前,學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)于前四個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的研究已經(jīng)比較全面和深入,對(duì)湖北槍炮廠的研究還顯薄弱。本文以湖北槍炮廠為研究對(duì)象,以晚清至民國時(shí)期為時(shí)間線索,考察其建立的背景、經(jīng)營狀況和發(fā)展演變情況,分析了它的歷史地位與作用。 本文的主要工作如下： 第一,從整體上對(duì)晚清時(shí)期軍用工業(yè)興起的歷史背景的分析。本文第一章主要對(duì)晚清軍用工業(yè)興起的背景、軍工機(jī)構(gòu)的布局特點(diǎn)和原因做了詳細(xì)的考察和分析。 第二,對(duì)晚清時(shí)期湖北槍炮廠的研究。本文第二章中,通過對(duì)史料的考察和整理,梳理出晚清時(shí)期湖北槍炮廠創(chuàng)建的歷史背景,分析當(dāng)時(shí)的生產(chǎn)狀況和經(jīng)費(fèi)收支情況、技術(shù)的引進(jìn)與傳播,研究它的管理機(jī)制。 第三,對(duì)晚清以后湖北槍炮廠的研究。本文認(rèn)為研究晚清以后的湖北槍炮廠應(yīng)分為兩個(gè)歷史時(shí)期進(jìn)行,即北洋政府時(shí)期與國民政府時(shí)期。本文第三章主要著重分析在北洋政府這個(gè)特殊的歷史時(shí)期中,湖北槍炮廠的沿革與變遷,生產(chǎn)狀況與技術(shù)改進(jìn)。同時(shí)對(duì)之后國民政府時(shí)期的發(fā)展作一個(gè)簡單的介紹。 第四,在上述考察和研究的基礎(chǔ)上,客觀辯證的分析湖北槍炮廠的歷史地位和作用。本文認(rèn)為湖北槍炮廠的存在與發(fā)展有其歷史的局限性,但它對(duì)中國近代工業(yè),尤其是軍用工業(yè)的發(fā)展也產(chǎn)生了重大的影響。
[Abstract]:In the Opium War of 1840, foreign capitalism opened the door of ancient China with a strong boat and sharp guns. After that, Western powers began to invade China's territory and resources by various means. At the same time, because of the centralized rule of feudal ruling class, the contradiction of class intensified and peasant uprising continued. Under this serious internal and external situation, some Westerners within the Qing government advocated the introduction and study of advanced western science and technology, the establishment of civilian and military industries, and the corresponding response to military and foreign affairs. Cultural education and reform of certain government institutions to consolidate and maintain feudal rule, resulting in the Westernization Movement. In the process of the Westernization Movement, China's modern military industry has made rapid development. Since 1861, the Qing government has set up military production organizations in nearly 2/3 provinces of China. The major ones are Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, Fuzhou Shipyard Bureau, Tianjin Machinery Bureau, Jinling Machine Manufacturing Bureau and Hubei Gun Factory. At present, the academic research on the first four institutions has been comprehensive and thorough, and the research on Hubei gun factory is still weak. Taking Hubei gun factory as the research object and taking the period from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China as the time clue, this paper investigates its background, management status and development and evolvement, and analyzes its historical position and function. The main work of this paper is as follows: Firstly, the historical background of the rise of military industry in the late Qing Dynasty was analyzed as a whole. The first chapter makes a detailed investigation and analysis on the background of the rise of military industry in the late Qing Dynasty, the layout characteristics and reasons of the military industry. Second, the study of Hubei gun factory in the late Qing Dynasty. In the second chapter of this paper, through the investigation and arrangement of historical data, the historical background of the establishment of Hubei gun factory in the late Qing Dynasty is sorted out, and the production situation, the income and expenditure of funds at that time, the introduction and dissemination of technology, and the management mechanism of Hubei gun factory are analyzed. Third, the research of Hubei gun factory after the late Qing Dynasty. This paper holds that the study of Hubei gun factory after the late Qing Dynasty should be divided into two historical periods, namely, the period of the Beiyang Government and the period of the National Government. The third chapter focuses on the history and changes, production conditions and technical improvement of Hubei gun factory during the special historical period of Beiyang government. At the same time, after the development of the National Government to make a simple introduction. Fourthly, on the basis of the above investigation and research, the historical position and function of Hubei gun factory are analyzed objectively and dialectically. This paper holds that the existence and development of Hubei gun factory has its historical limitations, but it also has a great influence on the development of modern Chinese industry, especially military industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K25

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