本文選題：廣州國民政府　切入點(diǎn)：武漢國民政府　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 孫中山的三民主義有一個發(fā)展的過程,孫中山在最初的三民主義中提出了民族主義、民生主義和民主主義。民族主義以解決中國的獨(dú)立問題,民生主義以解決中國的富強(qiáng)問題,民主主義以解決中國的民主問題,后來在共產(chǎn)國際和中國共產(chǎn)黨的幫助下,孫中山對三民主義進(jìn)行了重新的解釋,把舊三民主義發(fā)展成新三民主義,廣州、武漢國民政府是在國共合作這一大背景下形成的,廣州、武漢國民政府在外交上以孫中山的三民主義特別是民族主義為指導(dǎo),形成了激烈型的革命外交政策。廣州、武漢國民政府在革命外交政策的指導(dǎo)下與以英國為代表的列強(qiáng)進(jìn)行了斗爭,爭取到了一些權(quán)益,例如收回海關(guān)附加稅,收回了漢口、九江英租界等。 南京國民政府初期也以孫中山的三民主義特別是民族主義為指導(dǎo),在外交部長王正廷的主持下,圍繞廢除不平等條約開展了一場溫和型的革命外交運(yùn)動。南京國民政府首先和列強(qiáng)就關(guān)稅主權(quán)進(jìn)行了交涉,由于英、美等列強(qiáng)已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備給予中國關(guān)稅主權(quán),所以南京國民政府迅速和英、美等列強(qiáng)簽訂了給予中國關(guān)稅主權(quán)的新的關(guān)稅條約,但日本表示反對。在其他列強(qiáng)已經(jīng)給予中國關(guān)稅主權(quán)的情況下,經(jīng)過中日雙方的艱難談判,日本終于同意給予中國關(guān)稅主權(quán)。在領(lǐng)事裁判權(quán)談判中,開始列強(qiáng)采取拖延談判的辦法,在國民政府特令發(fā)布后,談判加速,正當(dāng)領(lǐng)事裁判權(quán)談判出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折的時候,日本發(fā)動了九一八事件,領(lǐng)事裁判權(quán)談判被迫暫時停止。另外南京國民政府通過和列強(qiáng)的談判收回了天津比利時租界、鎮(zhèn)江和廈門的英租界等租界�？傊�,經(jīng)過和列強(qiáng)的艱苦談判,南京國民政府收回了關(guān)稅主權(quán),收回了部分租界與租借地等,但南京國民政府初期的這場外交運(yùn)動也具有不徹底性。
[Abstract]:Sun Zhongshan's three people's principles have a process of development. In the initial three people's principles, Sun Zhongshan put forward nationalism, people's livelihood and democracy, nationalism to solve China's independence problem, and people's livelihood doctrine to solve China's problem of prosperity and strength. Democracy solved China's democratic problems. Later, with the help of the Communist International and the CPC, Sun Zhongshan reinterpreted the three people's principles and developed the old three people's principles into the new three people's principles, Guangzhou. The National Government of Wuhan was formed under the background of the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. In its diplomacy, the National Government of Guangzhou and Wuhan, guided by Sun Zhongshan's three people's principles, especially nationalism, formed a revolutionary foreign policy of a fierce nature. Under the guidance of revolutionary foreign policy, Wuhan National Government fought against the Great Powers represented by Britain and gained some rights and interests, such as collecting the additional customs tax, recovering Hankou and Jiujiang British concession and so on. In the early days, the Nanjing National Government was also guided by Sun Zhongshan's three people's principles, especially nationalism, under the auspices of Foreign Minister Wang Zhengting. A moderate revolutionary diplomatic campaign was launched around the abolition of unequal treaties. The Nanjing National Government first negotiated with the foreign powers on tariff sovereignty, as Britain, the United States and other powers were ready to grant China tariff sovereignty. Therefore, the Nanjing National Government quickly signed a new tariff treaty with Britain, the United States and other foreign powers to grant China tariff sovereignty, but Japan expressed its opposition. Under the circumstances that other powers have already granted China tariff sovereignty, after difficult negotiations between China and Japan, Japan finally agreed to grant China tariff sovereignty. In the negotiation of consular jurisdiction, the powers began to adopt the method of delaying the negotiations. After the special order of the National Government was issued, the negotiations accelerated, while the negotiation of consular jurisdiction took a turning point. Japan launched the 918 incident, and the negotiations on consular jurisdiction were temporarily suspended. In addition, through negotiations with foreign powers, the Nanjing National Government withdrew concessions such as the Belgian concession in Tianjin, the British concession in Zhenjiang and Xiamen, etc. In short, After hard negotiation with the great powers, the Nanjing National Government withdrew its tariff sovereignty and some concessions and leased lands, but the diplomatic movement in the initial period of the Nanjing National Government was not thorough.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K263

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