本文選題：律令　切入點(diǎn)：律令學(xué)　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2008年博士論文

【摘要】： 律令學(xué)是秦漢時(shí)期形成的一門以法律為主要研習(xí)對象的學(xué)問。秦漢律令學(xué)在學(xué)術(shù)上推動了法治思想與法律制度的健全與完善,在人才培養(yǎng)方面為秦漢社會造就了一大批諳熟法律知識、法律技能、法律思想的人才。 秦漢律令學(xué)的研究具有歷史與現(xiàn)實(shí)雙重目的。一方面,從歷史角度分析,對律令學(xué)的源流加以考辨可以清晰地認(rèn)識秦漢時(shí)期法律及其學(xué)說的發(fā)展趨勢,更為深入地考察這一時(shí)期法律文本及內(nèi)容的流傳,與此同時(shí)可以以點(diǎn)帶面地深化秦漢史研究。另一方面,隨著秦漢法律資料的出土,如何解讀這些法律資料以及如何探討秦漢時(shí)期人們對法律的認(rèn)識以及實(shí)踐都成為擺在學(xué)者面前的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題,而秦漢律令學(xué)的研究將有益于解決這些問題。 本文的研究以史書記載與秦漢簡牘為主要依據(jù),結(jié)合先秦法家著作、秦漢諸子著作,汲取現(xiàn)代學(xué)術(shù)界的研究成果,力圖構(gòu)建一個(gè)律令學(xué)的研究體系。在研究中,本文本著唯物史觀,采用二重證據(jù)法,同時(shí)將史學(xué)研究與現(xiàn)代政治學(xué)、法學(xué)理論相結(jié)合,擴(kuò)展研究視角,以期對課題研究有所裨益。 本文的研究主要把握兩條線索,其一是律令學(xué)的源流,其二是秦漢律令學(xué)的傳習(xí)內(nèi)容、傳承途徑、明法選舉以及“明習(xí)律令者”的家世、資歷與政治形象等具體問題。本文共分為導(dǎo)言、正文和結(jié)語三大部分: 導(dǎo)言。筆者分別對本文的選題意義、研究價(jià)值、研究目的與方法進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)地闡述,著重對本課題的學(xué)術(shù)研究進(jìn)行了回顧,并且對文中主要的“律令學(xué)”概念進(jìn)行了定義和說明。 正文共分為七章。 第一章是秦漢律令學(xué)的淵源與形成。其一,筆者依據(jù)先秦史料,分別梳理了商鞅變法前法的內(nèi)容、形式及其發(fā)展、流傳,從而提出春秋時(shí)期晉國的成文法是商君之法的主要來源。其二,筆者論述了商鞅變法與秦國律令的關(guān)系,提出商鞅既是秦漢法律的始作俑者,又是律令學(xué)的開山鼻祖。 第二章是秦漢律令學(xué)的演進(jìn)與流變。本章以時(shí)間順序縱向考察了秦漢律令學(xué)的演進(jìn)歷程與流變情況。根據(jù)不同時(shí)期律令學(xué)的具體情況,筆者分別論述了律令學(xué)發(fā)展的整體形勢,分析了律令學(xué)演進(jìn)的具體表現(xiàn)。以此為基礎(chǔ),筆者認(rèn)為秦漢律令學(xué)歷經(jīng)秦漢時(shí)期的發(fā)展演進(jìn),不僅并未衰落,而且為魏晉以至唐宋律學(xué)奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。 第三章是律令學(xué)傳習(xí)的內(nèi)容。本章對律令學(xué)所傳習(xí)的刑名思想、法律文本與律說、法律技能、法律道德以及法史知識進(jìn)行了梳理,并且舉例說明了秦漢時(shí)期人們傳習(xí)這些內(nèi)容的具體事例。 第四章是律令學(xué)的傳習(xí)途徑。筆者參考了前人的研究成果,將秦漢律令學(xué)的傳習(xí)途徑分為“以吏為師”、私學(xué)傳習(xí)以及經(jīng)、律兼修,并且分別進(jìn)行了闡釋。第五章是秦漢時(shí)期的明法選任制度。就秦代的通法選任制度而言,筆者分別從秦孝公頒布的“招賢令”、《商君書·定分》篇中的“法官法吏制”以及考課制度三個(gè)層面進(jìn)行了考證,從而得出結(jié)論:秦的通法選任對明習(xí)律令者入仕為官而言是非常有利的。關(guān)于漢代的明法選任制度,筆者分別考述了漢初的賢良選舉,“丞相四科”中的“明曉法令”科、“秀才三科”中的“明律令”科,“歲舉治獄平”,“文吏能箋奏”,以及考課制度中關(guān)于“頗知律令”的考課等內(nèi)容。由此提出漢代的明法選舉和明法考課制度為明習(xí)律令者入仕和升遷創(chuàng)造了有利的條件,并且隨著法官設(shè)置的不斷完善,明習(xí)律令者可以出任的官職也因此增多。 第六章是“明習(xí)律令者”的家世、資歷與政治形象。本章經(jīng)過分析得出結(jié)論:其一,“明習(xí)律令者”的家世,上至君主帝王,下至吏民,是一個(gè)規(guī)模龐大的群體;其二,在秦漢政治發(fā)展的進(jìn)程中,律令之學(xué)對官吏的仕途有著深刻的影響,但是律令學(xué)并不能滿足官吏仕宦的各種需求;其三,“明習(xí)律令者”以入仕為官者居多,尤以改革家、法學(xué)家、文吏、思想家為典型的政治形象。 第七章是律令學(xué)的特點(diǎn)、影響與局限。其中,律令學(xué)以“務(wù)為治”、普及性和功利性為突出的特點(diǎn),對秦漢時(shí)期的學(xué)術(shù)、政治、社會產(chǎn)生了積極的影響。與此同時(shí),由于律令學(xué)對政治的依賴性、對個(gè)人能力的提倡存在道德誤區(qū)以及受文教政策的影響而導(dǎo)致地位變化,因此在發(fā)展演進(jìn)的過程中出現(xiàn)了起伏和波動。 結(jié)語對本文關(guān)于律令學(xué)的研究進(jìn)行了總結(jié),分別就選題的重要性、律令學(xué)與經(jīng)學(xué)的關(guān)系以及律令學(xué)在中國古代法學(xué)史上的地位進(jìn)行了闡發(fā)。
[Abstract]:Law is a Han Dynasty formed by law as the main study object of learning. The study of LV Ling Xue in the academic promotion of legal theory and legal system to improve and perfect the culture, created a large number of familiar with the legal knowledge, as in the Qin and Han Dynasties legal talent skills, legal thought of talents.
Study on Qin LV Ling Xue has historical and realistic dual purpose. On the one hand, the analysis from the angle of history, the origin of law science to study can clearly understand the development trend of the Qin and Han Dynasties and its legal theory, spread more in-depth study of the legal text and content of this period, at the same time to deepen the study of Qin and Han Dynasty. On the other hand, with the Qin and Han Dynasties unearthed documents, how to interpret these data and how to explore the law of Qin and Han Dynasty people's understanding of law and practice have become a realistic problem in front of academics, research and study of LV Ling Xue will be beneficial to solve these problems.
This paper studies on the historical records and bamboo slips of Qin and Han Dynasty as the main basis, combined with the pre Qin legalist writings, Qin philosophers writings, learn the research achievements of modern academic circles, tries to construct a study system of law schools. In the research, this text with historical materialism, by the double evidence law, the history research of modern politics. The combination of legal theory, extends the research perspective, which is helpful to the research.
This paper mainly grasp two clues, one is the origin of law science, the teaching content, the learning way of inheritance law in Qin and Han Dynasties, Ming Ming Xi and election law law "of the family, seniority and political image and other specific issues. This paper consists of introduction, text and conclusion three parts:
Introduction. The author of this paper research significance, research value, research purpose and methods was systematically expounded, focuses on the academic research of this topic is reviewed, and the main "law school" concept are defined and explained.
The text is divided into seven chapters.
The first chapter is the origin and formation of the Qin and Han Dynasties of LV Ling Xue. First, according to the historical data, the method before Shang Yang reform contents were combing, form and development, spread, thus put forward the statute in the spring and Autumn period is the main source of Jin Shang law. Secondly, the author discusses the relationship between the reform of Shang Yang and Qin law this is the law of Qin and Han Dynasties, Shang Yang is the initiator of evil, the first person to learn the law.
The second chapter is the evolution and development of school regulations in the Qin and Han Dynasties. In this chapter, the time sequence of longitudinal study of evolution and change of Qin Han law schools. According to the specific circumstances of LV Ling Xue in different periods, the author discusses the legal science development overall situation, analyzes the concrete manifestation of law science evolution. Based on this, the author thinks that the development of law education in Qin and Han Dynasties of Qin and Han Dynasty, not only did not decline, but also laid a solid foundation for the Wei Jin and Tang temperament.
The third chapter is the biography of LV Ling Xue content. This chapter of the law science education legal thoughts, legal texts and legal skills, legal law, morality and law knowledge are summarized, and examples of specific examples of people in Qin and Han Dynasties biography of the content.
The fourth chapter is the traditional way of LV Ling Xue. The author made reference to previous research results, the training way of study of LV Ling Xue is divided into "the history", and the private school law school, and, and are interpreted. The fifth chapter is the Qin and Han Dynasty Ming method selection system. The selection method of the Qin Dynasty system, the author from the promulgation of "Xiao Zhao Xian", "Shang Jun Shu, set the" article in the "law of judge of official system and examination system of the three aspects of research, and comes to the conclusion that the method of selection of Qin Ming Xi law official who is good Han Ming. A method selection system, the author studies the early Han virtuous election," prime minister "in four," Xiao Ming act "," scholar three "in the" law "," years of Prison Administration for peace "," Wenli can play, and the letter "on the system of "Quite know the law" and so on. The Han Dynasty and Ming Ming electoral law law examination system to create favorable conditions for the people who studied laws and decrees and official promotion, and as a judge set of continuous improvement, Mingxi law can serve as the official also increased.
The sixth chapter is "Ming Xi law" of the family, seniority and political image. This chapter draws a conclusion through analysis: first, "Ming Xi law" of the family, to the emperor, down to the people, is a large scale group; secondly, in the process of political development in the Qin and Han Dynasties, law the school has a profound impact on the official career, but the law university cannot satisfy the various needs of political officials; thirdly, "Ming Xi law" to the official majority, especially in the reformer, the jurist, Wen Li, thinker is a typical political image.
The seventh chapter is the characteristics of law science, influence and limitations. Among them, the "Wu LV Ling Xue as a rule, the popularity and utility for the outstanding characteristics of politics in Qin and Han Dynasties, academic, has a positive impact on society. At the same time, due to the dependence of Political Science law, advocating for individual ability there are ethical problems and the influence of educational policy due to the change of status, so in the course of development appeared in the ups and downs.
The conclusion summarizes the research on the law school, are topics of importance, and through the study of the relationship between law science and law science in ancient law China history status were analyzed.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K233

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 宋磊;尚t$;;張家山漢簡“奴婢代戶”律制定時(shí)間及其作用探析[J];蘭臺世界;2012年24期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 懷海波;明清律學(xué)的內(nèi)容與方法研究[D];南京師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：1718500