本文選題：抗日戰(zhàn)爭 + 知識青年�。� 參考：《重慶師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：抗戰(zhàn)末期，由國民政府發(fā)起，大多數(shù)具有愛國精神和民族意識的知識青年廣泛參與的十萬知識青年從軍運(yùn)動(dòng)，在當(dāng)時(shí)產(chǎn)生了重要的社會(huì)影響。這次運(yùn)動(dòng)的從軍青年以大、中學(xué)在校學(xué)生為主還包括部分公、教人員，尤其是女知識青年的參軍入伍，更開創(chuàng)我國兵役史上的先例。知識青年是社會(huì)的精英、國家的棟梁、民族的中堅(jiān)，在當(dāng)時(shí)也是一個(gè)免役或緩役的群體，他們的投筆從戎行為，為國民作了表率，轉(zhuǎn)變了當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)重文輕武的社會(huì)習(xí)俗，從一定意義上，實(shí)現(xiàn)了全民抗戰(zhàn)的局面�？箲�(zhàn)勝利后，青年軍即宣告復(fù)員，雖然青年軍失去了抗日遠(yuǎn)征，效命疆場的機(jī)會(huì)，但其在當(dāng)時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的巨大作用和影響是不容忽視的。 本文除了緒論和結(jié)語外，主要有三個(gè)部分： 第一部分，首先用國際和國內(nèi)兩個(gè)背景的鮮明對比來闡述當(dāng)時(shí)中國所處的緊張局勢，為國民政府發(fā)起從軍運(yùn)動(dòng)作鋪墊；其次論述從軍運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)起和相關(guān)文件的制定，來闡述以蔣介石為首的國民政府在發(fā)起從軍運(yùn)動(dòng)方面所做的相關(guān)工作；再次通過知識青年對待從軍運(yùn)動(dòng)前后的不同反應(yīng)，來分析知識青年從軍的心理。 第二部分，，較為詳細(xì)的論述了青年軍的組建、編練與復(fù)員。首先闡述青年軍軍事、政工干部中團(tuán)級以上干部的來源和一些相關(guān)訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容；其次論述青年軍士兵的征集標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、征集人數(shù)，青年軍的編制情況、駐地的戰(zhàn)略地位分析、編練內(nèi)容、編練效果以及抗戰(zhàn)勝利后青年軍要求復(fù)員、國民政府對青年軍復(fù)員工作的具體安排、復(fù)員青年軍的大致去向等。 第三部分，主要從提高軍隊(duì)素質(zhì)、增強(qiáng)反攻力量，激發(fā)前方士氣、鼓勵(lì)后方民氣、轉(zhuǎn)變社會(huì)風(fēng)氣，有助于緩解國外輿論批評、改變國際視聽來論述其積極意義；從政府當(dāng)局違背大多數(shù)從軍青年入伍的初衷強(qiáng)迫入黨入團(tuán)，以及少數(shù)從軍青年素質(zhì)較差、影響青年軍的整體形象來論述其消極影響，力求真實(shí)體現(xiàn)和客觀評價(jià)此次知識青年從軍運(yùn)動(dòng)。
[Abstract]:At the end of the Anti-Japanese War, initiated by the National Government and widely participated by most intellectual youth with patriotic spirit and national consciousness, 100,000 intellectual youth joined the military movement, which had an important social influence at that time. The army youth of this movement are big, middle school students mainly also include some public, teaching personnel, especially female intellectual youth enlisted in the army, which has set a precedent in the military service history of our country. The educated youth were the elite of society, the pillars of the country and the backbone of the nation. At that time, they were also a group exempted from servitude or delayed servitude. Their devotion to the military was an example to the people and changed the social custom of society at that time, which put more emphasis on literature than on military force. In a certain sense, the situation of the whole people's resistance was realized. After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, the youth army immediately declared its demobilization. Although the youth army lost the opportunity of the anti-Japanese expedition and served the field, its enormous role and influence at that time could not be ignored. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper has three main parts: In the first part, first of all, the sharp contrast between the international and domestic backgrounds is used to explain the tense situation that China was in at that time, so as to pave the way for the national government to launch the movement of joining the army; secondly, to discuss the initiation of the movement of joining the military and the formulation of relevant documents. In order to explain the relevant work of the national government headed by Jiang Jieshi in launching the movement of joining the army, the psychology of the educated youth is analyzed through the different reactions of the educated youth to the movement before and after the movement. The second part discusses the formation, training and demobilization of the youth army in detail. First of all, it expounds the sources and some related training contents of the cadres at and above the regiment level among the military and political cadres of the youth army, and then discusses the recruitment criteria, the number of recruits, the establishment of the youth army, and the strategic status of the site. The contents, the effect of the exercises, the demands of the youth army for demobilization after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the concrete arrangements of the National Government for the demobilization of the youth army, the general direction of the demobilization of the youth army, etc. The third part, mainly from improving the quality of the army, strengthening the counter-offensive forces, stimulating the morale of the front, encouraging the people in the rear, changing the social atmosphere, contributing to ease the criticism of foreign public opinion, changing the international audiovisual to discuss its positive significance; The negative effects are discussed from the point of view of the fact that the government authorities forced to join the Party and the regiment against the original intention of the majority of young people joining the army, and the poor quality of a few young people who joined the military, which affected the overall image of the youth army. Strive to truly reflect and objective evaluation of the intellectual youth to join the military movement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K265

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