本文選題：漢晉之際 + 獨(dú)行群體�。� 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 在中國(guó)古代士人群體中,有這樣一群士人常常被我們所忽視:他們服膺于儒家的思想,崇尚道德,追求道德,嚴(yán)格按照傳統(tǒng)道德來(lái)約束自己的行為。統(tǒng)治階層優(yōu)待他們,普通民眾景仰他們,他們?cè)谥袊?guó)古代社會(huì)留下了深深的痕跡。但是隨著近代社會(huì)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)道德的批判,他們漸漸的淡出了我們的視野。這個(gè)士人群體便是獨(dú)行群體,如果我們想了解古代社會(huì)的全貌,就不能忽視對(duì)他們的研究。傳統(tǒng)史家曾經(jīng)給予獨(dú)行之士以極高的評(píng)價(jià),但是目前卻已經(jīng)很少有人關(guān)注這個(gè)群體了。 漢晉之際上承兩漢之質(zhì)樸,下開(kāi)六朝之浮華,社會(huì)道德隨著政權(quán)的分裂而不斷走向墮落,獨(dú)行群體也隨之發(fā)生變化。本文立足于漢晉之際的社會(huì)背景,希望對(duì)這一時(shí)期獨(dú)行群體及其演變做一次縝密的梳理。全文分為四個(gè)部分。第一部分旨在討論“獨(dú)行"的概念,并界定獨(dú)行群體的范圍,這是文章討論的基礎(chǔ)。第二部分分別從社會(huì)環(huán)境和道德觀念這主客觀兩個(gè)方面探討?yīng)毿腥后w轉(zhuǎn)變的社會(huì)背景。儒學(xué)的興起與衰落、察舉、征辟制的實(shí)行、統(tǒng)治思想的轉(zhuǎn)變都影響了道德觀念的變化,從而影響了獨(dú)行群體的轉(zhuǎn)變。文章的第三部分是本文的核心,分別介紹了東漢時(shí)期和魏晉之際的獨(dú)行之士的群體特征和道德追求,并且梳理了獨(dú)行群體的演變過(guò)程。第四部分分別從統(tǒng)治階層和普通民眾兩個(gè)角度討論了獨(dú)行群體在漢晉之際的社會(huì)上所產(chǎn)生的影響。本文的余論部分在探討顧炎武、趙翼等人對(duì)獨(dú)行之士的評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)獨(dú)行群體做出了簡(jiǎn)短的評(píng)價(jià)。我們應(yīng)該給予獨(dú)行之士更多的正面的評(píng)價(jià),看到他們積極的一面。全文旨在通過(guò)對(duì)獨(dú)行群體的研究,加深我們對(duì)古代士人群體的了解,希望對(duì)漢晉時(shí)期士人群體的研究做一點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充。
[Abstract]:In ancient China, there is a group of scholars who are often ignored by us: they are subject to Confucian thought, advocating morality, pursuing morality, strictly according to the traditional morality to restrain their behavior. The ruling class gave them preferential treatment and ordinary people admired them. They left deep marks in ancient Chinese society. But with the criticism of traditional morality in modern society, they gradually fade out of our field of vision. If we want to understand the whole of ancient society, we can not ignore the study of them. Traditional historians used to give high marks to lone-walkers, but little attention has been paid to this group. During the Han and Jin dynasties, the simplicity of the Han Dynasty and the splendor of the six dynasties were carried out. With the breakup of the political power, the social morality continued to degenerate, and the solitary group also changed. Based on the social background of Han and Jin dynasties, this paper hopes to make a careful combing of solitary groups and their evolution in this period. The full text is divided into four parts. The first part is to discuss the concept of "walking alone" and to define the scope of "solo group", which is the basis of the article. The second part discusses the social background of group transformation from the subjective and objective aspects of social environment and moral concept. The rise and decline of Confucianism, the practice of exploration, the reform of ruling ideology all influenced the change of moral concept and thus the change of solitary group. The third part of the article is the core of this paper, respectively introduced the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Wei and Jin period of the group characteristics and moral pursuit, and combed the evolution of the solo group. The fourth part discusses the influence of the independent group in the Han and Jin dynasties from the perspective of the ruling class and ordinary people. In the last part of this paper, based on the discussion of Gu Yanwu, Zhao Yi et al., the author makes a brief evaluation of the solo group. We should give more positive comments to those who walk alone and see their positive side. The purpose of this paper is to deepen our understanding of the group of scholars in ancient times through the study of the group walking alone, hoping to supplement the study of the group of scholars in the Han and Jin dynasties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：K235

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本文編號(hào)：2015236