本文選題：遼金元 + 官府　； 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 中國(guó)古代政府經(jīng)營(yíng)借貸由來(lái)已久,自《周禮·泉府》中記載為其端,漢魏、隋唐、兩宋各代均有相當(dāng)?shù)馁Y本規(guī)模。本文以遼金元時(shí)期官府借貸為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其種類(lèi)、資本、利率及歷史評(píng)價(jià)等問(wèn)題作了探討,并旁及元代常平義倉(cāng)、斡脫錢(qián)等問(wèn)題。 首先,以用途為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)遼金元官府借貸作了種類(lèi)劃分。將遼金官府借貸劃分為災(zāi)’害疫亂歉收之年對(duì)小生產(chǎn)者的賑貸,開(kāi)發(fā)性放貸、安撫性放貸,解決政府部分經(jīng)費(fèi)不足的臨時(shí)性放貸及遼代“云為戶”四類(lèi)；將元代官府借貸劃分為以加強(qiáng)統(tǒng)治、維持社會(huì)秩序及恢復(fù)社會(huì)生產(chǎn)為目的的借貸,緩解財(cái)政壓力為目的的盈利性放貸,向工商業(yè)者提供的生產(chǎn)性、資本性和經(jīng)營(yíng)性借貸三大類(lèi)。 其次,論述了遼金元官府借貸資本的來(lái)源、經(jīng)營(yíng)方式及利率問(wèn)題。認(rèn)為遼金元官府借貸資本的來(lái)源主要是政府財(cái)政撥款為主,另外還有一部分來(lái)源于地方豪強(qiáng)、官員的自籌；其經(jīng)營(yíng)方式,一是政府設(shè)立基金委托一些職能部門(mén)、官員以及私人經(jīng)營(yíng),二為政府直接向債務(wù)人發(fā)放借貸資本。就利率而言,雖然這一時(shí)期民間利率仍處于較高水平,但官府借貸利率水平與唐宋相比有所下降,主要有3分、2分、1.5分、1分、0.8分幾類(lèi)。 第三,對(duì)元代常平、義倉(cāng)的興起發(fā)展、制度規(guī)定、歷史評(píng)價(jià)及蒙元時(shí)期斡脫錢(qián)問(wèn)題作了進(jìn)一步的研究。 第四,對(duì)遼金元官府借貸的發(fā)展演變、特點(diǎn)、歷史作用等問(wèn)題作了論述。認(rèn)為遼金元政府所實(shí)施的官府借貸在實(shí)際運(yùn)行中對(duì)小生產(chǎn)者的生產(chǎn)、生活及維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序等方面發(fā)揮了一些積極作用,但又由于政治腐敗,官吏營(yíng)私舞弊、侵吞私占等,致使大量的借貸措施“徒為具文”,屢興屢廢,難以為繼,其積極作用的發(fā)揮又有極大的局限性。
[Abstract]:The ancient Chinese government operated and borrowed money for a long time, recorded in Zhou Li Quan Fu, the Han, Wei, Sui and Tang dynasties, the two Song dynasties have a considerable capital scale. This paper takes the loan of the government in the Liao, Jin and Yuan dynasties as the research object, probes into its kind, capital, interest rate and historical evaluation, etc. First of all, in order to use as the standard, the Liao Jin Yuan government loans and loans are classified. The government loan of Liao and Jin dynasties can be divided into four categories: relief loan to small producer in the year of disaster and epidemic disaster and failure of harvest, development loan, appeasement loan, temporary loan that some government funds are insufficient and "cloud as household" in Liao Dynasty. The government lending in Yuan Dynasty was divided into three categories: strengthening the rule, maintaining social order and restoring social production. The purpose of lending was to ease the financial pressure, and to provide productive, capital and operational loans to the industrial and commercial enterprises. Secondly, it discusses the source, management mode and interest rate of the loan capital of the government in Liao, Jin and Yuan dynasties. It is believed that the source of the borrowing capital of the government in Liao, Jin and Yuan dynasties is mainly from the government's financial allocations. In addition, some of them come from the local authorities, and the officials raise their own funds. The first way of operation is that the government has set up funds to commission some functional departments. Officials as well as private operations, for the government directly to the debtor issued loan capital. As far as interest rate is concerned, although the private interest rate is still at a high level in this period, the level of government borrowing interest rate is lower than that of the Tang and Song dynasties, and there are mainly 3 points, 2 minutes or 1.5 points, 1 minute or 0.8 points. Thirdly, the rise and development of Changping and Yicang in Yuan Dynasty, the regulations, the historical evaluation and the problem of Wutu in the period of Mongolian and Yuan were further studied. Fourth, this paper discusses the evolution, characteristics and historical function of government lending in Liao, Jin and Yuan dynasties. It is believed that the government loans and loans implemented by the Liao, Jin and Yuan governments have played a positive role in the production, life and maintenance of social order of small producers in actual operation, but also because of political corruption, government officials engaging in private fraud, embezzlement, and so on. A large number of lending measures "only for the text", repeatedly abolished, difficult to continue, its positive role has a great deal of limitations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.9;K246

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 馬朵朵;元代信貸問(wèn)題研究[D];河北師范大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號(hào)：2058778