【摘要】：經(jīng)筵，是指漢唐以來(lái)帝王為講經(jīng)論史而特設(shè)的御前講席。它在宋代正式制度化，為元、明、清歷代所沿襲。 經(jīng)筵制度在清代持續(xù)時(shí)間很長(zhǎng)。單就狹義的“經(jīng)筵典禮”而言，順治十四年(1657)首開(kāi)經(jīng)筵，至咸豐十年(1860)最后一次舉行經(jīng)筵大典，持續(xù)二百余年。如就廣義的“經(jīng)筵制度”而言，從皇太極崇德元年(1636)改國(guó)號(hào)為清起，至宣統(tǒng)三年(1911)止，，整個(gè)清代都存在以“研經(jīng)論史”為主要內(nèi)容的御前講席。經(jīng)筵制度是與中國(guó)古代社會(huì)最高統(tǒng)治者密切相關(guān)的一項(xiàng)教育制度，在清代社會(huì)上層政治中也處于非常重要的地位，對(duì)清代社會(huì)的其他各個(gè)方面也都有著一定的影響。 關(guān)于中國(guó)古代經(jīng)筵制度，史學(xué)界至今尚無(wú)系統(tǒng)的研究。本文選擇經(jīng)筵制度的最后形態(tài)——清代經(jīng)筵為研究對(duì)象，試圖在中國(guó)古代經(jīng)筵制度的研究上有所推進(jìn)。論文由緒論、第一章(清代經(jīng)筵制度沿革)、第二章(清代經(jīng)筵禮制)、第三章(經(jīng)筵與清代社會(huì))和結(jié)論五部分構(gòu)成。 緒論部分主要探討經(jīng)筵的定義及其起源，回顧和總結(jié)經(jīng)筵制度研究的歷史和主要成果，明確本文研究方向和意圖。第一章“清代經(jīng)筵制度沿革”主要從縱向歷史演變的角度，理清清代經(jīng)筵發(fā)展變化的脈路。大致將清代經(jīng)筵歷程分為確立期(入關(guān)前及順治朝)、鼎盛期(康熙朝)、變質(zhì)期(雍正、乾隆、嘉慶朝)、“復(fù)興”期(道光、咸豐朝)、衰亡期(同治、光緒、宣統(tǒng)朝)五個(gè)時(shí)期。清朝經(jīng)筵制度作為一種帝王教育制度在順治晚年得以確立，康熙時(shí)期達(dá)到鼎盛，康熙二十五年(1686)以后，日講(經(jīng)筵制度的實(shí)質(zhì)內(nèi)容)終止，經(jīng)筵制度開(kāi)始變質(zhì)。雍正、乾隆以后經(jīng)筵制度徹底形式化，成為帝制宣傳的工具。道咸年間晚清理學(xué)家一度試圖復(fù)興經(jīng)筵舊制，但終究未果。咸豐以后，每年一度的經(jīng)筵大典也宣告終止，清代經(jīng)筵名實(shí)具亡。第二章“清代經(jīng)筵禮制”主要從橫向制度的層面，對(duì)清代經(jīng)筵制度的構(gòu)成及其功能予以分析。分“經(jīng)筵大典”、“日講禮儀”和“進(jìn)呈經(jīng)義”三節(jié)，參照《清會(huì)典》的有關(guān)記載，分別對(duì)其時(shí)日、官職、內(nèi)容、儀制及其具
[Abstract]:Jing Yan, refers to the emperor since the Han and Tang dynasties to lecture on the history of the special imperial lecture. It was formally institutionalized in the Song Dynasty, inherited from Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Jing Yan system lasted a long time in Qing Dynasty. In terms of narrow sense of "feast ceremony", Shunzhi 14 years (1657) first feast, to Xianfeng ten years (1860) held the last feast ceremony, lasted more than two hundred years. For example, in the broad sense of "Jingyan system", from the first year of Chongde of Huangtai (1636) to the Qing Dynasty, to the end of Xuantong three years (1911), the whole Qing Dynasty had a imperial lecture with the history of the study of the classics as the main content. Jingyan system is an educational system closely related to the supreme rulers of ancient Chinese society. It also plays a very important role in the upper social politics of the Qing Dynasty and has a certain influence on other aspects of the Qing society. There is no systematic study on the ancient Chinese Jingyan system. This paper chooses Jingyan, the final form of Jingyan system, as the object of study, and tries to advance the study of Jingyan system in ancient China. The thesis is composed of the introduction, the first chapter (the evolution of the Qing Dynasty Jing Yan system), the second chapter (the Qing Dynasty Jing Yan ritual system), the third chapter (Jing Yan and the Qing Dynasty society) and the conclusion five parts. The introduction mainly discusses the definition and origin of Jingyan, reviews and summarizes the history and main achievements of the study of Jingyan system, and clarifies the research direction and intention of this paper. The first chapter, "the evolution of the Qing Dynasty Jing Yan system", clarifies the development and changes of the Qing Dynasty Jing Yan from the perspective of the vertical historical evolution. The course of Jing Yan in Qing Dynasty can be divided into five periods: establishment period (before entering the customs and Shunzhi dynasty), peak period (Kangxi dynasty), metamorphosis period (Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing dynasty), "rejuvenation" period (Daoguang, Xianfeng dynasty), declining period (Tongzhi, Guang Xu, Xuantong dynasty). The Qing Dynasty Jing Yan system as a kind of imperial education system was established in the later years of Shunzhi, the Kangxi period reached its peak, after Kangxi 25 years (1686), the Japanese talk (the essence of the Jing Yan system) ended, and the Jing Yan system began to deteriorate. Yongzheng, Qianlong after Jingyan system was completely formalized and became the tool of imperial propaganda. At one point in the late Qing Dynasty, Taoist Neo-Confucianism tried to revive the old system of Jing Yan, but in vain. After Xianfeng, the annual feast also ended, the Qing Dynasty, the name of the feast died. Chapter two, "the ritual system of Jing Yan in Qing Dynasty", mainly analyzes the constitution and function of the system of Jing Yan in Qing Dynasty from the level of horizontal system. According to the relevant records of the "Qing Hui Dian", including the three sections of "the great feast ceremony", "Japanese etiquette" and "advancing the scripture and righteousness", the time, official position, content, system and equipment of the ceremony are respectively described.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K249

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