本文選題：唐代后期 + 尚書省�。� 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：唐代初期,三省六部制最終確立并臻于完備。尚書省處于國家政務(wù)裁決的核心地位。作為國家最高行政機(jī)構(gòu),尚書省通過奏抄文書裁處國家日常庶務(wù),頒布政令,指揮與之相對應(yīng)的寺監(jiān)機(jī)構(gòu)和地方州府。但是,自高宗、武則天時(shí)代,宰相開始呈現(xiàn)出政務(wù)官化的傾向,使職、差遣逐漸發(fā)展。尚書省在國家行政運(yùn)行過程中的作用有所減弱。開元十一年(723),張說將政事堂改為中書門下,固定的合署辦公的宰相機(jī)構(gòu)成立。唐代行政運(yùn)行體制三省制結(jié)束,所謂“中書門下體制”初步確立。肅宗朝以來,中書門下宰相機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步政務(wù)官化,力圖取代尚書省成為國家最高行政機(jī)構(gòu),直接與尚書省展開地位和權(quán)力之爭。至憲宗一朝,中書門下最終成為國家日常庶務(wù)的主要承擔(dān)者,而尚書省在公文上下行過程中依然保有一定的裁決政務(wù)的權(quán)力和發(fā)出政令的權(quán)力,同時(shí)六部諸曹的主要職掌尚存,故在名義上保留了“天下政本”的地位。在行政運(yùn)行體制轉(zhuǎn)型的過程中,中央諸機(jī)構(gòu)的職能趨于模糊。御史臺(tái)、使職差遣和內(nèi)諸司在不同程度上擁有政令權(quán)力和事務(wù)權(quán)力,都對尚書省的權(quán)力形成沖擊。由于各種政治勢力的影響,尚書省在中書門下體制下,也呈現(xiàn)出新的特色。機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置,公務(wù)處理,行政運(yùn)行模式及都省對省內(nèi)的管理,都呈現(xiàn)新舊兩種體制并行的特征。唐代后期,統(tǒng)治者根據(jù)自身的需要,不斷地調(diào)整對尚書省——寺監(jiān)體系的政策,尚書省自覺、不自覺地對此作出回應(yīng)。一方面,其力圖維護(hù)在三省制下?lián)碛械牡匚�、職�?quán)；另一方面又開始轉(zhuǎn)型以適應(yīng)新的行政體制和復(fù)雜的政治環(huán)境。態(tài)度從被迫消極到積極主動(dòng)。因此在不同的歷史階段顯露出不同的特點(diǎn)。本文旨在論述自肅宗朝至唐末始終處于變化中的尚書省,進(jìn)而揭示開啟五代、宋以降唐代后期中央官制演進(jìn)進(jìn)程。
[Abstract]:In the early Tang Dynasty, the three provinces and six-part system was finally established and perfected. Shangshu province is at the core of the national government ruling. As the highest administrative organ of the state, the province of Shang Shu issued a decree by copying the daily affairs of the state, directing the corresponding monasteries and local state capitals. However, since Gao Zong, Wu Zetian era, the prime minister began to show the tendency of administrative officer, so that the post and dispatch gradually developed. The role of Shangshu province in the process of national administrative operation has been weakened. In 11 years of Kaiyuan, Zhang said that the government hall would be changed into a permanent co-operative prime minister organization. In Tang Dynasty, the three provinces system of administrative operation system ended, so-called "middle book system" was preliminarily established. Since the Suzong dynasty, the prime minister organization in the middle of the book department further became an administrative officer, trying to replace Shangshu province as the highest administrative organ of the state, and directly engaged in a struggle for status and power with Shangshu province. As soon as the constitution was formed, the middle school became the main bearer of the daily affairs of the state, and the province still retained the power to adjudicate government affairs and issue decrees in the course of the ups and downs of official documents. At the same time, the principal duties of the six Cao remained. Therefore, in name retained the status of "world government this". In the process of transformation of administrative operation system, the functions of central institutions tend to be blurred. The imperial court, so that the dispatch and internal departments in varying degrees have the power of government orders and affairs, all of which impact the power of Shangshu province. Due to the influence of various political forces, Shangshu Province also presents new features under the system of Chinese calligraphy. The institutional setup, public service handling, administrative operation mode and provincial management of the province all show the characteristics of the new and the old systems parallel. In the late Tang Dynasty, the ruler constantly adjusted the policy of Shangshu province-monastery supervision system according to his own needs, consciously and unconsciously responded to it. On the one hand, it tries to maintain its position and authority under the system of three provinces; on the other hand, it begins to transform to adapt to the new administrative system and complex political environment. Attitudes range from forced negativity to initiative. Therefore, in different historical stages show different characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the changing province of Shang Shu from the Suzong Dynasty to the end of the Tang Dynasty, and then to reveal the evolution process of the central official system in the late Tang Dynasty from the beginning of the five dynasties to the fall of the Song Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K242

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 劉后濱;;漢唐政治制度史中政務(wù)運(yùn)行機(jī)制研究述評[J];史學(xué)月刊;2012年08期

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本文編號：2030986