發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-17 01:13

  本文選題：中國(guó)國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司 + 宋子文��； 參考：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司,是抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期接洽和管理美國(guó)援華租借物資的專門(mén)機(jī)構(gòu),在租借物資的獲取和營(yíng)運(yùn)過(guò)程中發(fā)揮過(guò)重要作用。 抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)后,國(guó)民政府積極爭(zhēng)取外國(guó)尤其是美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事援助。隨著國(guó)民政府的主觀努力及美國(guó)自身的利害關(guān)系,美國(guó)對(duì)華政策發(fā)生了由嚴(yán)守中立到提供租借援助的變化。中國(guó)國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司正是在美國(guó)對(duì)華提供租借援助的條件下應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。中國(guó)國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司于1941年3月《租借法案》通過(guò)后開(kāi)始籌備,同年5月正式注冊(cè)成立,直到1944年7月為中國(guó)物資供應(yīng)委員會(huì)取代。在其存在期間,開(kāi)展了中國(guó)政府在美國(guó)幾乎所有的物資供應(yīng)工作:包括根據(jù)《租借法案》提出要求,努力與美國(guó)各方建立良好關(guān)系,爭(zhēng)取更多的租借物資;想方設(shè)法獲取運(yùn)輸設(shè)備以提高運(yùn)輸能力;推動(dòng)駝峰航線的開(kāi)辟及支持陳納德以促進(jìn)駝峰空運(yùn)的發(fā)展;在美國(guó)的決策者中進(jìn)行游說(shuō),使美國(guó)政府以志愿人員的方式向中國(guó)提供空中支援,向美方訂購(gòu)飛機(jī)和零部件裝備飛虎隊(duì);策劃中國(guó)軍隊(duì)在印度、美國(guó)等地訓(xùn)練,等等。通過(guò)中國(guó)國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司的努力,爭(zhēng)取到了大量的租借物資,這些物資在改善中國(guó)的交通,裝備中國(guó)的海、陸、空軍方面起到了一定的作用。 中國(guó)國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司應(yīng)戰(zhàn)時(shí)需要而成立,有其自身的特點(diǎn):因其命運(yùn)是與中美兩國(guó)的國(guó)家關(guān)系,最高領(lǐng)袖之間的私人關(guān)系乃至援華與反華勢(shì)力的強(qiáng)弱密不可分,國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司要在這復(fù)雜的關(guān)系網(wǎng)中周旋以求最大限度的爭(zhēng)取美國(guó)的租借援助,所做的工作是繁雜的,其工作的開(kāi)展是艱難的;負(fù)責(zé)人宋子文憑借其外交才能及在美國(guó)高層中的良好關(guān)系,起到了為國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司披荊斬棘的作用;以中國(guó)國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司為紐帶,美國(guó)向中國(guó)提供了租借援助,中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)的援助也予以回贈(zèng)。本文就中國(guó)國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司成立的背景、主要工作、結(jié)局、特點(diǎn)、影響做以全面的研究,望能加強(qiáng)對(duì)中國(guó)國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司的認(rèn)識(shí),了解及重溫戰(zhàn)時(shí)以中國(guó)國(guó)防供應(yīng)公司為核心的中美關(guān)系能對(duì)今日之中美關(guān)系有所借鑒。
[Abstract]:China National Defense supply Corporation (CDSC), a specialized organization that contacted and managed the leasing materials of American aid to China during the War of Resistance against Japan, played an important role in the acquisition and operation of leased materials. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, the National Government actively sought economic and military assistance from foreign countries, especially the United States. With the subjective efforts of the national government and the interests of the United States itself, the policy towards China of the United States has changed from strict neutrality to providing leasehold aid. China's Defense supply Corporation came into being on the back of US loan aid to China. The National Defense supply Corporation of China began to prepare after the Rent Act was passed in March 1941. It was formally registered in May of the same year and was replaced by the China material supply Committee in July 1944. During its existence, the Chinese Government carried out almost all of its supplies in the United States: including the request under the Lease Act to establish good relations with all parties in the United States for more leased materials; Find ways to acquire transport equipment to improve transport capacity; promote hump routes and support Chen Nade for hump air transportation; lobby policy makers in the United States. To enable the United States Government to provide air support to China on a volunteer basis, to order aircraft and spare parts and equipment from the United States, to plan Chinese military training in India, the United States, and so on. Through the efforts of the China National Defense supply Corporation, a large number of leased materials have been obtained, which have played a role in improving China's transportation, equipping China's sea, land, and air forces. The Chinese National Defense supply Company was established in response to the need for war, and it has its own characteristics: because its fate is related to the relations between China and the United States, the personal relationship between the supreme leaders and even aid to China is closely related to the strength and weakness of anti-China forces. Defense supply companies are struggling to get the most out of America's leasehold in this complex network; Song Ziwen, who is in charge of the defense supply company by virtue of his diplomatic talent and good relations with the United States, has played a role in beheading the defense supply company. The United States has provided China with loan assistance, based on the Chinese Defense supply Company. China's aid to the United States is also returned. This paper makes a comprehensive study of the background, main work, outcome, characteristics and impact of the establishment of the China National Defense supply Company, hoping to enhance its understanding of the China National Defense supply Company. To understand and relive the Sino-American relations at the core of China Defense supply Company in wartime can be used for reference in today's Sino-American relations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K265

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