本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國(guó)農(nóng)民銀行西安分行農(nóng)貸研究（1934-1945年）　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：中國(guó)農(nóng)民銀行西安分行作為國(guó)民政府在陜西推行農(nóng)業(yè)貸款的正統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu),自建立起就按照國(guó)民政府農(nóng)業(yè)金融政策和總行有關(guān)規(guī)定,始終將農(nóng)業(yè)貸款作為主要業(yè)務(wù),為救濟(jì)陜西農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)、改善陜西農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)條件、增強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)能力作出了重要貢獻(xiàn),尤其為抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的物資供應(yīng)提供了有力保障。但迄今為止,學(xué)術(shù)界還沒有對(duì)中國(guó)農(nóng)民銀行西安分行的農(nóng)貸業(yè)務(wù)做過(guò)全面系統(tǒng)的研究,所以,本文將利用陜西省檔案館所藏的有關(guān)中國(guó)農(nóng)民銀行西安分行的檔案資料,對(duì)1934——1945年間西安分行在陜西推行農(nóng)貸的過(guò)程進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析,以揭示西安分行農(nóng)貸的特點(diǎn)和作用,并為當(dāng)前我國(guó)農(nóng)村金融體系的建設(shè)提供借鑒。 本文分為緒論、正文、結(jié)語(yǔ)三部分。緒論部分為第一章,主要闡明對(duì)西安分行農(nóng)貸業(yè)務(wù)研究的意義和價(jià)值,概述當(dāng)前學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)陜西農(nóng)村金融、中國(guó)農(nóng)民銀行、農(nóng)貸業(yè)務(wù)的研究現(xiàn)狀,說(shuō)明本文的研究方法、特色和思路以及要解決的問題。第二章至第五章為文章的正文,第二章主要介紹中國(guó)農(nóng)民銀行西安分行在陜西推行農(nóng)貸的背景,包括20世紀(jì)30年代陜西農(nóng)村社會(huì)背景和西安分行農(nóng)貸系統(tǒng)的建立情況。第三章主要分析1934——1939年西安分行農(nóng)貸推行情況,通過(guò)對(duì)放款區(qū)域、對(duì)象、種類、程序及具體放款情況的敘述,結(jié)合當(dāng)時(shí)陜西農(nóng)村信用合作社辦理農(nóng)貸業(yè)務(wù)的調(diào)查資料,揭示西安分行的農(nóng)貸在救濟(jì)階段的特征。第四章分析1940-—1945年的農(nóng)貸推行情況,揭示抗戰(zhàn)建設(shè)時(shí)期四聯(lián)總處統(tǒng)一管理下西安分行農(nóng)貸業(yè)務(wù)的特點(diǎn)。第五章對(duì)19341945年間西安分行推行的農(nóng)貸業(yè)務(wù)作出評(píng)價(jià),并對(duì)當(dāng)前我國(guó)農(nóng)村金融體系的完善提出建議。結(jié)語(yǔ)部分是對(duì)本項(xiàng)研究的綜合評(píng)述。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),西安分行自成立以來(lái),嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行國(guó)民政府的農(nóng)業(yè)金融政策和總行的農(nóng)貸規(guī)定,1934年——1939年開展了以救濟(jì)陜西農(nóng)村為主要任務(wù)的農(nóng)貸業(yè)務(wù),先后發(fā)放了合作社信用貸款、棉花產(chǎn)銷貸款、抵押貸款、儲(chǔ)押貸款和陜北邊區(qū)救濟(jì)貸款,為陜西農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。1940年后西安分行按照國(guó)民政府推行的戰(zhàn)時(shí)金融政策和四聯(lián)總處制定的農(nóng)貸方針,以“增加糧食生產(chǎn)”為中心,組織發(fā)放貸款,支持修筑褒惠渠等六項(xiàng)大型水利工程,極大地改善了陜西農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的基礎(chǔ)條件；同時(shí)推廣優(yōu)質(zhì)麥種和棉種,糧棉產(chǎn)量顯著增加,使陜西成為當(dāng)時(shí)大后方的主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給省份,為抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利提供了重要的物質(zhì)保障。然而,受當(dāng)時(shí)歷史條件的局限,加上農(nóng)貸人才的缺乏、農(nóng)民金融知識(shí)的欠缺,農(nóng)貸效果并沒有充分發(fā)揮出來(lái)。特別是1937年以后,因受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境影響,物價(jià)上漲的速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)農(nóng)貸額度增加的速度,貸款額度與農(nóng)民的需求呈現(xiàn)出一定的差距,使農(nóng)貸效益幾乎被淹沒。因此,當(dāng)前我國(guó)在完善農(nóng)村金融體系的過(guò)程中,應(yīng)該以史為鑒,取長(zhǎng)避短,為農(nóng)村金融建設(shè)輸送優(yōu)秀人才,在廣大農(nóng)村大力普及金融知識(shí)；盡力避免中國(guó)農(nóng)民銀行西安分行農(nóng)貸模式中存在的缺陷,建立健全農(nóng)村信用貸款體系；借鑒當(dāng)時(shí)推行的農(nóng)業(yè)推廣貸款的做法,在當(dāng)前農(nóng)村信用社貸款種類中增加“農(nóng)業(yè)推廣貸款”,鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民積極使用推廣農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù),加快脫貧致富步伐。
[Abstract]:The farmers' Bank of Xi'an branch Chinese as the legitimate national government to carry out the agricultural financial institutions of agricultural loans in Shaanxi, since the establishment of the national government in accordance with the relevant provisions of the agricultural financial policy and the head office, and always will be the agricultural loans as the main business, for the relief of Shaanxi rural economy, improving agricultural production conditions in Shaanxi, made an important contribution to enhance the capacity of agricultural production. In particular, provide a strong guarantee for war supplies. But so far, the academic circles have not on the Farmers Bank of Xi'an branch of the agricultural business Chinese studied systematically in this paper, the use of the archives of Shaanxi province in the Xi'an branch of the bank Chinese farmers' archives, carries on the system analysis process 1934 - 1945 Xi'an branch in Shaanxi implementation of agricultural credit, in order to reveal the characteristics and functions of Xi'an branch of agricultural credit, and for the current rural gold The construction of the melting system can be used for reference.
This paper is divided into introduction, body, conclusion of three parts. The first chapter is introduction, mainly expounds the significance and value of agricultural credit business in Xi'an branch, an overview of the current academic circles on Shaanxi rural finance, farmers bank Chinese, research status of agricultural credit business, explains the research method of this thesis, the characteristics and ideas and problems to be solved the second chapter to the fifth chapter. The text of the article, the second chapter mainly introduces the Farmers Bank of Xi'an branch of agricultural China implementation background in Shaanxi, including the establishment of Shaanxi in the 1930s rural social background and Xi'an branch of agricultural credit system. The third chapter mainly analyzes the 1934 - 1939 Xi'an branch loan implementation through the lending area, object types the program and the specific loan situation described, combining with the investigation data at the time of the Shaanxi rural credit cooperatives for agricultural credit business, reveals the Xi'an branch loan in rescue The economic characteristic of the stage. The fourth chapter analysis of 1940- - 1945 nongdai implementation, reveal the characteristics of HFJB construction period under the unified management of the Xi'an branch of agricultural credit business. The fifth chapter makes an evaluation on the 19341945 years of implementation of the Xi'an branch of the agricultural credit business, and put forward some suggestions to improve the rural financial system in China. The conclusion part is comprehensive comment on the study.
The study found that the Xi'an branch since its inception, the strict implementation of the national government's agricultural financial policy and the head office of the agricultural credit regulations, 1934 - 1939 in order to carry out the relief in rural areas of Shaanxi as the main task of the agricultural business, has issued credit cooperatives, cotton production and marketing loans, mortgage loans, and the reservoir in Northern Shaanxi relief loans for Shaanxi rural economic recovery has made important contributions to.1940 years after the Xi'an branch in accordance with the development of national government to carry out the wartime financial policy and HFJB agricultural credit policy, to increase grain production "as the center, the organization of loans, support the construction of six large Bao Hui canal water conservancy project, greatly improve the basic conditions for agricultural production Shaanxi; at the same time to promote the quality of wheat and cotton, cotton and grain yield increased significantly, so that Shaanxi became the main agricultural products in the rear supply provinces, for the Anti Japanese War Provides important material guarantee for the victory. However, due to the limitations of historical conditions at that time, the lack of agricultural loans plus farmers financial talents, lack of knowledge, the effect of agricultural loans are not fully developed. Especially after 1937, due to the environmental impact of war, the speed of rising prices is far more than the amount of loans increased speed the loan amount and the needs of farmers showing a certain gap, the benefits of agricultural loans was almost submerged. Therefore, China should learn from history in the process of improving the rural financial system, and learn from others, talents for the construction of rural finance, promote financial knowledge in rural areas; to avoid the defects of the farmers' Bank of Xi'an China branch of agricultural credit model, and establish a sound system of rural credit loans; then the implementation of the agricultural extension from lending practices in the current rural credit cooperatives loan category increased Add the "agricultural extension loan" to encourage farmers to actively use and popularize agricultural science and technology to accelerate the pace of poverty alleviation and getting rich.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：K26;F832.9

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