本文選題：戴季陶 + 考詮��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：戴季陶擔(dān)任考試院院長(zhǎng)20年,對(duì)于建立國(guó)民政府的考銓制度提出了許多思想。本文選取其中幾個(gè)富有特色的方面進(jìn)行論述,或能給戴季陶研究提供一點(diǎn)新的信息。 第一章介紹戴季陶籌備建立考試院的情形,并對(duì)其建立和推進(jìn)考銓制度的若干措施進(jìn)行論述。 第二章研究了公職候選人考試的思想及其實(shí)踐,戴季陶認(rèn)為公職候選人考試是孫中山五權(quán)憲法的最重要的組成部分,是實(shí)現(xiàn)政權(quán)、治權(quán)區(qū)分的重要途徑,是考試權(quán)獨(dú)立的基礎(chǔ),是救治西方選舉弊端的最好辦法,必須堅(jiān)持。但考試院辦理公職候選人考試卻遭到許多勢(shì)力的反對(duì),困難重重,最后停止實(shí)施。 第三章研究保舉、考績(jī)、退撫及禮制思想。戴季陶對(duì)于孫中山一切官吏均須經(jīng)考試銓定資格的思想并不堅(jiān)持,鑒于當(dāng)時(shí)私人薦舉泛濫的情況,戴季陶主張?jiān)诳荚囍饨⒈Ｅe制度,對(duì)保舉人進(jìn)行限制,課以法律責(zé)任,規(guī)范保舉行為。戴季陶感嘆考試院的考績(jī)權(quán)猶如水上浮萍,對(duì)于各機(jī)關(guān)的人事情況考試院無(wú)從得知,考績(jī)之實(shí)施純粹建立在紙面文字上,根本不切實(shí)際,因此他主張進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的登記,摸清各機(jī)關(guān)的人事?tīng)顩r,然后考績(jī)工作才能有跡可循。退撫與禮制也是戴季陶考銓思想的一部分。 第四章探討考銓與教育。戴季陶主張文官考試的科目與程度應(yīng)該與學(xué)校課程相聯(lián)系,中等以上學(xué)校的畢業(yè)考試應(yīng)由考試院主持,并將其成績(jī)作為文官考試成績(jī)的一部分,博士學(xué)位由政府授予,考試院應(yīng)參與其間,實(shí)行獎(jiǎng)學(xué)考試以宏獎(jiǎng)學(xué)術(shù),將教育人員納入銓敘范圍以統(tǒng)制教育防范學(xué)潮。 第五章討論考銓與邊政。戴季陶制定考銓制度時(shí)常常有維護(hù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)一的思考。他的邊疆考試與銓敘思想及其實(shí)踐,既是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)科舉考試制度的繼承,亦是對(duì)英美等國(guó)公務(wù)員制度的借鑒,但又有鮮明的個(gè)人特色,總體上看有利于民族團(tuán)結(jié)和國(guó)家統(tǒng)一 第六章研究考試權(quán)方面的黨政關(guān)系。事務(wù)官的考銓依理依法都應(yīng)該由考試院掌理,但國(guó)民黨中常會(huì)多有破壞考試權(quán)之舉,為國(guó)民黨黨務(wù)工作人員和所謂革命有功人員提供從政的便利,甚至直接主持從政考試,選拔黨務(wù)工作人員從政,或辦理中央政治學(xué)校向政府機(jī)關(guān)分配經(jīng)過(guò)訓(xùn)練的國(guó)民黨黨員。這些行為基本出于臨時(shí)的或局部的考慮,很難說(shuō)體現(xiàn)了國(guó)民黨的整體利益。戴季陶及考試院對(duì)國(guó)民黨中央的做法并不認(rèn)同,也進(jìn)行過(guò)抗?fàn)?但結(jié)果大都以失敗告終。 綜合考察戴季陶的考銓思想及實(shí)踐,會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其總體上的一些特點(diǎn)。戴季陶的考銓思想的理論依據(jù)來(lái)源于孫中山的五權(quán)憲法中考試權(quán)獨(dú)立的論述,但考銓制度的邊政與教育的內(nèi)容,既是繼承了科舉制度的傳統(tǒng),也是戴季陶個(gè)人興趣的反映。戴季陶對(duì)于國(guó)民黨中央破壞考試權(quán)是不滿(mǎn)的,但為了維護(hù)國(guó)民黨中央的權(quán)威,維護(hù)以黨治國(guó)的體制,他又不愿撕破臉皮堅(jiān)決反抗。
[Abstract]:Dai Diao served as president of the examination institute for 20 years , and put forward many ideas for the establishment of the national government ' s examination system . Some of these characteristics are discussed in this paper , or some new information can be provided to the study of Dai Diao .


In the first chapter , the paper introduces the situation of the preparation and establishment of the examination house by Dai Jitao , and discusses some measures to set up and advance the system of examination and examination .


In the second chapter , the thought and practice of the examination of public office candidates are studied , and Dai Ji - tao thinks that the examination of public office candidates is the most important part of Sun Yat - sen ' s five - power constitution . It is the basis of the independence of examination power . It is the best way to cure the malpractice of western election . But it is necessary to persist in handling the malpractice of western election . However , the examination room has been rejected by many forces in the examination of public office candidates , which is difficult and difficult . Finally , it stops the implementation .


In the third chapter , the thought of holding , performance appraisal , pacification and gift - making should be studied . Dai - tao ' s idea of qualification of all officials in Sun Yat - sen should not be adhered to . In view of the prevailing situation of personal recommendation , Dai - tao advocated the establishment of a holding system outside the examination , which is not practical at all . Therefore , he advocated a large - scale registration , to find out the personnel status of various organs , and then to conduct performance appraisal to follow .


The fourth chapter discusses the examination and education . Dai Ji - tao advocates that the subject and degree of the official examination should be related to the school curriculum , and the graduation examination of the middle or higher school should be presided over by the examination institute , and the result of the examination should be granted by the government , and the examination institute should be involved in the examination , and the examination institute should participate in the academic examination of the award .


In the fifth chapter , the author discusses how to maintain the national unity in the setting of the system of examination and Quan Dai Tao . He is not only the inheritance of the traditional imperial examination system , but also the reference for the civil servant system of the United States and the United States , but also has distinct personal characteristics , which is in general favor of national unity and national unity .


Chapter 6 studies the relationship between the party and government in the examination power . The chief executive ' s compliance with the law should be held by the examination institute . However , the Kuomintang party often has the right to destroy the examination right . It is difficult to say that the whole interest of the Kuomintang is embodied directly by the Kuomintang party official and so - called revolutionary active personnel . These acts are basically temporary or local , and it is difficult to say that the general interests of the Kuomintang are embodied . Dai Jiedu and the examination house have not accepted the practice of the Central Committee of the National Party , but also fought against them , but the results mostly ended in failure .


In order to safeguard the authority of the Central Committee of the National Party and to safeguard the authority of the Central Committee of the National Party and to maintain the system of the ruling of the Party , he is unwilling to tear the face firmly against it .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K258

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