黃河中下游地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境變遷與夏代的興起和嬗變探索
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-14 15:27
【摘要】： 目前，與人類(lèi)生存密切相關(guān)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題越來(lái)越引起社會(huì)的關(guān)注，而生態(tài)環(huán)境的演化是一個(gè)十分漫長(zhǎng)的漸進(jìn)過(guò)程，需要進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)段的考究。探尋和重塑史前及歷史時(shí)期生態(tài)環(huán)境的原貌，研究其演化規(guī)律及其對(duì)人類(lèi)社會(huì)的影響，無(wú)疑具有重要的學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。然而，這方面的綜合研究在我國(guó)雖有起步，但還較為薄弱。本文正是在充分利用歷史學(xué)、歷史地理學(xué)、考古學(xué)、環(huán)境考古學(xué)、生態(tài)學(xué)、環(huán)境學(xué)及環(huán)境變遷學(xué)等學(xué)科的資料和成果的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)黃河中下游地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境變遷進(jìn)行較為系統(tǒng)的探索，希冀探明生態(tài)環(huán)境條件在黃河中下游地區(qū)形成中國(guó)早期文明中心，并進(jìn)而建立起夏——中國(guó)歷史上第一代王朝過(guò)程中的實(shí)際影響。 本文在第一章論述了史前及夏代生態(tài)環(huán)境史研究的基本問(wèn)題，強(qiáng)調(diào)拓寬學(xué)術(shù)視野、開(kāi)展多學(xué)科綜合研究的意義。為使人們對(duì)黃河中下游地區(qū)的環(huán)境變遷有一較系統(tǒng)完整的了解，在第二章勾勒出第四紀(jì)全新世以前——即從古生代、中生代到新生代第三紀(jì)時(shí)期生態(tài)環(huán)境變遷的軌跡，對(duì)第四紀(jì)更新世時(shí)期構(gòu)成該地域生態(tài)環(huán)境根基的黃土堆積、黃河的形成以及古人類(lèi)及其創(chuàng)造的舊石器文化加以述論。 進(jìn)入新石器時(shí)代以后，大約從距今8500-3000年前，我國(guó)出現(xiàn)了氣候適宜的“仰韶溫暖期”，在這一長(zhǎng)達(dá)約5500年的時(shí)期內(nèi)，從新石器時(shí)代革命、粟作農(nóng)業(yè)的起源和發(fā)展、文明中心地位的形成到夏王朝的崛起，黃河中下游地區(qū)成了中華早期文明演義的中心舞臺(tái)。本文的第三章，在詳細(xì)論述新石器時(shí)期生態(tài)環(huán)境面貌的同時(shí)，著重從粟作農(nóng)業(yè)的起源及發(fā)展、大禹治水等方面，闡述了有利的生態(tài)環(huán)境在促成黃河中下游地區(qū)成為中華文明中心地位中的重要作用。 在第四章，對(duì)夏代的生態(tài)環(huán)境及其演化進(jìn)行了較系統(tǒng)的探討，在論述了《夏小正》為夏代中心地區(qū)歷法的前提下，對(duì)其包涵的豐富生態(tài)環(huán)境內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了循名責(zé)實(shí)的探研。最后，，對(duì)夏末旱災(zāi)肆虐、氣候異常等開(kāi)始惡化的生態(tài)環(huán)境加以考察，提出生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化是夏代覆滅的重要原因。 總之，本文首次較系統(tǒng)地對(duì)史前及夏代黃河中下游地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境變遷進(jìn)行了探索，將仰韶溫暖期的環(huán)境背景和黃河中下游地區(qū)史前文明中心的形成、早期的統(tǒng)一國(guó)家——夏王朝的興亡有機(jī)地聯(lián)系起來(lái)，進(jìn)行了較深入具體的論述。對(duì)《夏小正》也提出有新的見(jiàn)解。力圖重塑黃河中下游地區(qū)史前及夏代生態(tài)環(huán)境的面貌，豐富我國(guó)上古史的內(nèi)容，并在早期文明與國(guó)家起源的研究方面盡到綿薄之力。
[Abstract]:At present, the environmental problems closely related to the survival of human beings have attracted more and more attention of the society, and the evolution of the ecological environment is a very long and gradual process, which needs to be studied for a long time. It is undoubtedly of great academic value and practical significance to explore and reconstruct the original appearance of ecological environment in prehistoric and historical period, to study its evolution law and its influence on human society. However, although this aspect of comprehensive research in China has started, but is still relatively weak. It is on the basis of making full use of the materials and achievements of history, historical geography, archaeology, environmental archaeology, ecology, environmentology and environmental vicissitude. The ecological environment changes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are systematically explored. It is hoped that the ecological environment conditions will form the early civilization center of China in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. And then established the Xia-the first dynasty in the history of China in the process of the actual impact. In the first chapter, the author discusses the basic problems in the study of ecological environment history in prehistoric and Xia dynasties, and emphasizes the significance of broadening academic horizon and carrying out multi-disciplinary comprehensive research. In order to make people have a systematic and complete understanding of the environmental changes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, in the second chapter, the trajectory of the ecological environment changes from Paleozoic, Mesozoic to Cenozoic is outlined in the second chapter, which is before the Quaternary Holocene, that is, the Paleozoic, Mesozoic to Cenozoic Tertiary. The loess accumulation, the formation of the Yellow River and the Paleolithic culture created by the Paleo people during the Quaternary Pleistocene were discussed. After entering the Neolithic Age, about 8500-3000 years ago, the "Yangshao warm period" with suitable climate appeared in our country. During this period of about 5,500 years, from the Neolithic Revolution, the origin and development of millet farming, From the formation of the center of civilization to the rise of the Xia Dynasty, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River became the central stage of the early Chinese civilization. In the third chapter of this paper, the ecological environment of Neolithic period is discussed in detail. At the same time, the origin and development of millet farming and Dayu water control are emphasized. This paper expounds the important role of favorable ecological environment in promoting the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River to become the center of Chinese civilization. In the fourth chapter, the ecological environment and its evolution of Xia Dynasty are systematically discussed. On the premise that "Xia Xiaozheng" is the calendars of the central area of Xia Dynasty, the rich ecological environment content contained in it is studied according to its name. Finally, the ecological environment which began to deteriorate such as drought and abnormal climate at the end of summer was investigated, and it was pointed out that the deterioration of ecological environment was an important reason for the extinction in Xia Dynasty. In a word, the ecological environment vicissitude in prehistoric area and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in Xia Dynasty has been systematically explored for the first time, and the environment background of Yangshao warm period and the formation of prehistoric civilization center in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River have been taken into account. The rise and fall of the early unified country-Xia Dynasty were organically linked and discussed in detail. He also put forward some new ideas about Xia Xiaozheng. This paper tries to reshape the ecological environment of prehistoric and Xia dynasties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, enrich the contents of the ancient history of China, and make a limited contribution to the study of the early civilization and the origin of the country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K222
本文編號(hào)：2122085
[Abstract]:At present, the environmental problems closely related to the survival of human beings have attracted more and more attention of the society, and the evolution of the ecological environment is a very long and gradual process, which needs to be studied for a long time. It is undoubtedly of great academic value and practical significance to explore and reconstruct the original appearance of ecological environment in prehistoric and historical period, to study its evolution law and its influence on human society. However, although this aspect of comprehensive research in China has started, but is still relatively weak. It is on the basis of making full use of the materials and achievements of history, historical geography, archaeology, environmental archaeology, ecology, environmentology and environmental vicissitude. The ecological environment changes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are systematically explored. It is hoped that the ecological environment conditions will form the early civilization center of China in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. And then established the Xia-the first dynasty in the history of China in the process of the actual impact. In the first chapter, the author discusses the basic problems in the study of ecological environment history in prehistoric and Xia dynasties, and emphasizes the significance of broadening academic horizon and carrying out multi-disciplinary comprehensive research. In order to make people have a systematic and complete understanding of the environmental changes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, in the second chapter, the trajectory of the ecological environment changes from Paleozoic, Mesozoic to Cenozoic is outlined in the second chapter, which is before the Quaternary Holocene, that is, the Paleozoic, Mesozoic to Cenozoic Tertiary. The loess accumulation, the formation of the Yellow River and the Paleolithic culture created by the Paleo people during the Quaternary Pleistocene were discussed. After entering the Neolithic Age, about 8500-3000 years ago, the "Yangshao warm period" with suitable climate appeared in our country. During this period of about 5,500 years, from the Neolithic Revolution, the origin and development of millet farming, From the formation of the center of civilization to the rise of the Xia Dynasty, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River became the central stage of the early Chinese civilization. In the third chapter of this paper, the ecological environment of Neolithic period is discussed in detail. At the same time, the origin and development of millet farming and Dayu water control are emphasized. This paper expounds the important role of favorable ecological environment in promoting the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River to become the center of Chinese civilization. In the fourth chapter, the ecological environment and its evolution of Xia Dynasty are systematically discussed. On the premise that "Xia Xiaozheng" is the calendars of the central area of Xia Dynasty, the rich ecological environment content contained in it is studied according to its name. Finally, the ecological environment which began to deteriorate such as drought and abnormal climate at the end of summer was investigated, and it was pointed out that the deterioration of ecological environment was an important reason for the extinction in Xia Dynasty. In a word, the ecological environment vicissitude in prehistoric area and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in Xia Dynasty has been systematically explored for the first time, and the environment background of Yangshao warm period and the formation of prehistoric civilization center in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River have been taken into account. The rise and fall of the early unified country-Xia Dynasty were organically linked and discussed in detail. He also put forward some new ideas about Xia Xiaozheng. This paper tries to reshape the ecological environment of prehistoric and Xia dynasties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, enrich the contents of the ancient history of China, and make a limited contribution to the study of the early civilization and the origin of the country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K222
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 王華梅;周秦時(shí)期黃河中下游地區(qū)植被分布及其變遷[D];陜西師范大學(xué);2007年
本文編號(hào)：2122085
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