本文選題：袁世凱 + 華夷秩序　； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 近代中朝日三國(guó)關(guān)系,始終圍繞著日本對(duì)中朝間宗藩關(guān)系的挑戰(zhàn)而展開。因此,中日雙方的對(duì)朝政策問題,事實(shí)上也成為彼此間的外交問題。一方要推行既定的大陸政策,一方要鞏固帝國(guó)的東方防衛(wèi),當(dāng)日本的擴(kuò)張政策遭遇晚清帝國(guó)對(duì)自身安全和尊嚴(yán)最后的堅(jiān)守時(shí),雙方不可避免的展開一系列角逐。朝鮮則無疑成為雙方角力的舞臺(tái)。從壬午兵變清政府出兵朝鮮開始,到甲午戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之后被迫徹底放棄朝鮮為止,中日雙方圍繞朝鮮問題展開了一系列復(fù)雜的外交較量。 中日兩國(guó)在朝鮮的角逐,歷時(shí)十有二年。期間既有壬午、甲申年間的劍拔弩張,也有《天津條約》后的相對(duì)緩和。親歷其事的袁世凱,不僅是清政府對(duì)朝對(duì)日政策的實(shí)施者,在一定程度上也是對(duì)朝對(duì)日政策的參與制定者,其在朝鮮的活動(dòng)緊緊圍繞加強(qiáng)中朝宗藩關(guān)系、抵制日本勢(shì)力對(duì)朝鮮的控制兩項(xiàng)目的而展開。壬午兵變以后,面對(duì)中國(guó)在朝鮮優(yōu)勢(shì)軍事力量的存在,日本對(duì)朝政策轉(zhuǎn)入消極。中法戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)后,日本迅速調(diào)整了對(duì)朝政策,嘗試著對(duì)中朝宗藩關(guān)系的進(jìn)一步破壞。然而駐朝清軍的迅速出動(dòng),粉碎了日本的陰謀。 甲申事變以后,東亞的國(guó)際形勢(shì)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。英俄兩國(guó)在朝鮮對(duì)抗的加劇,引發(fā)了日本對(duì)自身安全和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益的擔(dān)憂。鑒于自身軍事準(zhǔn)備的不足,日本積極慫恿中國(guó)加強(qiáng)對(duì)朝鮮的控制。面對(duì)有利的國(guó)際形勢(shì),中國(guó)迅速調(diào)整了對(duì)朝政策。以大院君的釋回和袁世凱駐朝為契機(jī),中國(guó)的對(duì)朝政策更趨積極。然而,朝鮮逐漸增強(qiáng)的自主意識(shí),卻使得袁世凱鞏固中朝宗藩關(guān)系的努力帶來事與愿違的效果。盡管在袁世凱駐朝期間,朝鮮并沒有脫離中國(guó),但是日益增強(qiáng)的離心傾向事實(shí)上宣告了控制政策的失敗。 為了徹底解除中朝之間的宗藩關(guān)系,日本暫時(shí)放棄與清政府在朝鮮政治上的爭(zhēng)奪,專注于經(jīng)濟(jì)和軍事力量的積累,甚至不惜為此謀求與清政府的“合作”。當(dāng)所有的準(zhǔn)備工作完成以后,立即以戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的方式消除了中朝之間的宗藩關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:The relations between China, Korea and Japan in modern times have always revolved around Japan's challenge to the Suzerain-vassal relationship between China and Korea. Therefore, the issue of policy towards North Korea between China and Japan has in fact become a diplomatic issue for each other. One side wants to carry out the established mainland policy, the other side wants to strengthen the eastern defense of the empire, when Japan's expansionist policy meets the last adherence to its own security and dignity in the late Qing Dynasty, the two sides inevitably launch a series of competitions. North Korea, no doubt, has become a stage for the two sides to wrestle with each other. From the time when the Qing government sent troops to Korea, and until they were forced to abandon Korea completely after the Sino-Japanese War, China and Japan launched a series of complicated diplomatic contests over the Korean issue. The rivalry between China and Japan in North Korea lasted for ten to two years. During both non-Wu, Jia Shen years of tension, but also after the Treaty of Tianjin relative relaxation. Yuan Shikai, who has personally seen the issue, is not only the executor of the Qing government's policy towards Japan, but also the participating maker of the policy towards Japan to some extent. Its activities in North Korea are closely related to strengthening the relations between China and North Korea's suzerain-vassal state. A boycott of the two programs of Japanese control over North Korea. After the mutiny, Japan's policy toward North Korea turned negative in the face of China's superior military power in North Korea. After the outbreak of the Sino-French War, Japan quickly adjusted its policy towards North Korea and tried to further destroy the Suzerain-vassal relationship between China and North Korea. However, the rapid movement of the Qing troops in Korea shattered the Japanese plot. Great changes have taken place in the international situation in East Asia since the Jiashen incident. The intensifying confrontation between Britain and Russia in North Korea has raised concerns about Japan's security and long-term interests. In view of its inadequate military preparations, Japan has actively encouraged China to tighten its grip on North Korea. In the face of the favorable international situation, China quickly adjusted its policy towards the DPRK. China's policy toward North Korea has become more positive, taking the interpretation of the grand master and Yuan Shikai's presence in North Korea as an opportunity. However, North Korea's growing sense of autonomy has made Yuan Shikai's efforts to consolidate the Suzerain-vassal relationship backfired. Although North Korea did not leave China during Yuan Shikai's stay in North Korea, the growing centrifugal trend effectively declared a failure of control policy. In order to completely dissolve the suzerain-vassal relationship between China and North Korea, Japan temporarily abandoned the political struggle with the Qing government in Korea, focused on the accumulation of economic and military power, and even sought "cooperation" with the Qing government for this purpose. When all preparations were completed, the Suzerain-vassal relationship between China and North Korea was immediately eliminated by war.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：K256

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