《周禮》所見地方行政組織考察
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-13 10:09
【摘要】： 周代是地方行政組織體系逐漸確立、完善的歷史時期,形成了后世地方行政組織的雛形。周代地方行政組織的發(fā)展、演變經(jīng)歷了三個重要的歷史階段:第一個階段是西周初期,在這個階段中,地域性質(zhì)的鄉(xiāng)里組織已經(jīng)出現(xiàn),但只作為地方行政事務(wù)的輔助性組織而存在,血緣性質(zhì)的宗族組織實(shí)際上承擔(dān)了地方行政的職能。第二個階段是西周中期以后,血緣組織和地緣組織并行的階段。隨著井田制度的弊端逐漸暴露,歷史的發(fā)展要求地緣組織的行政職能逐漸加強(qiáng),最終形成了凌駕于宗族組織之上的權(quán)力機(jī)構(gòu),但宗族組織仍然在地方行政事務(wù)中起到重要作用。第三個階段是春秋戰(zhàn)國時期,這是地方行政組織體系逐漸確立的歷史時期。在這個階段中,井田制度逐漸瓦解,同時經(jīng)過各諸侯國的改革,宗族組織最終退出了行政管理職能的歷史舞臺,以地緣組織為主的地方行政組織體系逐步確立起來。 《周禮》在“體國經(jīng)野”的指導(dǎo)思想之下,以鄉(xiāng)遂分治,確立了一個十分系統(tǒng)的地方行政組織體系。將《周禮》與其他先秦文獻(xiàn)和古文字、簡帛等資料相比照發(fā)現(xiàn),其所言并非向壁虛造,而確是有其真實(shí)的歷史依據(jù)�！吨芏Y》作者以周王室檔案為底本,參照了春秋戰(zhàn)國時期各諸侯國地方行政體制的實(shí)際情況,揉和了西周、春秋、戰(zhàn)國各個階段的地方管理體制,其中某些地方行政管理機(jī)構(gòu)甚至可以追溯得更遠(yuǎn)�！吨芏Y》鄉(xiāng)遂之中的各級地方行政組織基本都可以找到其原型。本文擬以《周禮》中所記載的地方行政組織為研究對象,考察各級地方行政組織在兩周時期的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。并力圖從《周禮》出發(fā)而又不囿于《周禮》,將視野放之于周代的大環(huán)境之中對地方行政組織進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)地考察。 全文主要分為三個大部分: 第一部分:緒論�；仡櫤途C述本課題已有的研究成果,并對本課題的寫作緣由、研究空間、研究目標(biāo)及研究思路等相關(guān)問題加以闡明。 第二部分:包括本文的第一章到第三章,對于《周禮》中所記載的鄉(xiāng)、遂各級地方行政組織以及都鄙之中的丘和邑分別進(jìn)行考察、研究,梳理各級地方行政組織的初期形態(tài)及其發(fā)展和演變,力圖確立一個周代地方行政組織體系的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。 第三部分:包括本文的第四章到第六章,對地方行政組織的職能進(jìn)行考察。 最后,結(jié)語將對本文的研究內(nèi)容作一總結(jié),進(jìn)一步闡述本文的研究結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Zhou Dynasty was the historical period when the system of local administrative organizations was gradually established and perfected, forming the embryonic form of local administrative organizations of later generations. The development of local administrative organizations in the Zhou Dynasty experienced three important historical stages: the first stage was the early Western Zhou Dynasty, in which local organizations of a regional nature had emerged. But only as the auxiliary organization of the local administrative affairs, the consanguinity clan organization actually assumed the function of the local administration. The second stage was the parallel phase of blood organization and geographical organization after the mid-Western Zhou Dynasty. With the abuse of the minefield system exposed gradually, the development of history requires the geographical organization's administrative function to be strengthened gradually, and finally formed the power organization which is superior to the clan organization, but the clan organization still plays an important role in the local administrative affairs. The third stage is the Spring and Autumn and warring States period, which is the historical period of the gradual establishment of the local administrative organization system. In this stage, the system of mine field gradually disintegrated, at the same time, after the reform of various countries, clan organizations finally withdrew from the historical stage of administrative functions. The local administrative organization system, which is dominated by geographical organization, has been gradually established. Under the guiding ideology of "the state and the state", the local administrative organization system has been established by the division of the township and the division of the township, and a very systematic system of local administrative organization has been established. Comparing the "Zhou Li" with other documents of the pre-Qin period, ancient Chinese characters, silk and other materials, it is found that what it says is not false to the wall, but has its true historical basis. The author of the "Zhou Li" takes the archives of the Zhou royal family as the base. Referring to the actual situation of the local administrative system of the various states in the Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period, the local administrative system of the Western Zhou, the Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period was combined. Some of them can be traced back even further. Local administrative organizations at all levels in the villages can basically find their prototypes. This paper takes the local administrative organizations recorded in Zhou Li as the research object to investigate the development of local administrative organizations at all levels during the two-week period. And tries hard to proceed from "Zhou Li" but not confined to "Zhou Li", put the vision in the Zhou Dynasty environment to carry on the systematic investigation to the local administrative organization. The full text is divided into three main parts: the first part: introduction. This paper reviews and summarizes the existing research results of this subject, and expounds the writing reasons, research space, research objectives and research ideas of this subject. The second part: including the first to the third chapters of this article, for the "Zhou Li" recorded in the township, the local administrative organizations at all levels as well as the du despicable Qiu and Yi, respectively, Combing the initial forms of local administrative organizations at all levels and their development and evolution, trying to establish a Zhou Dynasty local administrative organization system development context. The third part: including the fourth to sixth chapters of this article, the functions of local administrative organizations are investigated. Finally, the conclusion will summarize the research content of this paper, and further elaborate the conclusion of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K221;D691.2
本文編號：2119002
[Abstract]:Zhou Dynasty was the historical period when the system of local administrative organizations was gradually established and perfected, forming the embryonic form of local administrative organizations of later generations. The development of local administrative organizations in the Zhou Dynasty experienced three important historical stages: the first stage was the early Western Zhou Dynasty, in which local organizations of a regional nature had emerged. But only as the auxiliary organization of the local administrative affairs, the consanguinity clan organization actually assumed the function of the local administration. The second stage was the parallel phase of blood organization and geographical organization after the mid-Western Zhou Dynasty. With the abuse of the minefield system exposed gradually, the development of history requires the geographical organization's administrative function to be strengthened gradually, and finally formed the power organization which is superior to the clan organization, but the clan organization still plays an important role in the local administrative affairs. The third stage is the Spring and Autumn and warring States period, which is the historical period of the gradual establishment of the local administrative organization system. In this stage, the system of mine field gradually disintegrated, at the same time, after the reform of various countries, clan organizations finally withdrew from the historical stage of administrative functions. The local administrative organization system, which is dominated by geographical organization, has been gradually established. Under the guiding ideology of "the state and the state", the local administrative organization system has been established by the division of the township and the division of the township, and a very systematic system of local administrative organization has been established. Comparing the "Zhou Li" with other documents of the pre-Qin period, ancient Chinese characters, silk and other materials, it is found that what it says is not false to the wall, but has its true historical basis. The author of the "Zhou Li" takes the archives of the Zhou royal family as the base. Referring to the actual situation of the local administrative system of the various states in the Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period, the local administrative system of the Western Zhou, the Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period was combined. Some of them can be traced back even further. Local administrative organizations at all levels in the villages can basically find their prototypes. This paper takes the local administrative organizations recorded in Zhou Li as the research object to investigate the development of local administrative organizations at all levels during the two-week period. And tries hard to proceed from "Zhou Li" but not confined to "Zhou Li", put the vision in the Zhou Dynasty environment to carry on the systematic investigation to the local administrative organization. The full text is divided into three main parts: the first part: introduction. This paper reviews and summarizes the existing research results of this subject, and expounds the writing reasons, research space, research objectives and research ideas of this subject. The second part: including the first to the third chapters of this article, for the "Zhou Li" recorded in the township, the local administrative organizations at all levels as well as the du despicable Qiu and Yi, respectively, Combing the initial forms of local administrative organizations at all levels and their development and evolution, trying to establish a Zhou Dynasty local administrative organization system development context. The third part: including the fourth to sixth chapters of this article, the functions of local administrative organizations are investigated. Finally, the conclusion will summarize the research content of this paper, and further elaborate the conclusion of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K221;D691.2
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 劉芮方;周代爵制研究[D];東北師范大學(xué);2011年
，本文編號：2119002
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