清代新疆政治中心的轉(zhuǎn)移
[Abstract]:In the 24 years of Qianlong (1759), the Qing government leveled Junggar, unified Xinjiang, and established a military administration system in which generals were stationed in Huiyuan City in Yili, where they became the political center of Xinjiang. In the middle of the 19th century, the popular uprising and the invasion of Xinjiang by Russian and Russian forces seriously jeopardized the Qing government's rule over Xinjiang. After Xinjiang recovered, Guang Xu ten years (1884) Xinjiang Province, the provincial capital in Urumqi. This paper makes a comparative study on the formation background and basic contents of the Qing government's policy of governing Xinjiang after the unification of Xinjiang, and probes into the process of the transfer of Xinjiang's political and economic center as well as the general law of the reform of the local political system of the ethnic groups in the border areas. The first part mainly discusses the formation background, basic contents and limitations of the Qing government's policy of governing Xinjiang after the unification of Xinjiang. This chapter holds that the Qing government implemented the policy of governing Xinjiang with military administration system as the leading factor after the reunification of Xinjiang, which adapted to the special social and historical situation and the background of the times in Xinjiang at that time. To a great extent, the relationship between the local interest groups in Xinjiang has been well integrated and tends to a temporary balance. The local society in Xinjiang has been relatively stable for nearly a hundred years, which is objectively conducive to maintaining the unity of the country and the security of the border areas. However, along with the ruling crisis in the Qing government, the malpractice of the policy of governing Xinjiang with the military government system as the leading factor became more and more obvious, which broke the balance of the local social interests in Xinjiang and gradually lost the effectiveness of effective political control. The second part mainly discusses the development of Urumqi into an important political and economic center next to Yili in the early Qing Dynasty. This chapter believes that the Qing government Pingding Junggar insurgency, because Urumqi is located in the town, naturally become one of the key towns stationed in Tuntian. After 20 years of operation, Urumqi economic development, political status improvement. It laid a foundation for the transfer of the political center of Xinjiang in the 1880's. The third part mainly discusses the growing frontier crisis in the 19th century, forcing the Qing government to reform its original policy of governing Xinjiang. At the same time, the establishment of Xinjiang Province, the political center of Xinjiang to achieve the transfer. This chapter points out that the 19th century western frontier crisis caused by the invasion of Xinjiang and Russian occupation by Russia made the political center Ili the frontier and the economic decline in the 19th century, which resulted in the invasion of Xinjiang and Russian occupation of Ili in the 19th century. The occupation of Xinjiang by the aggressors for ten years, the old system disappeared. In order to ensure the long-term stability of Xinjiang and safeguard the integrity of national territorial sovereignty. Guang Xu ten years (1884) Xinjiang Province, Xinjiang political domination center transferred from Yili to Urumqi. The two are mutual cause and effect. The transfer of the political center in Xinjiang is related to the transformation of the political system in Xinjiang. Its positive significance shows that the reform of the local political system of the border nationalities must take the overall interests of the Chinese nation as the fundamental starting point and final destination, and whether it is conducive to the stability of the border areas, national unity and the reunification of the motherland as the basic principles. Moreover, it should conform to the objective reality of the border ethnic areas, adapt to local conditions, and keep pace with the times. Only in this way can the unity of the country be coordinated with the development of the ethnic areas in the border areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2007
【分類號】:K249
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