【摘要】：北魏后期，六鎮(zhèn)豪強(qiáng)酋帥基本上是北魏前期由各地遷到六鎮(zhèn)的軍鎮(zhèn)官員、中下層代人、鮮卑等胡族部落酋長(zhǎng)、漢族豪強(qiáng)的子孫后代。在六鎮(zhèn)豪強(qiáng)酋帥群體內(nèi)部，彼此之間在政治地位上有著懸殊的差距。從其群體父祖三代的官爵、各自家族的婚姻、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況三方面看，六鎮(zhèn)豪強(qiáng)酋帥僅是世代居住在北邊六鎮(zhèn)的地方豪強(qiáng)酋帥。鮮卑化既是北魏后期六鎮(zhèn)豪強(qiáng)酋帥的地域性特征，又是其群體社會(huì)地位始終處于北邊地方豪強(qiáng)酋帥之上，，無(wú)法成為門(mén)閥士族的重要原因。在六鎮(zhèn)暴動(dòng)到北魏分裂這一時(shí)期，從六鎮(zhèn)豪強(qiáng)酋帥的任官和授爵情況看，其群體依靠自身的軍事政治勢(shì)力，由地方豪強(qiáng)酋帥轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閾碛休^高社會(huì)地位和軍政權(quán)力的武官和將領(lǐng)。東魏建立后，懷朔鎮(zhèn)豪強(qiáng)酋帥由北魏末年的軍隊(duì)將領(lǐng)，轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闁|魏及日后北齊的統(tǒng)治階層。除高歡家族成為東魏北齊的最高統(tǒng)治者外，其他人則成為東魏北齊統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)中地位僅次于高氏宗室，享有政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)特權(quán)，但不具備士族特質(zhì)的勛貴階層。在西魏北周，出身武川鎮(zhèn)的將領(lǐng)，除宇文泰家族成為西魏北周的最高統(tǒng)治者外，其他則成為西魏北周統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)中的勛貴階層。隨著關(guān)隴河南河?xùn)|土豪、關(guān)東胡漢士族豪強(qiáng)在西魏北周統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)中的地位不斷上升，武川鎮(zhèn)勛貴在西魏國(guó)家權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)中的地位則呈不斷下降的趨勢(shì)。雖然如此，武川鎮(zhèn)勛貴仍是在政治上擁有高官顯爵，在經(jīng)濟(jì)上占有大量土地、奴隸的特權(quán)階層。5-6世紀(jì)六鎮(zhèn)豪強(qiáng)酋帥社會(huì)地位的劇烈提升，對(duì)北魏末年、東魏北齊、西魏北周政局產(chǎn)生了重要影響。
[Abstract]:In the late Northern Wei Dynasty, the Chiefs of the six towns were basically the military officials, the middle and lower generation, the chiefs of the Hu tribe and the descendants of the Han people who moved to the six towns in the early period of the Northern Wei Dynasty. Within the six towns, there is a wide gap between the political status of each other. From the three generations of their parents and ancestors, the marriage and economic status of their families, the Chiefs of the six towns are only the local leaders who have lived in the six towns in the north for generations. Xianbei is not only the regional feature of the Chieftain of the six towns in the late Northern Wei Dynasty, but also the social status of its group, which is always above the Chiefa in the north, and can not become an important reason for the clan of the family. During the period from the riots of six towns to the division of the Northern Wei Dynasty, from the situation of the leaders of the six towns as officials and knights, their groups, depending on their own military and political forces, changed from local leaders to military appointees and generals with higher social status and military and political power. After the establishment of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Huishuo was transformed from the army general of the late Northern Wei Dynasty to the ruling class of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the later Northern Qi Dynasty. Except that the Gaohuan family became the supreme ruler of the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi Dynasty, others became the aristocratic class in the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi ruling group, second only to the Gao clan, enjoying political and economic privileges, but not having the characteristics of the aristocrats. In the Western Wei Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the generals born in Wuchuan Town, except the Yu Wentai family became the supreme ruler of the Western Wei Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty, became the Xiangui class in the Western Wei and the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Along with Guanlong he Dong Tuhao, Guandong Hu Han Shi Haoqiang's position in the Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasty ruling group is rising, and the status of Wuchuan Town Xianxun in the Western Wei Dynasty state power structure is declining. Nevertheless, the town of Wuchuan still had a high ranking official in politics, occupied a large amount of land economically, and the privileged class of slaves, the six towns of the sixth century, had a dramatic rise in social status. In the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi dynasties, The political situation of the Western Wei Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty had an important influence.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K239.2

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