本文選題：建國初期 + 知識分子��； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：知識分子的思想改造問題在黨的知識分子政策史上有著極為重要的地位。筆者著眼于建國初期知識分子思想改造運動這一歷史事件,介紹其發(fā)生的歷史背景,闡述其過程,剖析其發(fā)動的原因,并力求給以客觀的理性的評價。這場運動發(fā)生在戰(zhàn)爭與革命時代主題還在延續(xù)的建國初期,是社會大變革引發(fā)新舊思想文化激烈沖突的歷史環(huán)境下的產(chǎn)物,是在“團結(jié)、教育、改造”的知識分子政策的指導(dǎo)下進行的。從運動的宏觀發(fā)展來看,有一個逐步展開而漸次達到高潮的過程;從運動的微觀運作來看,經(jīng)歷思想動員、思想建設(shè)、思想總結(jié)和組織清理三個階段。馬克思列寧有關(guān)知識分子的論述、中共在知識分子階級屬性問題上的雙重界定、毛澤東關(guān)于知識分子的認(rèn)識提供了理論依據(jù);黨為了確立馬列主義在意識形態(tài)領(lǐng)域的指導(dǎo)地位、鞏固新生政權(quán)的需要、先進文化建設(shè)的需要和知識分子適應(yīng)新的政治文化生態(tài)環(huán)境、知識分子內(nèi)心普遍存在的原罪意識使他們有加強自身學(xué)習(xí)的需要是現(xiàn)實依據(jù)。對于這場運動我們應(yīng)該辯證地看待,從運動的效果來看總體上應(yīng)給予肯定。思想改造運動的開展,是符合知識分子本身和時代要求的、對于改造教師思想推動高等學(xué)校的改革以及以及知識分子通過學(xué)習(xí)改造,獲得前進的方向和力量從運動要求的過急過高,做法上粗暴、簡單化的“一刀切”;發(fā)動學(xué)生揭批教師,扭曲了師生關(guān)系;思想批判中,是非界限不清,存在泛意識形態(tài)化傾向;對知識分子階級屬性判斷的影響諸方面剖析運動所造成的負(fù)面影響。這場運動給予我們深刻的歷史啟示。
[Abstract]:The ideological reform of intellectuals plays an extremely important role in the history of the Party's intellectual policy. The author focuses on the historical event of intellectual ideological reform movement in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, introduces its historical background, expounds its process, analyzes the reasons for its initiation, and tries to give an objective and rational evaluation. This movement took place in the early days of the founding of the nation, when the theme of the war and revolution was still continuing. It was the product of a historical environment in which the great changes in society caused fierce conflicts between new and old ideas and cultures, and it was "unity, education," The reform was carried out under the guidance of the intellectual policy of "reform". From the macroscopic development of the movement, there is a process of gradual expansion and gradual climax, and from the microscopic operation of the movement, there are three stages: ideological mobilization, ideological construction, ideological summary and organizational clean-up. Marxism-Lenin 's exposition on intellectuals, the Communist Party's dual definition of the intellectual class attribute, Mao Zedong's understanding of intellectuals provides a theoretical basis; in order to establish the guiding position of Marxism-Leninism in the ideological field, The need of consolidating the new regime, the need of advanced cultural construction and the adaptation of intellectuals to the new political and cultural ecological environment, the common consciousness of original sin in intellectuals' heart makes them have the need to strengthen their own study is the realistic basis. We should treat this movement dialectically and affirm its effect as a whole. The development of the ideological reform movement is in line with the needs of the intellectuals themselves and the times. To obtain the direction and strength of moving forward from the requirements of the movement is too urgent and too high, the method is crude, simple "one size fits all"; arouse students to expose and criticize teachers, distorted the teacher-student relationship; in ideological criticism, the line between right and wrong is not clear. There exists the tendency of pan-ideology and the negative influence of the movement on the judgment of intellectual class attribute. This movement gives us profound historical enlightenment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K27

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