本文選題：明代 + 經(jīng)濟監(jiān)察法規(guī)��； 參考：《湘潭大學》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 明朝是在元末農(nóng)民大起義推翻元朝的基礎上建立的封建王朝,鑒于元亡的教訓,明朝統(tǒng)治者總結前朝的經(jīng)驗,對監(jiān)察體制和法規(guī)作了進一步的發(fā)展和完善,并充分運用改造后的監(jiān)察系統(tǒng)對經(jīng)濟實行監(jiān)控。它不僅為中央監(jiān)控各級政府的財政收支、錢糧出納等財經(jīng)行為設置了細密的監(jiān)察網(wǎng)絡,同時,又以派遣御史出巡的方式讓中央的監(jiān)察效力直達地方基層,構建起信息的快速通達通道,為中央掌握地方經(jīng)濟建設的第一手信息提供便利。御史們被賦予了強大的執(zhí)行權力,對于犯有貪墨問題的地方官員有彈劾權力,對于地方經(jīng)濟建設有直接指導規(guī)劃能力。明代經(jīng)濟監(jiān)察制度保證了國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,也維護了政府財政的清明。其所確認的監(jiān)察體制、基本原則、基本規(guī)范,以及體系的建構、立法技術的成就、實際運行的可操作性等等,都是世界古代法制史上所少有的。 本文從明代眾多的監(jiān)察法規(guī)中抽出經(jīng)濟監(jiān)察法規(guī),以都察院、六科給事中、提刑按察司的順序進行闡述和分析,力爭做到每個監(jiān)察部門都能有一個從職責描述、行使方式到事畢回報的完整的描述,并在法條的基礎上查閱明代的經(jīng)濟史料,希望能夠以經(jīng)濟史料說明和印證經(jīng)濟監(jiān)察制度運行的情況,并簡單評估其績效。 本文從制度設計和運作方式兩個層面分析總結了明代經(jīng)濟監(jiān)察的特點。從制度設計層面看,明代的經(jīng)濟監(jiān)察具有主體多重、職權交叉;獨立監(jiān)察、任期限制的特點并且監(jiān)察法規(guī)細密而分散。從經(jīng)濟監(jiān)察運作層面看,其監(jiān)察的成效取決于皇帝,針對性強,監(jiān)察信息通達而有效。 最后指出明代的經(jīng)濟監(jiān)察為維護整個王朝的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展發(fā)揮了一定的作用,在明代高度集權體制下構建和運作的經(jīng)濟監(jiān)察制度,到今天仍有我們值得參考和借鑒的地方。
[Abstract]:The Ming Dynasty was established on the basis of the peasant uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty. In view of the lessons of the Yuan Dynasty, the rulers of the Ming Dynasty summed up the experience of the previous dynasties and made further development and improvement of the supervisory system and laws and regulations. And the full use of the transformation of the monitoring system to monitor the economy. It has not only set up a close supervisory network for financial and economic activities such as central monitoring of government revenue and expenditure at all levels, money and grain cashiers, etc., but at the same time, by sending imperial history to the local grassroots, it has also sent the central government's supervision effectiveness to the local grass-roots level. It is convenient for the central government to grasp the first-hand information of local economic construction by constructing a fast access to information. They are given strong executive powers, impeachment powers for local officials who commit corruption, and direct planning for local economic construction. The economic supervision system of Ming Dynasty ensured the development of national economy and maintained the clarity of government finance. The supervisory system, the basic principles, the basic norms, the construction of the system, the achievements of the legislative technology, the operability of the actual operation and so on, are rare in the history of the ancient legal system in the world. This article draws economic supervision regulations from the numerous supervision laws and regulations of the Ming Dynasty, and elaborates and analyzes the order of the judicial department of the court and six sections of the court, in order to make every supervisory department have a description of its duties. This paper gives a complete description of the return to the end of the work, and looks up the economic historical data of the Ming Dynasty on the basis of the articles of law, hoping to explain and confirm the operation of the economic supervision system with the economic historical data, and simply evaluate its performance. This paper analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of economic supervision in Ming Dynasty from two aspects of system design and operation mode. From the aspect of system design, the economic supervision in Ming Dynasty has many main bodies, overlapping functions and powers, independent supervision, the characteristics of tenure limit, and the fine and scattered supervision laws and regulations. From the operational aspect of economic supervision, the effectiveness of supervision depends on the emperor, strong pertinence and effective supervision information. Finally, it is pointed out that the economic supervision of the Ming Dynasty has played a certain role in maintaining the stability and development of the whole dynasty. The economic supervision system constructed and operated under the highly centralized system of the Ming Dynasty is still worthy of our reference and reference today.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K248

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本文編號：1865194