發(fā)布時間：2018-04-20 19:39

  本文選題：中國共產(chǎn)黨 + 中國國民黨　； 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：在中國共產(chǎn)黨歷史上的第一次國共合作與第二次國共合作分別發(fā)生在上個世紀(jì)的二十年代和三四十年代。第一次國共合作的歷史背景是半殖民地半封建社會的中國面臨著帝國主義與地方軍閥勾結(jié)下的殘酷剝削和壓榨。第二次國共合作的歷史背景是中國深受日本帝國主義的侵略。在近代中國兩次面臨國家滅亡、種族滅亡的危機(jī)時刻,中國政治舞臺上的兩大政黨在巨大的共同外來壓力面前需要團(tuán)結(jié)一致,致力于挽救水火之中的中國。具體來說,在上世紀(jì)二十年代需要結(jié)束軍事割據(jù)實(shí)現(xiàn)國家的統(tǒng)一,在三、四十年代必須抵御外來的侵略,挽救民族的危亡,完成近代半殖民地半封建社會的中國的一大歷史任務(wù)——求得民族獨(dú)立與人民解放。在兩次國共合作的過程中,以愛國主義為核心的民族精神無疑是兩次民族命運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)鍵因素。而中國人民對國家統(tǒng)一和民族獨(dú)立的追求是國共合作的推動因素。共同的民族利益及其它各方面利益的契合是政見不一的兩黨走在一起的根本因素,當(dāng)民族利益的威脅被解除時,兩黨的利益取向的分歧甚至對立則隨之突顯,兩黨所代表的階級利益的巨大分歧也必然導(dǎo)致兩黨走向分裂,合作失敗。在兩次合作的過程中,對于兩黨合作方式的選擇是在兩黨的政治力量較量之后所做出的必然選擇。分別在兩次合作過程中作為共同綱領(lǐng)或起著共同綱領(lǐng)作用的“新三民主義”、“抗日綱領(lǐng)”相當(dāng)于合作集體的群體規(guī)范,其壓力和作用是合作過程中解決兩黨沖突與加強(qiáng)兩黨合作的內(nèi)在因素。對兩次合作中建立的統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的維系能力與政黨的成熟度密切相關(guān),在第二次合作中,透過中國共產(chǎn)黨對統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的有力維系,我們明顯看到了中國共產(chǎn)黨的成熟。對兩次合作的過程,蘇俄、美國、英國等國際因素也有不同程度的干涉與影響,通過考察這些國家行為背后的因素,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)利益是決定國際行為的最大誘因。本論文通過對兩次合作的可能性、必然性,已及合作的最大行為動機(jī),對合作的整個過程進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)了一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)與教訓(xùn)。這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)與教訓(xùn)對因國共兩黨歷史上的紛爭而遺留的大陸與臺灣問題,對兩個政黨在新時期關(guān)系的發(fā)展及這種發(fā)展對解決兩岸關(guān)系問題和實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族的長遠(yuǎn)利益影響的思考具有現(xiàn)實(shí)的啟迪作用。另一方面,立足于歷史上兩黨的恩怨與現(xiàn)實(shí)上兩黨各自的發(fā)展及社會背景的變遷,我們也應(yīng)看到兩黨在現(xiàn)實(shí)中有繼承傳統(tǒng),重塑關(guān)系的可能性、必要性。同時,我們更應(yīng)正視現(xiàn)實(shí),對于國共關(guān)系重塑的平臺、方式等都應(yīng)做出相應(yīng)的變革,在當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)交流這一強(qiáng)大平臺的基礎(chǔ)之上,更多地去開拓與推進(jìn)其它平臺,采取兩岸都能接受的途徑和方法。民族的利益直接推進(jìn)了歷史上國共的兩次合作,新時期,國家的統(tǒng)一,中華民族的偉大復(fù)興同樣也是民族的利益,更是民族的長遠(yuǎn)利益,我們希望在這一利益的推動下能實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個政黨的再度合作,早日實(shí)現(xiàn)國家統(tǒng)一。
[Abstract]:The first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in the history of the Communist Party of China and the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party occurred in the 20s and 30s and 40s of the last century. The first historical background of the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was that China faced the cruel exploitation and squeeze under the collusion of imperialism and the local warlords in the semi colonial and semi feudal society. The second National Communist party cooperation. The historical background is that China is deeply invaded by Japanese imperialism. In the two times China faced the crisis of national perdition and racial destruction in modern times, the two political parties on the Chinese political stage need unity and unity in the face of huge common external pressures to save China in the water. Specifically, in the 20s of last century, it was necessary In order to end the military separatist and realize the unification of the state, in the three, 40s, we must resist foreign aggression, save the nation's peril, complete a great historical task of China in the semi colonial and semi feudal society in modern times - to seek national independence and people's liberation. In the process of the two Kuomintang communist cooperation, the national spirit with patriotism as the core The question is the key factor of the two national destiny. The Chinese people's pursuit of national unity and national independence is the driving force for the cooperation of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. The common national interests and other interests are the fundamental factors of the dissidents of the two parties. When the threat of national interests is lifted, the interests of the two parties are oriented. The differences and even opposition show that the great differences between the two parties will inevitably lead to the division of the two parties and the failure of cooperation. In the process of the two cooperation, the choice of the mode of cooperation between the two parties is an inevitable choice after the political strength of the two parties. In the course of the two cooperation, it is the common program. The "Anti Japanese programme" is equivalent to the group norm of the cooperative collective. The pressure and function of the "Anti Japanese programme" is the internal factor of solving the two party conflicts and strengthening the cooperation of the two parties in the process of cooperation. The strength of the maintenance of the United Front established in the two cooperation is closely related to the maturity of the party, and second times. In cooperation, through the strong maintenance of the United Front by the Communist Party of China, we have clearly seen the maturity of the Communist Party of China. The international factors such as the two cooperation process, Soviet Russia, the United States, the United Kingdom and other international factors have different degrees of interference and influence. Through the investigation of the factors behind the behavior of these countries, it can be found that the interests are the greatest decisions of international behavior. This paper analyzes the whole process of cooperation through the possibility, inevitability, and the greatest motive of cooperation between the two cooperation, and summarizes some experiences and lessons. These experiences and lessons are the development of the relations between the two parties in the new period and the problems of the mainland and Taiwan left over by the history of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. On the other hand, we should also see the possibility of inheriting the traditions and reconstructing the relationship between the two parties in reality, on the other hand, based on the historical bipartisan enmity and the changes in the development of the two parties and the social background of the two parties. At the same time, we should pay more attention to reality. We should make corresponding changes to the platform and way of remolding the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. On the basis of the powerful platform of current economic exchange, we should expand and promote other platforms and adopt the ways and means that both sides can accept. The interests of the nation have directly promoted the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in history. The two cooperation, the new period, the unification of the state and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation are also the interests of the nation, but also the long-term interests of the nation. We hope that, under the impetus of this interest, we can realize the re cooperation of the two parties and realize the reunification of the state as soon as possible.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K262

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本文編號：1779150