一體與多元：清代新疆法律研究（1759-1911年）
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-15 11:32
【摘要】：清代承襲并發(fā)展了漢唐以來的經(jīng)驗(yàn),對新疆地區(qū)的治理更為深入與廣泛,民族立法與法律治理方面尤其突出,其得失足資后世之治。由于復(fù)雜的地理與人文等因素,清代統(tǒng)一新疆后采取因俗而治的政策,新疆地區(qū)國家制定法、宗教法以及習(xí)慣法同時并存,形成法律體系及司法實(shí)踐的一體與多元格局。一體之下多元并存,多元法律寓于一體,成為清代新疆法律發(fā)展的基本脈絡(luò)和突出特點(diǎn)。 論文分導(dǎo)論、論文主體與結(jié)論三部分。 導(dǎo)論部分主要包括:論文的研究緣起、主題與框架;與論題相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究述評及本論文的研究意義與價值;論文的研究范圍、基本概念與資料的說明。 論文主體部分共分六章。論文前三章主要從法律淵源、司法體系、基層控制三個角度展現(xiàn)清代新疆法律“一體與多元”的實(shí)態(tài),第四章則以檔案資料為主論述清代新疆以政府為主導(dǎo)的法律的一體化構(gòu)建。第五章重點(diǎn)分析清代新疆法律“一體與多元”格局形成與發(fā)展的歷史淵源以及政治基礎(chǔ)與法理依據(jù)。第六章就清代新疆法律的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)與理論價值展開論述。實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)是對清代新疆法律治理的歷史反思。理論價值部分則是以“一體與多元”為主線的清代新疆法律研究在理論方向的進(jìn)一步延展,是從清代新疆法律這個中觀層面與地域法角度出發(fā)對中華法系、民間法以及法律多元等問題作出的重新審視與檢討。 結(jié)論部分為論文基本觀點(diǎn)的概括與總結(jié): 1.清代新疆法律是傳統(tǒng)中國多元法律文化之豐富內(nèi)涵在邊疆多民族地區(qū)的具體體現(xiàn),是清代法律的重要組成內(nèi)容。 2.清代新疆軍府制時期的法律基本是民族、地域、宗教文化三者合一制度安排與權(quán)力配置下的板塊式的多元。 3.清代新疆法律是以國家制定法為主體的內(nèi)部多元異質(zhì)的法律制度及運(yùn)作體系。較為突出的表現(xiàn)為伊斯蘭教法與國家制定法之間的差異。 4.清代新疆多元法律的一體化構(gòu)建以新疆建省為分界呈動態(tài)變化。建省后板塊式的多元格局逐步被打破,法律一體化進(jìn)程有所推進(jìn),文化意義上的一體化構(gòu)建逐漸起步。 5.在同一政治框架之下以國家制定法為主導(dǎo),以大一統(tǒng)為價值目標(biāo),多元法律之間相互協(xié)調(diào)形成一個整體始終是清代新疆法律的發(fā)展方向與趨勢。
[Abstract]:The Qing Dynasty inherited and developed the experience since Han and Tang dynasties, and the governance of Xinjiang region was more in-depth and extensive, especially in the aspects of national legislation and legal governance, and its gains and losses in the governance of future generations. Due to the complicated geographical and humanistic factors, after the unification of Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty, the policy of governing according to customs was adopted. The law, religious law and customary law of Xinjiang region coexisted at the same time, and formed a whole and pluralistic pattern of legal system and judicial practice. The coexistence of multi-elements and multi-laws in one became the basic vein and outstanding characteristics of the development of Xinjiang law in Qing Dynasty. The thesis is divided into three parts: the main body and the conclusion. The introduction mainly includes: the origin of the research, the theme and the frame; the review of the research related to the topic and the significance and value of this paper; the scope of the research, the basic concepts and the explanation of the data. The main part of the thesis is divided into six chapters. The first three chapters of the thesis mainly show the reality of "unity and pluralism" of Xinjiang law in Qing Dynasty from three angles: legal origin, judicial system and grass-roots control. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the integration of government-led laws in Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty. The fifth chapter focuses on the historical origin, political basis and legal basis of the formation and development of "one and multiple" pattern of Xinjiang law in Qing Dynasty. The sixth chapter discusses the practical experience and theoretical value of Xinjiang law in Qing Dynasty. Practical experience is a historical reflection on the legal governance of Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty. The theoretical value part is the further extension of the theoretical direction of the Qing Dynasty law research in Xinjiang, which is based on the main line of "integration and pluralism". It is to the Chinese legal system from the perspective of Xinjiang law of the Qing Dynasty, which is the meso-level and regional law. Folk law and multi-legal issues such as re-examination and review. The conclusion part is the summary and summary of the basic point of view of the thesis: 1. The law of Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty is the rich connotation of traditional Chinese multi-legal culture. It is also an important part of the law of Qing Dynasty. 2. The law of Xinjiang military administration system in Qing Dynasty is basically the multi-element of the system arrangement and power allocation of nationality, region, religion and culture in one-in-one system. 3. The law of Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty is a pluralistic and heterogeneous internal legal system and operation system, which takes state-made law as the main body. The prominent manifestation is the difference between sharia law and national legislation. 4. In Qing Dynasty, the integration of multi-laws in Xinjiang changed dynamically with the establishment of Xinjiang Province as the boundary. After the establishment of the province, the multi-pattern of plate type has been gradually broken, the process of legal integration has been promoted, and the construction of integration in the sense of culture has begun gradually. 5. Under the same political framework, it is always the direction and trend of Xinjiang law development in Qing Dynasty to take the law-making of the state as the leading factor, take the unity as the value goal, and coordinate each other to form a whole of the laws in Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K249
本文編號：2458108
[Abstract]:The Qing Dynasty inherited and developed the experience since Han and Tang dynasties, and the governance of Xinjiang region was more in-depth and extensive, especially in the aspects of national legislation and legal governance, and its gains and losses in the governance of future generations. Due to the complicated geographical and humanistic factors, after the unification of Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty, the policy of governing according to customs was adopted. The law, religious law and customary law of Xinjiang region coexisted at the same time, and formed a whole and pluralistic pattern of legal system and judicial practice. The coexistence of multi-elements and multi-laws in one became the basic vein and outstanding characteristics of the development of Xinjiang law in Qing Dynasty. The thesis is divided into three parts: the main body and the conclusion. The introduction mainly includes: the origin of the research, the theme and the frame; the review of the research related to the topic and the significance and value of this paper; the scope of the research, the basic concepts and the explanation of the data. The main part of the thesis is divided into six chapters. The first three chapters of the thesis mainly show the reality of "unity and pluralism" of Xinjiang law in Qing Dynasty from three angles: legal origin, judicial system and grass-roots control. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the integration of government-led laws in Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty. The fifth chapter focuses on the historical origin, political basis and legal basis of the formation and development of "one and multiple" pattern of Xinjiang law in Qing Dynasty. The sixth chapter discusses the practical experience and theoretical value of Xinjiang law in Qing Dynasty. Practical experience is a historical reflection on the legal governance of Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty. The theoretical value part is the further extension of the theoretical direction of the Qing Dynasty law research in Xinjiang, which is based on the main line of "integration and pluralism". It is to the Chinese legal system from the perspective of Xinjiang law of the Qing Dynasty, which is the meso-level and regional law. Folk law and multi-legal issues such as re-examination and review. The conclusion part is the summary and summary of the basic point of view of the thesis: 1. The law of Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty is the rich connotation of traditional Chinese multi-legal culture. It is also an important part of the law of Qing Dynasty. 2. The law of Xinjiang military administration system in Qing Dynasty is basically the multi-element of the system arrangement and power allocation of nationality, region, religion and culture in one-in-one system. 3. The law of Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty is a pluralistic and heterogeneous internal legal system and operation system, which takes state-made law as the main body. The prominent manifestation is the difference between sharia law and national legislation. 4. In Qing Dynasty, the integration of multi-laws in Xinjiang changed dynamically with the establishment of Xinjiang Province as the boundary. After the establishment of the province, the multi-pattern of plate type has been gradually broken, the process of legal integration has been promoted, and the construction of integration in the sense of culture has begun gradually. 5. Under the same political framework, it is always the direction and trend of Xinjiang law development in Qing Dynasty to take the law-making of the state as the leading factor, take the unity as the value goal, and coordinate each other to form a whole of the laws in Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K249
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