本文選題：道光 + 漕糧��； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 漕運是中國特有的水運形式,清初制度已達完備。嘉慶、道光年間,漕運制度已經(jīng)危機重重,道光朝(1821—1850年)被迫進行相應(yīng)的漕制改革,漕糧海運是改革的核心內(nèi)容,在道光朝期間,前后共試行過兩次漕糧海運。 道光六年(1826年)漕糧海運,其直接原因是1824年冬高家堰大堤潰決,運河水勢低弱,重運北上成為難題。當(dāng)時面對如何應(yīng)對危機。朝中分為兩派:孫玉庭、魏元煜力主引黃濟運的盤壩主張,英和及地方上的琦善、陶澍力主雇商海運,雙方各執(zhí)己見,并前后付諸實踐,引黃濟運的盤運主張因耗費巨大而破產(chǎn),至此堅定了道光帝實行海運的決心。道光六年,江蘇四府一州海運漕糧海運取得成功。但隨后河道恢復(fù),海運遂止。 道光二十八年(1848年),京師出現(xiàn)糧食供應(yīng)危機,為節(jié)省經(jīng)費支出,充實京師倉儲,將江蘇三地區(qū)漕糧改行海運,因道光帝力排眾議,故此次海運爭論時間較短,但實施時問題較多:先是因“青浦教案”耽擱出洋,放洋后又遭盜匪,抵津時間較計劃為遲,道光朝遂停海運。第二次海運亦中止。 兩次漕糧海運具體原因各異,道光六年主要是自然原因,而道光二十八年則是社會原因的制約,但其根源都是漕運制度的危機。兩次海運終止原因有決策者道光皇帝缺乏堅持改革的魄力,河運利益集團竭力阻撓,海運初創(chuàng)較難等,因而決定了道光朝漕糧海運的暫短命運,但海運呈現(xiàn)出來的明顯優(yōu)越性預(yù)示著它將必定會成為漕運的主要運輸方式。
[Abstract]:The water transport is a unique form of water transport in China. The system in the early Qing Dynasty was complete. Jiaqing, during the period of Daoguang, the system of transport of water was in crisis. The Daoguang Dynasty (1821 - 1850) was forced to carry out the corresponding reform of the grain system. The grain transport of grain was the core content of the reform. During the period of Daoguang Dynasty, there were two grains and sea transportation before and after the trial.
Daoguang six years (1826) water grain shipping, its direct reason is the 1824 winter high weir dike burst, the canal water potential is low, the heavy transportation north becomes a difficult problem. In the face of how to cope with the crisis, the north and the middle were divided into two schools: Sun Yuting, Wei Yuanyu, Li Zhu Huang Ji Yun's advocate, the British and local Qi good, Tao Shu mainly hired merchant shipping, both sides hold themselves. To see, and to put into practice, the idea of the transportation of the Yellow River, which was so costly and bankrupt, was determined by Dao Guangdi's determination to carry out the shipping. In six years of Daoguang, the sea transport of grain and sea in the four state of Jiangsu was successful.
Daoguang twenty-eight years (1848), the capital of the Beijing teachers appeared food supply crisis, in order to save expenditure, enrich the capital of the capital warehouse storage, the Jiangsu three area grain grain to sea, because of Daoguang Dili row public debate, the time is short, but the implementation of the problem is more: first, because of the "Qingpu teaching case" delayed, after foreign bandit, offset time is more than The plan is to stop shipping for late and Daoguang. The second voyage is also suspended.
The two grain shipping specific reasons are different, Dao Guang's six years are mainly natural reasons, and Dao Guang's twenty-eight years are the constraints of social reasons, but the root causes are the crisis of the system of transport of water. The reason for the two maritime termination is that the decision maker, Dao Guang, lacks the courage to adhere to the reform, and the He Yunli interest group tries to obstruct it, and the shipping is difficult to start. Therefore, it is decided that the sea shipping is difficult to start and so on. The short fate of the Daoguang River's grain transport is determined, but the obvious superiority of the maritime transport indicates that it will become the main mode of transportation for the transportation of grain.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：F552.9;K249.3

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 官冠;晚清漕糧流通政策分析（1826-1904）[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：2072019