本文選題：甲午戰(zhàn)爭　切入點：平壤戰(zhàn)役　出處：《北京師范大學學報(社會科學版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：認真辨析相關史料,我們就會發(fā)現(xiàn),甲午戰(zhàn)爭研究中過去曾被定案的某些史實,如今似有重新提起討論的必要。以第一階段的平壤戰(zhàn)役為例。清軍前敵統(tǒng)帥葉志超稍作抵抗,便棄城逃回國內(nèi)。對此,學界的主流觀點是:當時平壤城內(nèi)軍儲充足,葉志超宣稱裝備不足,是為臨陣脫逃開脫罪責。然而認真檢討平壤城內(nèi)清軍彈藥給養(yǎng),可知,葉志超所陳并非虛言,清軍的確沒有做好備戰(zhàn)。再如,依克唐阿歷來被認為是怯戰(zhàn)將領,可史料顯示,他的部隊武器裝備之差,根本無法應對當時戰(zhàn)爭的需要。而徐邦道,歷來被認為是敢于抵抗的將領。可仔細考察便知,此人軍事素養(yǎng)較差,算不上稱職的將領,根本不能承擔前敵重任。說清政府要為甲午陸戰(zhàn)失敗承擔責任,這一點也不為過。但具體下來,究竟是政府中哪些人應該負責?要負怎樣的責任?甲午陸戰(zhàn)失敗是由于前線將領的貪生怕死?還是后方?jīng)Q策者的政策失誤?這些都需要對史料做艱苦的考索才能給予說明。
[Abstract]:Through careful analysis of relevant historical materials, we will find that some historical facts in the study of the Sino-Japanese War in the past that have been finalized in the past seem to need to be revisited now. Take the first stage of the Pyongyang campaign as an example. Ye Zhichao, former enemy commander-in-chief of the Qing army, slightly resisted. He abandoned the city and fled back to the country. In this regard, the mainstream view of the academic community was: at that time, there were sufficient military reserves in Pyongyang, and Ye Zhichao declared that he was not equipped enough to exonerate himself from the crime of escaping. However, a careful review of the supply of ammunition for the Qing army in Pyongyang shows that. Ye Zhichao's remarks are not false, and the Qing army really did not prepare for war. Again, Ike Tanga has always been regarded as a shyly general, but historical data show that his troops' weapons and equipment were not good enough to cope with the needs of the war at that time. And Xu Bangdao, He was always considered a general who dared to resist. But a careful examination showed that this man was not a competent general in military quality and could not bear the heavy responsibility of his former enemy. He said that the Qing government should bear the responsibility for the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War of 1895. It's not too much. But in particular, who in the government should be responsible? What is the responsibility? The defeat of the Sino-Japanese Army War was due to the fear of death of the front-line generals? Or the policy mistakes of policy makers in the rear? These all need to make a painstaking examination of historical data to give explanation.
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本文編號：1667627