發(fā)布時間：2018-03-21 08:56

  本文選題：呼海鐵路　切入點：東北自辦鐵路　出處：《東北師范大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：呼海鐵路是民國黑龍江省政府及民眾完全自主籌集資金、由中國人自行設計施工建設的一條民族自建鐵路。該路南端起自哈爾濱松花江北岸的馬家船口,途徑呼蘭、康金井、石人城、綏化、興隆鎮(zhèn)等地,一路向北終到黑龍江省腹地的海倫。關于修建呼海鐵路的動議自清末就早已有之。二十世紀伊始,面對沙俄通過中東路攫取東北財富、控制東北經濟命脈、意圖將東北地區(qū)殖民化的嚴峻形勢,為了與列強爭奪利權、維護民族獨立及領土完整,黑龍江的官員及民眾提出了修筑一條由哈爾濱江北馬家船口經呼蘭、綏化、海倫向北直達璦琿(今黑河)的鐵路的計劃,但囿于線路過于漫長、且籌款困難而未能成行。此后,黑龍江省議會又通過了先修筑由馬家船口至海倫間一段鐵路的決議,但由于籌款仍舊困難以及辛亥革命的爆發(fā),使得該路修建不了了之。此后十數年間,在經歷了被俄國逼迫簽訂俄亞合同以及被俄商謝吉斯兄弟蒙騙等坎坷和風波后,黑龍江省官民決心不假外國資本自行籌建呼海鐵路。1925年8月,呼海鐵路終于開始動工建設,在經歷了兩年多的施工后,于1927年12月全線通車。本文主要從三個部分來研究、介紹呼海鐵路的建設背景、施工過程以及對鐵路沿線地區(qū)的影響。本文的第一部分是呼海鐵路的建設背景。呼海鐵路之所以能夠最終開工敷設,主要是由于黑龍江省政府及民眾對于修建此路的強烈意愿,此種意愿一是為了抵抗列強對東北的經濟侵略,二是為了發(fā)展地方經濟、提高沿途民眾的經濟收入生活水平。此外還要仰賴東北地區(qū)在此前二十余年的鐵路建設中積累了寶貴的經驗、培養(yǎng)了相關專業(yè)人才。另外,吳俊升等政府官員的支持和推動也給呼海鐵路的建設提供了重要的幫助。本文的第二部分是呼海鐵路的建設過程。為了籌建呼海鐵路,黑龍江省政府先后成立了呼海鐵路總公司和呼海鐵路工程局兩大管理和運營機構,前者負責籌措資金,后者則主管具體施工事宜。本文的第三部分是呼海鐵路建成后的影響。呼海鐵路的開通,在一定程度上分割了中東鐵路的經濟利益,促進了沿線地區(qū)的經濟發(fā)展與城市化進程。此外,呼海鐵路的通車對于加強黑龍江省北部地區(qū)的治安、邊防,以及救助關內流民災民同樣具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:The Huhai Railway is a self-built railway designed and constructed by the Chinese people through the Heilongjiang Provincial Government and the public in the Republic of China. The southern end of the railway starts from the Ma Jia Chuankou on the north bank of the Songhua River in Harbin and passes through Hulan and Kangjin wells. Shiren City, Suihua, Xinglong Town, etc., all the way north to Helen in the hinterland of Heilongjiang Province. The motion on building the Huhai Railway has been in existence since the end of the Qing Dynasty. At the beginning of 20th century, facing the Czarist Russia to seize the wealth of the Northeast through the Middle East Road, In order to control the economic lifeline of the Northeast and to colonize the grim situation in the Northeast region, in order to compete with the powers for profit and to safeguard the national independence and territorial integrity, officials and people in Heilongjiang proposed to build a boat crossing Hulan from the northern part of the Harbin River through Hulan. Suihua, Helen's plan to go north to Aihui, but limited by the length of the line and the difficulty of raising funds, the Heilongjiang Provincial Parliament passed a resolution to build a railway from Majiakuankou to Helen first. However, because of the difficulties in raising funds and the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, the construction of the road was not completed. In the following ten years, after being forced by Russia to sign the Russia-Asia contract and cheated by the Russian businessmen and the brothers of the Zegius, In August 1925, the construction of the Huhai Railway finally began. After more than two years of construction, the railway was opened to traffic on December 1927. This paper mainly studies from three parts. This paper introduces the background of Huhai railway construction, the construction process and the influence on the area along the railway line. The first part of this paper is the background of the construction of the Huhai railway. Mainly because of the strong will of the Heilongjiang provincial government and the people to build this road, first to resist the economic aggression of the foreign powers against the northeast, and second, to develop the local economy. To improve the economic income and living standard of the people along the way. In addition, we have to rely on the valuable experience accumulated in the railway construction in the Northeast region in the past 20 years and the training of relevant professionals. In addition, The support and promotion of Wu Junsheng and other government officials also provided important help for the construction of the Huhai Railway. The second part of this paper is the construction process of the Huhai Railway. In order to prepare for the construction of the Huhai Railway, The Heilongjiang Provincial Government has successively established the Huhai Railway Corporation and the Huhai Railway Engineering Bureau, two major management and operational organizations. The former is responsible for raising funds. The latter is in charge of the specific construction matters. The third part of this paper is the influence of the Huhai Railway after its completion. The opening of the Huhai Railway, to a certain extent, divides the economic interests of the Middle East Railway. In addition, the opening of the Huhai Railway is also of great significance for strengthening public order, frontier defense and relief for displaced people in northern Heilongjiang Province.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K258

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前6條

1 崔建偉;關慶凡;;民國時期黑龍江地區(qū)的移民與農業(yè)發(fā)展[J];農業(yè)考古;2013年03期

2 鄧齊濱;;從“移民實邊”到屯墾“殖邊”——以黑龍江近代邊防法制為例[J];黑龍江史志;2009年01期

3 胡玉海;近代東北鐵路修筑權與鐵路借款的交涉[J];遼寧大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2004年03期

4 武偉,宋迎昌;論鐵路干線對沿線地區(qū)經濟開發(fā)的影響[J];經濟地理;1997年01期

5 吳菊英;東北地區(qū)現存民國鐵路檔案簡介[J];民國檔案;1996年02期

6 王化鈺;呼海路與呼蘭的經濟[J];北方文物;1992年02期

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 徐婷;鐵路與近代東北區(qū)域經濟變遷（1898-1931）[D];吉林大學;2015年

相關碩士學位論文 前5條

1 趙微微;吳俊升主政時期黑龍江鐵路建設及其影響研究[D];遼寧大學;2014年

2 朱亞辰;清末民初黑龍江區(qū)域城鎮(zhèn)的近代化研究[D];齊齊哈爾大學;2014年

3 張文楷;近代黑龍江地區(qū)災荒與民間救濟[D];哈爾濱師范大學;2013年

4 劉姝;東北鐵路學校對東北區(qū)域文化變遷的影響研究（1891-1945年）[D];黑龍江大學;2010年

5 孟曉光;民國初年東北官民自辦鐵路及對滿鐵鐵路的抵制[D];東北師范大學;2009年

，

本文編號：1643141