本文選題：元代 + 官營經(jīng)濟　； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：中國是一個有著五千年歷史文化傳統(tǒng)的國家,官營工商業(yè)法律制度作為中國封建社會經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)中最具特色的經(jīng)濟制度,是中國歷史文化傳統(tǒng)的一部分。它代表的政府控制、干預(yù)經(jīng)濟的經(jīng)濟管理理念與西方自由主義經(jīng)濟理論有著本質(zhì)的差異和沖突。今天,我國走的是具有中國特色的社會主義道路,公有制經(jīng)濟在國民經(jīng)濟中占有舉足輕重的主導(dǎo)地位。雖然其政治經(jīng)濟學(xué)基礎(chǔ)與中國古代官營工商業(yè)法律制度完全不同,是建立在馬克思科學(xué)社會主義的政治經(jīng)濟學(xué)理論基礎(chǔ)之上,但借古鑒今,仍然具有特別重要的現(xiàn)實意義。公有制經(jīng)濟在富國強兵,集中力量辦大事,增強國際競爭力,節(jié)制私人資本,限制貧富分化,促使國民經(jīng)濟健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展等具多領(lǐng)域可以發(fā)揮與古代官營工商業(yè)法律制度類似的作用,但元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的百般弊病,尤其是權(quán)貴經(jīng)濟的禍患、貪官污吏的肆虐,足以引起世人的警惕。這也是筆者選擇元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度進行探索研究的主要目的。 根據(jù)筆者的研究目的和元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度體系結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)在邏輯,論文主要分為三個部分,共五章: 第一部分即第一章,元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的建立。主要是對元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度建立的政治經(jīng)濟背景、思想文化沖突、產(chǎn)權(quán)基礎(chǔ)以及立法過程進行分析。 第二部分是實體分析部分,共三章,即第二章元代官營造作手工業(yè)的法律規(guī)制,第三章元代官營課程手工業(yè)的法律規(guī)制,第四章元代官營商業(yè)的法律規(guī)制。本部分在充分占有翔實的法律史料基礎(chǔ)上,首先,從靜態(tài)的角度,對元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度進行全面、系統(tǒng)地文獻分析,考證元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的主要內(nèi)容,包括具體法律制度、經(jīng)營模式、管理規(guī)范和管理過程中存在的主要問題及法律措施;其次,從歷史的縱向角度運用比較分析等方法考察元代主要官營工商業(yè)法律制度的產(chǎn)生、形成及其嬗變的歷史過程;再次,通過典型案例的補充研究,揭示元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的運行情況和法律規(guī)制效果。 第三部分是總結(jié)評析部分,即第五章元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度評析。主要是在分析中國古代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的政治經(jīng)濟學(xué)基礎(chǔ)及功利價值、主要流弊的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的主要特征和歷史個性,反思元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的利弊得失,以期為社會主義國有經(jīng)濟法制建設(shè)提供歷史借鑒。 官營工商業(yè)法律制度的研究一直是法史研究的一個重要的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),尤其是元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的研究,還只能說處于起步階段。就國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀而言,本文具有開拓性。除此之外,本文可能的特色和創(chuàng)新之處還包括以下幾點: 首先,就研究的意義來說,本文將研究的目的置于西方經(jīng)濟私有制與中國傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟公有制、西方自由經(jīng)濟與中國政府干預(yù)經(jīng)濟的法文化沖突背景之下,不僅凸顯了本文研究的理論與實踐價值,而且為筆者研究本文提供了原初的動力和勇氣。而就研究的對象而言,本文選題定位具體,十分務(wù)實,且直指要害。中國傳統(tǒng)封建經(jīng)濟是政府干預(yù)經(jīng)濟,政府干預(yù)、主導(dǎo)、管理國家經(jīng)濟的最主要、最根本的手段和制度就是官營工商業(yè)法律制度。因此,本文選題以元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度為研究對象,其“以小搏大”“知微見著”意蘊十分明顯。 其次,本文十分注重對“社會生活中的法律”、“社會運行中的法律”進行研究。筆者在本文的研究過程中,不僅關(guān)注有關(guān)元代工商業(yè)法律制度的立法及體現(xiàn)于一定文本的法律制度,而且把法律看作一種社會現(xiàn)象,更關(guān)注社會中的法律,即法律在社會中應(yīng)用與運作過程及社會效果,法律與政治、法律與經(jīng)濟等的相互關(guān)系。也就是說更為關(guān)注元代官營工商業(yè)“活法”的研究。其具體體現(xiàn)如下: 一是本文不僅注重對元代法史文本如《元典章》、《大元條格通制》的研究,而且注重搜集和分析元人留下的大量奏章、筆記、戲曲、詩歌等文獻資料,挖掘元朝社會生 活中的“法律事實”。二是本文不僅研究元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的法律文本和法律條文,而且關(guān)注元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的立法目的、運作狀況及法律效果,也即法律的具體運作情況。 三是本文極為重視對法律的調(diào)整對象——社會關(guān)系本身進行研究。過去,在法律制度史的研究中,往往總是就法制談法制,而對法律的調(diào)整對象——法律所調(diào)整的社會關(guān)系漠不關(guān)心,結(jié)果是法律條文羅列了不少,但人們對法律所調(diào)整的社會關(guān)系仍然知之不多。本文十分關(guān)注元代官營工商業(yè)經(jīng)濟的運行過程,從生產(chǎn)資料的產(chǎn)權(quán)屬性到勞動力的來源與法律地位,從官營工商業(yè)經(jīng)濟的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營方式到產(chǎn)品、收益的分配制度都納入了本文的研究視野。 四是本文不僅研究元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度產(chǎn)生、形成、演化的社會、政治、經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ),而且還注重研究元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、社會進步的作用和影響,試圖對元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度的社會效果、利弊得失給出合理的評價。 再次,本文將元代官營手工業(yè)分為造作手工業(yè)和課程手工業(yè),將其作為兩種不同手工業(yè)類型分別進行研究,分類更合理,邏輯更清晰。以往的官營工商業(yè)研究成果中,要么將官營課程手工業(yè)與官營造作手工業(yè)統(tǒng)稱為官營手工業(yè)進行研究,由于兩者的職能、目的及具體法律制度存在明顯的差異,將它們混為一談,很不合理;要么將官營課程手工業(yè)法律制度與專賣制度合并在一起進行討論,但結(jié)果往往只關(guān)注官營課程手工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的流通制度即專賣制度,而對官營課程手工業(yè)的宏觀調(diào)控制度、生產(chǎn)管理制度、產(chǎn)品分配制度不作重點研究,甚至留下空白,這是很不完整的。 中國古代官營工商業(yè)法律制度有著深厚的歷史文化底蘊。它起源于西周的“工商食官”之制,經(jīng)秦漢,歷唐宋,制度歷備,內(nèi)容代豐,可謂一脈相承。然而,其歷史功過、價值利弊,自古也是人們爭議的焦點。言利而害義,富國而傷民,溢上而損下,官營工商業(yè)法律制度因此累遭世人詬病。本文以元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度作為標本,對其立法背景、規(guī)制內(nèi)容、運行狀況、社會效果等方面作了比較系統(tǒng)的考析和論述。通過這些考析和論述,可以看出: 元代官營工商業(yè)法律制度基本上沿襲了唐、宋舊制。官府直接經(jīng)營管理大量工商業(yè)經(jīng)濟,其主要目的仍然是為皇室貴族和各級政府提供各種消費品和奢侈品,為國家財政節(jié)約貨幣開支并獲得大量利稅收入。然而,由于其獨特的政治、經(jīng)濟及民族文化背景,就官營工商業(yè)法律制度的價值意義而言,元代的官營工商業(yè)法律制度挫長揚短,將官營工商業(yè)法律制度的百般弊病暴露無遺。究其具體原因,既有法律運行的政治、法治環(huán)境的原因,也有其制度本身缺陷的原因,總體上可以歸納為以下幾點: 其一、蒙古少數(shù)民族的權(quán)貴政治重利輕義。元代是一個蒙古少數(shù)民族強勢統(tǒng)治中原漢地的朝代。由于元政權(quán)在政治上過度依賴蒙古權(quán)貴,在經(jīng)濟上處處維護蒙古權(quán)貴的經(jīng)濟特權(quán),在文化上重利輕義,因而他們經(jīng)常將官營工商業(yè)法律制度作為榨取人民超經(jīng)濟利益的實用工具,只知取之于民,不知用之于民,急斂暴征,歲司羽鳩。 其二、產(chǎn)權(quán)基礎(chǔ)家族性導(dǎo)致的分配不公。元代官營工商業(yè),只是在經(jīng)營管理法律制度上繼承了前代的管理模式和方法,而事實上因產(chǎn)權(quán)基礎(chǔ)不同,其代表的生產(chǎn)關(guān)系是一種完全與唐宋不同的生產(chǎn)關(guān)系,其分配制度是“取天下了呵,各分地土,共享富貴”原則的具體化。這必然導(dǎo)致元政府泛賜濫賚,財政入不敷出,瘋狂地榨取漢地民眾。 第三、“各依本俗”的法治差異�；凇案饕辣舅住钡姆ㄖ卧瓌t,元代蒙古權(quán)貴仍然適用大汗國時期的自由工商業(yè)法律,可以肆無忌憚地興辦投下工商業(yè),甚至部分禁榷工商業(yè)。這種不一致的法治制度,使官營工商業(yè)法律制度打擊地方豪強勢要及節(jié)制富商大賈的政治、經(jīng)濟作用大打了折扣。 第四、直接勞役制經(jīng)營模式的落后。元代官營工商業(yè)手工業(yè)勞動者最初就是來源于“唯匠屠免”的戰(zhàn)爭俘虜,其使主將他們稱為“驅(qū)口”。入元之后,直接勞役制一直是元代官營工商業(yè)的主要生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營形式。元代官營工商業(yè)勞動者雖然不是奴隸,但在國家強制下幾與奴隸無異。相較于宋代的召募制、承買制,元代的勞役制無庸置疑是歷史的倒退。 第五、經(jīng)營管理的監(jiān)督機制不完善。從純粹經(jīng)濟學(xué)分析來看,官營工商業(yè)法律制度的最大問題是控制問題,因而建立一種有效的監(jiān)督機制是十分必要的,但這種監(jiān)督機制肯定是既昂貴而又不完善的。中國歷史上的歷代官營工商業(yè)法律制度都沒有很好地解決這個問題,元代更是如此。貪污成風(fēng)、非法盤剝嚴重、生產(chǎn)成本高昂、經(jīng)營效率低下,諸如此類的制度弊端,都在元代官營工商業(yè)經(jīng)營過程中暴露無遺。 元代的官營工商業(yè)法律制度,在恢復(fù)和促進元初的國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中發(fā)揮過重要作用,但由于官營工商業(yè)發(fā)展成果被少數(shù)蒙古權(quán)貴攫取,廣大中原民眾淪為官營工商業(yè)法律制度的受害者,被無情地剝削和壓榨,最終導(dǎo)致官貪民窮,民窮則國也不富,國民經(jīng)濟陷入民不聊生,經(jīng)濟崩壞的境地。這種歷史教訓(xùn)值得人們認真總結(jié)和反思。 總之,本文集法學(xué)、史學(xué)、經(jīng)濟學(xué)的研究方法和研究成果為一體。本文研究的是過去,思考的卻是現(xiàn)在,因為筆者一直有一種信念:任何一個國家和民族都是背負著過去走向未來的,過去與現(xiàn)在不僅不可割裂,還能共同構(gòu)筑一個美好的未來!
[Abstract]:China is a country with a historical and cultural tradition of 5000 years. As the most distinctive economic system in the Chinese feudal social and economic structure, the official business law system of the government is part of the Chinese historical and cultural tradition. It represents the government control, the economic management and Western liberal economic theory are essential. Today, our country is taking the socialist road with Chinese characteristics, and the public ownership economy occupies a decisive leading position in the national economy. Although its political and economic basis is completely different from the commercial legal system of Chinese ancient official workers, it is based on the theoretical basis of the political economy of Marx's scientific socialism. On the other hand, it still has a very important practical significance. The public ownership economy can play a similar role with the ancient official business law system in many fields, such as enriching the country and the army, concentrating on big events, strengthening the international competitiveness, controlling the private capital, restricting the differentiation of the rich and the poor, and promoting the healthy and stable development of the national economy. It is also the main purpose of the author to choose the commercial legal system of the official workers in the Yuan Dynasty to explore the commercial legal system of the official workers, especially the scourge of the powerful economy and the ravaging of the corrupt officials.
According to the author's research purpose and the internal logic of the system of official business and business legal system in the Yuan Dynasty, the paper is divided into three parts, five chapters:
The first chapter, the first chapter, the establishment of the commercial legal system of the official camp workers in the Yuan Dynasty, mainly analyzes the political and economic background, the ideological and cultural conflict, the foundation of the property rights and the legislative process of the establishment of the commercial legal system of the Yuan Dynasty officer's camp workers.
The second part is the entity analysis part, altogether three chapters, namely the legal regulation of the official handicraft industry of the official camp of the Yuan Dynasty, the third chapter and the legal regulation of the official business of the official camp in the Yuan Dynasty, and the legal regulation of the official business in the Yuan Dynasty in the fourth chapter. On the basis of full and accurate legal historical data, this part first, from the static point of view, to the business of the Yuan Dynasty. The legal system carries out a comprehensive and systematic literature analysis to examine the main contents of the commercial legal system of the Yuan Dynasty officer's camp workers, including the specific legal system, the management model, the management standard and the main problems and legal measures in the process of management. Secondly, the main official business business of the Yuan Dynasty is examined from the historical perspective. The emergence of the legal system, the formation and evolution of the historical process; thirdly, through the supplementary study of typical cases, it reveals the operation and legal regulation effect of the commercial legal system of the official camp workers in the Yuan Dynasty.
The third part is the summary and analysis part, that is, the evaluation and analysis of the commercial legal system of the fifth chapter of the Yuan Dynasty, mainly on the basis of the analysis of the political and economic basis and utilitarian value of the commercial legal system in ancient Chinese official camp workers, and on the basis of the main malpractices, summarizing the main characteristics and historical personalities of the commercial legal system of the Yuan Dynasty official camp workers, and reflecting on the camp workers in the Yuan Dynasty. The advantages and disadvantages of the commercial legal system in order to provide a historical reference for the construction of socialist state owned economic legal system.
The research on the commercial legal system of the official workers has always been an important weak link in the study of legal history, especially in the study of the commercial legal system of the official workers in the Yuan Dynasty, which is still in its infancy.
First, in terms of the significance of the study, the purpose of this study is to put the purpose of the study in the western economic private system and the public ownership of Chinese traditional economy. Under the background of the legal culture conflict between the western free economy and the Chinese government intervention in the economy, it not only highlights the theoretical and practical value of this study, but also provides the original motivation and courage for the author to study this article. As far as the object of research is concerned, the topic of this article is specific, very practical, and directly refers to the key. The Chinese traditional feudal economy is the most important of the government intervention in the economy, the government intervention, the leading, the management of the state economy, the most fundamental means and system is the commercial legal system of the official camp workers. Therefore, this article is selected as the commercial legal system of the Yuan Dynasty official camp workers. As the research object, its "small stroke" and "knowledge and micro understanding" are very obvious.
Secondly, this article pays great attention to the study of "law in social life" and "law in social operation". In the course of this study, I not only pay attention to the legislation of the legal system of the commercial legal system and the legal system embodied in a certain text, but also regard the law as a social phenomenon, and pay more attention to the law in the society. That is to say, the relationship between the application and operation of the law and the social effect, the law and politics, the law and the economy.
First, this article not only pays attention to the study of the Yuan Dynasty's historical texts, such as the Yuan Dynasty, and the great yuan bar system, but also pays attention to the collection and analysis of a large number of memorials, notes, operas, and poems by the Yuan people to excavate the social life of the Yuan Dynasty.
The "legal facts" in life. Two is not only the legal text and legal provisions of this article, but also the legislative purpose, the operation situation and the legal effect of the commercial legal system of the Yuan Dynasty officer's camp workers, that is, the specific operation of the law.
The three is that this article attaches great importance to the study of the object of the adjustment of law, the social relationship itself. In the past, in the study of the history of the legal system, the legal system was often talked about, and the law adjusted object of law was indifferent to the social relations adjusted by law. The result was that the legal provisions were listed, but the law has been adjusted. The social relations still don't know much. This article pays great attention to the operation process of the commercial economy of the official workers in Yuan Dynasty, from the property property of the production data to the source and legal status of the labor force, from the production and operation mode of the commercial economy to the product and the distribution system of income.
The four is that this article not only studies the formation, formation, evolution of the social, political and economic basis of the commercial legal system of the Yuan Dynasty, but also pays attention to the study of the role and influence of the commercial legal system on economic development and social progress in the Yuan Dynasty, and tries to give a reasonable evaluation to the social effects of the legal system of the official business law system in Yuan Dynasty and the advantages and disadvantages.
Thirdly, this paper divides the official handicraft industry into the handicraft industry of the Yuan Dynasty and the handicraft industry, and studies it as the two different types of handicraft industry. The classification is more reasonable and the logic is clearer. Because of the functions of the two, there are obvious differences between the purpose and the specific legal system, and it is not reasonable to confuse them. Either the legal system of the official curricula handicraft industry and the monopoly system are combined to be discussed, but the result is often concerned only with the circulation system of the industrial products of the official course hand industry, namely the monopoly system, and the handcraft of the official camp course. The macroeconomic regulation and control system, production management system and product distribution system of the industry do not focus on research, or even leave blank.
The commercial legal system of official camp workers in ancient China has a profound historical and cultural background. It originated in the system of "industrial and commercial food officer" in the Western Zhou Dynasty. It can be described as the same succession through the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Tang and Song Dynasties, the preparation of the Tang and Song Dynasties, the system and the content. However, its historical merits and advantages and disadvantages are the focus of the people's controversy since ancient times. In this paper, the commercial legal system of the official camp workers has been criticized by the world. This paper makes a systematic analysis and Discussion on the legislative background, regulation content, operation status and social effects of the commercial legal system of the Yuan Dynasty officer camp workers.
The commercial legal system of the official workers in the Yuan Dynasty basically follows the Tang Dynasty and the song and the old system. The government manages a large number of industrial and commercial economy directly. Its main purpose is to provide all kinds of consumer goods and luxuries for the Royal aristocrats and governments at all levels, to save money and gain a large amount of tax revenue for the state finance. As far as the cultural background of the national culture is concerned, in terms of the value and significance of the commercial legal system of the official camp workers, the commercial legal system of the official camp workers in the Yuan Dynasty is short and short, and the various disadvantages of the commercial legal system of the generals are revealed. The specific reasons are the political operation of the law, the cause of the rule of law environment, and the reasons for the defects of the system itself. The following points are summed up.
First, the political power of the minority nationalities in Mongolia has a heavy profit and light meaning. The Yuan Dynasty was a dynasty in which the minority nationalities of Mongolia dominated the Central Plains in the Han Dynasty. Because the Yuan Regime overly relies on Mongolia's power and power in politics, it maintains the economic privileges of the power of the power of Mongolia in the economy and pays the light meaning in the culture. Therefore, they often make business legal system for the officials. As a practical tool to squeeze people's super economic interests, they only know that they are taken from the people, and do not know how to use them for the sake of the people.
Secondly, the distribution of the property right base was unfair. The Yuan Dynasty official business, only inherited the management model and method of the former generation in the legal system of management and management, but in fact, because of the different property rights foundation, the production relationship represented by the government was completely different from the Tang and Song Dynasties, and its distribution system was "taking the world, all the parts of the land." The concretion of the principle of sharing the rich and the rich will inevitably lead to the oversupply of the Yuan government, and the financial squeeze on the Han people.
Third, the rule of law difference according to the popular custom. Based on the rule of law of "according to the vulgar", the power of Mongolia in the Yuan Dynasty is still applicable to the free industry and Commerce Law of the period of the Great Khan country. It can unscrupulously run and invest in industry and Commerce, even part of the industry and commerce. This inconsistent rule of law system has made the commercial legal system of Government Camp workers fight local hows. The political and economic role of a strong and restrained businessman is discounted.
Fourth, the operation mode of the direct labour system was backward. The industrial and commercial workers of the official business industry of the Yuan Dynasty originally came from the war prisoners of "only craftsmen," which made them call them "exemptions". After entering the yuan, the direct labour system was the main form of production and operation of the Yuan Dynasty official business. It is not slavery, but it is almost the same as slavery under state compulsion. Compared with the Song Dynasty's recruitment system, the labor system in the Yuan Dynasty is undoubtedly a retrogression in history.
Fifth, the supervision mechanism of management is not perfect. From the purely economic analysis, the biggest problem of the commercial legal system of the official camp workers is the control problem. Therefore, it is very necessary to establish an effective supervision mechanism, but this supervision mechanism is certainly expensive and imperfect. Degree is not a good solution to this problem, the Yuan Dynasty is the same. Corruption, serious illegal exploitation, high cost of production, low operating efficiency, and so on, and so on, all of the defects of the system in the Yuan Dynasty official camp workers exposed.
The commercial legal system of the official camp workers in the Yuan Dynasty played an important role in restoring and promoting the development of the national economy in the Yuan Dynasty. However, as the achievements of the official business industry were snatched by a few Mongolia power, the majority of the Central Plains people were reduced to the victims of the commercial legal system of the officials, which were exploited and squeezed without feeling, and eventually led to the poor people and the people. Poor countries are not rich, and the national economy is plunged into poverty and economic collapse. This historical lesson deserves careful review and reflection.
In a word, this article is a combination of law, history, economics and research results. This article studies the past, thinking is now, because I always have a belief that any country and nation are carrying the past to the future, the past and the present not only can not be separated, but also to build a good future together.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K247

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 舒炳麟;析元朝泛濫賜賚的痼疾[J];安徽大學(xué)學(xué)報;1995年03期

2 孫文學(xué);元朝失政之財政思考[J];財經(jīng)問題研究;2001年08期

3 劉莉亞;論元代礦產(chǎn)品的流通政策[J];河北大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2001年03期

4 高樹林;元朝鹽茶酒醋課研究[J];河北大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);1995年03期

5 陳杰林;論元代制酒業(yè)與酒業(yè)政策特點[J];淮北煤炭師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2003年02期

6 李瑩;劉春霞;;試論元朝之對外貿(mào)易與文化交流[J];沈陽航空工業(yè)學(xué)院學(xué)報;2005年06期

7 沈仁國;;論元代官場貪贓盛行的原因[J];江蘇教育學(xué)院學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2005年06期

8 潘少平;論元朝俸祿制度[J];南都學(xué)壇;2002年01期

9 吳鳳霞;元代四等人制產(chǎn)生的原因[J];廊坊師范學(xué)院學(xué)報;2001年01期

10 李治安;論元代的官吏貪贓[J];南開學(xué)報;2004年05期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 陳廣恩;元代西北經(jīng)濟開發(fā)研究[D];暨南大學(xué);2003年

2 劉莉亞;元代手工業(yè)研究[D];河北大學(xué);2004年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 劉莉亞;元代礦冶業(yè)研究[D];河北大學(xué);2001年

2 李海棠;儒學(xué)在元代的影響[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2001年

3 楊印民;元代酒俗、酒業(yè)和酒政[D];河北師范大學(xué);2003年

4 楊永平;元代商業(yè)和回回人[D];云南師范大學(xué);2003年

5 左鈺雯;元代蒙古統(tǒng)治者的儒治研究[D];云南師范大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號：2057667