本文關(guān)鍵詞：晚清民夷沖突探析（1842-1900），，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

晚清民夷沖突探析（1842-1900）

晚清民夷沖突探析（1842-1900）

鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以降,國門洞開,中外民間沖突隨之陡增,先是以廣州紳民反入城斗爭為主要表現(xiàn)形式的民夷沖突,繼而是遍布全國的反洋教斗爭。對此,學(xué)術(shù)界給予了許多關(guān)注,有大量論文、專著問世�？v觀這些學(xué)術(shù)研究成果,既有對事件過程的爬梳整理,也有對事件理由的考察評析,還有對整體事件的歷史評價。但是,把晚清所有這些沖突作為一個整體,以資本主義世界性擴(kuò)張這一歷史必定趨勢為經(jīng),以官僚、士紳、中外政府的態(tài)度政策為緯,把所有歷史事件放在當(dāng)時的歷史大背景下加以考察評判,避開就事論事,用一個全新的理論視角去剖析沖突爆發(fā)的深層次理由,揭示民夷沖突的實(shí)質(zhì),目前尚缺乏這方面的探討。故而,本文試做一粗淺的嘗試,一方面想給沖突以合理的評價與歷史定位,另一方面則想以史為鑒,把這些歷史的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)轉(zhuǎn)化為歷史的智慧,在推動有中國特色的社會主義建設(shè)事業(yè)中,理性淺析淺析革新開放與國際交往中遇到的各種難題,正確處置,加快中國與世界的溝通與融合。目前學(xué)術(shù)界在晚清民夷沖突研究方面已經(jīng)有了相當(dāng)?shù)钠瘘c(diǎn),取得了諸多研究成果,但是同時也存在著不少的分歧與爭論,有鑒于此,本文在借鑒前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步挖掘與運(yùn)用了大量中外文史料,重點(diǎn)從以下幾個方面對晚清民夷沖突進(jìn)行了再次地研究與探討:一、針對目前學(xué)術(shù)界對廣州入城不足關(guān)注較多,但對與之密切相關(guān)的其它民間糾紛考察不夠的近況,本文對廣州民夷沖突進(jìn)行了比較全面的概述,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)闡釋了廣州民夷沖突不斷爆發(fā)的現(xiàn)實(shí)理由及文化心理根源;二、結(jié)合當(dāng)時的歷史發(fā)展趨勢,本文深入剖析了資本主義全球擴(kuò)張的歷史必定性與不可避開性,詳細(xì)考察了這一時期英國的對華務(wù)實(shí)外交政策以及大清王朝由此所作出的反應(yīng),并在此基礎(chǔ)上對廣州紳民的反英入城斗爭及民夷沖突作了比較深入的審視與反思。三、通過對中國官紳與民教沖突關(guān)系的考察,較為詳細(xì)地淺析淺析了中國官紳對民教沖突的鼓動與領(lǐng)導(dǎo),揭示了官紳仇教的文化心理根源;四、通過對傳教士與民教沖突關(guān)系的考察,比較深入地闡釋了基督教征服與資本擴(kuò)張的關(guān)系,重點(diǎn)探討了傳教士在實(shí)施基督教征服中國的過程中,對中國傳統(tǒng)社會秩序、禮俗信仰與官紳權(quán)威的打擊;五、比較詳細(xì)地考察了謠言的類型與內(nèi)容,揭示了謠言產(chǎn)生、流布的深層理由,并在此基礎(chǔ)上深入探討了謠言對民教沖突爆發(fā)的推波助瀾;最后,本文在對民教沖突深入淺析淺析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合民族性與時代性標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對民教沖突的歷史實(shí)質(zhì)進(jìn)行了較為深入地深思與反思。

【Abstract】 With china’s being forced to open his door after the opium war, a series of anti-foreign riots broke out all over the country, among of which, the most important is the canton people’s anti-city entering struggles and Chinese people’s anti- Christianity preaching struggles. For these conflicts, there have been many studies in the academic circles now, and most mainly analyzed the conflicts’process and reason from the points of the class struggle or culture conflict , but few from the capitalism expansion. So it is necessary to study these conflicts again from the capitalism expansion, which is the inevitably, unavoidably historical tendency that Late Qing government must face.This paper mainly analyzed the following subjects on the basis of lots of historical materials and many studies in print . First, brief statement of the conflicts in canton, and examination of the realistic and cultural reasons to cause the conflicts; second, unavoidability and inevitability of the capitalism expansion, British diplomatic policy in China and Late Qing Government’s reaction to them; third, leading role of the local officials and gentries in the conflicts, and the cultural reasons which they are hostile to the Christianity; fourth, relationship between the capitalism expansion and the Christianity conquest, and which brings the shock to the traditional belief, convention and the gentries’authority ; fifth, rumors’types and contents ,their producing and spreading reasons ,and their effects to the conflicts; at last, comments on the conflicts under the nationality-time standard, that is to say, as commenting on historical characters or events ,it must safeguard the national’s interests and, at the same time, conform to the time’s tendency.

【關(guān)鍵詞】 資本主義擴(kuò)張； 反入城斗爭； 民教沖突； 近代化；
【Key words】 Capitalism expansion； canton people’s anti-city entering struggles； Chinese people’s anti- Christianity preaching struggles； modernization；

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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：晚清民夷沖突探析（1842-1900），由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

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