本文選題：民國(guó) + 貴州　； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：貴州位于西南山區(qū),云貴高原東部,隆起于四川盆地、湖南丘陵和廣西丘陵之間,與鄰省形成巨大落差。境內(nèi)地表崎嶇不平,山高水長(zhǎng),地下溶洞遍布,形成“八山一水一分田”的特殊地理形勢(shì),加之社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)落后,使公路交通建設(shè)變得相當(dāng)困難。但是,民國(guó)時(shí)期貴州公路交通,在貴州民眾廣泛參與,不怕困難、不怕犧牲的配合下,以及政府技術(shù)、資金、政策等方面的支持下,取得了可喜的成果。從1927年開始進(jìn)行公路交通建設(shè),到1945年抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束,二十余年間,公路交通得到大大改善。先后修通干支線30余條,共計(jì)里程3300余公里,完成縣道4989.3公里,鄉(xiāng)村道13402余公里,連接省內(nèi)外大部分地區(qū),一躍成為西南地區(qū)重要的交通要道。隨著公路交通的發(fā)展和抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)局勢(shì)的變化,貴州行駛車輛逐漸增多,貴州省政府和國(guó)民政府公路交通部門加強(qiáng)了對(duì)這一地區(qū)公路交通的管理,各種管理機(jī)構(gòu)先后設(shè)置,管理職能不斷完善,相關(guān)公路交通管理制度逐漸建立起來,保障了公路運(yùn)輸“健康”、“有序”的運(yùn)行。公路交通建設(shè)的發(fā)展和公路交通管理機(jī)構(gòu)職能的擴(kuò)大及相關(guān)制度的建立,給貴州社會(huì)和抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)帶來了一系列的影響,推動(dòng)了貴州公路交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)、汽車修理業(yè)、汽車機(jī)械工業(yè)等相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)繁榮;同時(shí),保障了抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間工廠、物資、人員的順利內(nèi)遷及戰(zhàn)略物資的順利轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn),有效地支援了抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。文章分為五個(gè)部分:第一部分闡述了民國(guó)時(shí)期貴州的自然環(huán)境和社會(huì)環(huán)境,以分析其發(fā)展公路交通所面臨的困難,為下文打下基礎(chǔ)。第二部分面對(duì)第一部分所描述的自然社會(huì)環(huán)境,重點(diǎn)從政府力量和民間力量?jī)蓚�(gè)方面分析民國(guó)時(shí)期貴州公路交通得以克服困難,迅速發(fā)展的原因。政府方面,主要包括政府官員的倡導(dǎo)、提供技術(shù)指導(dǎo)、經(jīng)費(fèi)支持、推動(dòng)土地征收等;民眾方面,主要包括普通民眾廣泛參與和地方精英人士的倡導(dǎo)。第三部分介紹了民國(guó)時(shí)期貴州公路在初步發(fā)展、逐漸發(fā)展和快速完善階段期間的干支路修筑和整理情況。第四部分對(duì)民國(guó)時(shí)期貴州公路交通管理進(jìn)行論述。主要包括公路交通管理機(jī)構(gòu)的建立和行車安全、司機(jī)之管理等公路交通管理方面的內(nèi)容。第五部分從促進(jìn)貴州公路交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)及相關(guān)行業(yè)的繁榮和保障工廠、人員內(nèi)遷和戰(zhàn)略物資轉(zhuǎn)等方運(yùn)面對(duì)貴州公路交通發(fā)展的作用進(jìn)行論述。
[Abstract]:Guizhou is located in the southwest mountainous area, Yungui plateau east, uplift in Sichuan basin, Hunan hilly and Guangxi hilly, forming a huge gap with neighboring provinces. The terrain is rugged, the mountains are long, the underground caverns are all over, forming the special geographical situation of "eight mountains, one water and one field", and the social economy backwardness, make the highway traffic construction become quite difficult. However, in the period of the Republic of China, Guizhou highway traffic, with the support of the government technology, funds, policies and so on, has achieved gratifying results under the cooperation of the people in Guizhou, not afraid of difficulties and sacrifice. From the beginning of road traffic construction in 1927 to the end of the War of Resistance against Japan in 1945, the road traffic has been greatly improved in more than 20 years. More than 30 trunk branch lines have been repaired, with a total mileage of more than 3300 km, 4989.3 km of county road and 13402 km of rural road, connecting most areas inside and outside of the province, and has become an important traffic route in southwest China. With the development of highway traffic and changes in the situation of the Anti-Japanese War, the number of vehicles used in Guizhou gradually increased. The highway traffic department of the Guizhou Provincial Government and the National Government strengthened the management of highway traffic in this area, and various management agencies were set up successively. The management function is constantly perfected, and the related highway traffic management system is gradually established, which ensures the "healthy" and "orderly" operation of the highway transportation. The development of highway traffic construction, the expansion of the functions of highway traffic management organizations and the establishment of related systems have brought a series of influences to Guizhou society and the War of Resistance against Japan, and promoted the Guizhou highway transportation industry and automobile repair industry. At the same time, it ensured the smooth relocation of factories, materials and personnel and the smooth transit of strategic materials during the War of Resistance against Japan, which effectively supported the War of Resistance against Japan. The article is divided into five parts: the first part expounds the natural environment and social environment of Guizhou during the period of the Republic of China in order to analyze the difficulties it faces in developing highway traffic and lay a foundation for the following. Facing the natural social environment described in the first part, the second part focuses on analyzing the reasons why Guizhou highway traffic was able to overcome the difficulties and develop rapidly in the period of the Republic of China from two aspects: government power and folk power. The government mainly includes the advocacy of government officials, providing technical guidance, funding support, promoting land expropriation and so on; the populace mainly includes the broad participation of ordinary people and the advocacy of the local elite. The third part introduces the construction and arrangement of Qianzhi Road in the period of the initial development, gradual development and rapid improvement of Guizhou highway during the period of the Republic of China. The fourth part discusses the highway traffic management in Guizhou during the period of the Republic of China. Including the establishment of highway traffic management agencies and traffic safety, driver management and other aspects of highway traffic management. The fifth part discusses the functions of promoting the prosperity and protection of Guizhou highway transportation and related industries, moving people inside and transferring strategic materials to Guizhou highway traffic.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K26;F542.9

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