本文選題：“文化大革命”　切入點(diǎn)：曲阜　出處：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： “批林批孔”運(yùn)動是“文革”后期全國范圍內(nèi)開展的、強(qiáng)制推行“左”傾理論和實(shí)踐的一場政治運(yùn)動。其中,又尤以曲阜地區(qū)最具代表性。本論文即是以曲阜地區(qū)為視角,從“批林批孔”運(yùn)動的開場與當(dāng)?shù)孛癖姷姆磻?yīng)、開展的方式、內(nèi)容與特點(diǎn)和影響等方面對這場政治運(yùn)動詳加探究的。曲阜地區(qū)的“批林批孔”運(yùn)動是借“九·一三”林彪叛逃事件與周恩來批判極“左”思潮觸動“文化大革命”根基致使毛澤東思想逐漸“左”轉(zhuǎn)而傾法批儒之機(jī)爆發(fā)的。這場運(yùn)動在曲阜開場后,當(dāng)?shù)卮蠖鄶?shù)干部群眾對運(yùn)動的發(fā)動持消極乃至抵制的態(tài)度。迫于壓力,曲阜縣委及各級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)部門被迫采用舉辦政治夜校、開展批判會、展覽會、寫大字報(bào)、黑板報(bào)、建立圖書室、組建文藝宣傳隊(duì)和創(chuàng)作詩歌兒歌等方式推動運(yùn)動的開展。一方面,與全國其他地區(qū)一樣,曲阜地區(qū)的“批林批孔”運(yùn)動的主要內(nèi)容為批判林彪和孔子。另外,作為山東的特色,時(shí)任山東省委第二書記兼濟(jì)南軍區(qū)政委的袁升平則被當(dāng)做林彪在山東的代理人,予以批判。再者,對當(dāng)時(shí)社會上流行的否定“文革”的理論和做法也予以批判。另一方面,曲阜的這場運(yùn)動又有其特色。即缺乏群眾基礎(chǔ)、錯(cuò)把孔府當(dāng)孔子批、主力軍是知識分子而非工農(nóng)群眾、形式多種多樣和趨于應(yīng)付等�？v觀曲阜的“批林批孔”運(yùn)動,盡管它產(chǎn)生了較大影響,即加劇了極“左”思潮地蔓延,對生產(chǎn)、教育和文化都產(chǎn)生重大破壞等之外,但這未能改變?nèi)藗兂跏嫉牡种茟B(tài)度。從這一角度來看,毛澤東想借“批林批孔”運(yùn)動以批判儒家,宣揚(yáng)法家以維護(hù)“文化大革命”的目的并沒有實(shí)現(xiàn),江青圖謀借機(jī)批判周恩來以為其上臺“組閣”而掃清障礙的陰謀也沒能得逞。從這個(gè)角度講,“文革”已不得人心,人們普遍厭惡“批林批孔”運(yùn)動,正是在這樣的背景下,人們把希望寄托在以周恩來、鄧小平為首的老革命同志身上,這也為1975年鄧小平重新上臺以及后來的“四人幫”的倒臺奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的群眾基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The movement of "approving forests and criticizing holes" was carried out throughout the country in the late period of the Cultural Revolution. It was a political movement to enforce the theory and practice of "left-leaning". Among them, the Qufu area is the most representative one. This paper is based on the Qufu area as a visual angle. From the opening of the "grant forest and hole" movement and the reaction of the local people, the way in which it was carried out, The content, characteristics and influence of this political movement are deeply explored. The movement of "approving the forest and criticizing the hole" in Qufu region touched "cultural revolution" by means of the "9 路13" Lin Biao defection incident and Zhou Enlai's critique of the "left" trend of thought. The foundation of "fate" caused Mao Zedong's thought to gradually "left" and turn to the opportunity of criticizing Confucianism by the law. The movement began in Qufu. The majority of the local cadres and masses held a negative or even a boycott attitude towards the launching of the movement. Under pressure, the Qufu County Party Committee and its leading departments at all levels were forced to hold political evening schools, hold critical meetings, hold exhibitions, write big-character posters and blackboards. The establishment of the library, the establishment of literary and artistic propaganda teams and the creation of poetry and children's songs promoted the development of the movement. On the one hand, as in other parts of the country, the main content of the movement of "criticizing Lin Biao and Confucius" in Qufu was to criticize Lin Biao and Confucius. As a characteristic of Shandong, Yuan Shengping, then the second secretary of the Shandong Provincial CPC Committee and political commissar of the Jinan military region, was criticized as Lin Biao's agent in Shandong. On the other hand, this movement in Qufu also had its own characteristics. That is, the lack of mass base and mistaken Confucius as Confucius criticism, the main force is intellectuals, not workers and peasants. There are various forms and tend to cope. Throughout Qufu, the movement of "approving forests and approving holes" has had a great impact, that is, it has aggravated the spread of the "very left" trend of thought, and has caused great damage to production, education and culture. But this failed to change the initial resistance. From this point of view, Mao Zedong's attempt to criticize Confucianism and propagate the Legalists to safeguard the "Cultural Revolution" through the movement of "approving forests and criticizing Confucius" did not materialize. Jiang Qing's plot to take the opportunity to criticize Zhou Enlai for "forming a cabinet" and clearing up obstacles did not succeed. From this point of view, the "Cultural Revolution" has become unpopular, and people generally dislike the movement of "criticizing forests and criticizing Confucius." it is against this background that, People pinned their hopes on the old revolutionary comrades headed by Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping, which laid a solid mass foundation for Deng Xiaoping to return to power in 1975 and the fall of the Gang of four later.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K27

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 黃巍;“文革”時(shí)期女性形象政治化研究[D];首都師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1638878