發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-20 12:50

  本文選題：河西走廊　切入點(diǎn)：民族結(jié)構(gòu)　出處：《蘭州大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：河西走廊歷來就是各民族雜居之地。西漢統(tǒng)治河西以前,這里有塞種、烏孫、月氏、匈奴等少數(shù)民族棲息繁衍。漢武帝擊敗匈奴后,設(shè)置河西四郡,移民實(shí)邊,這里成為以漢族為主、胡漢交融的地區(qū)。魏晉北朝是北中國民族結(jié)構(gòu)變動(dòng)最為劇烈的時(shí)期,河西走廊也不例外。曹魏王朝對(duì)河西統(tǒng)治較為薄弱,本土漢族大姓勢(shì)力雄張,諸郡豪族割據(jù)自立,掀起動(dòng)亂,同時(shí)盧水胡、羌等少數(shù)民族也紛起響應(yīng)。魏晉時(shí)期,河西土著的氐、羌、盧水胡及休屠胡,紛紛東遷關(guān)中或南下西蜀；而鮮卑族則從東北遷徙到西北,尤其是禿發(fā)樹機(jī)能領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的河西鮮卑,在西晉時(shí)掀起了歷時(shí)較長的反抗斗爭；一些西域胡人尤其是粟特人,因?yàn)榻?jīng)商貿(mào)易而來到河西。這與當(dāng)時(shí)“五胡入華”的整體形勢(shì)是相一致的。西晉末發(fā)生永嘉之亂,大量中原漢族流寓河西,使?jié)h文化在河西地區(qū)得以延續(xù),從而確保了漢文化在河西走廊的地位。十六國時(shí)期,前涼、西涼是漢族大姓建立的地方政權(quán),尤其是前秦時(shí)期還遷徙了一萬七千余戶中原漢人來到河西西部。而從關(guān)隴西來的氐族、河西鮮卑及留居本土的盧水胡,在河西走廊分別建立了后涼、南涼與北涼王國。這一時(shí)期人口的掠奪性移動(dòng)較強(qiáng),前涼、后涼、北涼為中原王朝所滅后,許多涼州人戶被徙出河西,尤其是北涼亡國后,涼州三萬余家被遷往代北,沮渠氏余裔又裹挾了萬余家進(jìn)入西域,使得河西人口銳減,深刻地影響到北朝河西社會(huì)的變化。伴隨著鮮卑族在河西走廊的統(tǒng)治,北朝時(shí)期許多漠北少數(shù)民族如匈奴、稽胡、高車等族紛紛南下,進(jìn)入河西；由于北魏政府的西域招引政策,大量西域胡人東來中原,在河西走廊經(jīng)商貿(mào)易,甚至定居營農(nóng),成為中原王朝的編戶百姓。這樣,在北朝時(shí)期的河西地區(qū)形成了新型的民族結(jié)構(gòu)。這一時(shí)期,河西漢族大姓勢(shì)力衰歇,不得不依附于鮮卑族的統(tǒng)治。
[Abstract]:The Hexi Corridor is always the ethnic place. Before the Western Han dynasty ruled the west, there is a plug, Wusun, Yuezhi, Huns and other ethnic minorities inhabitation. Han Dynasty defeated the Huns, set four counties in Hexi, immigrants, it mainly in the Han nationality, Hu Han blend area the Wei and Jin Dynasties is the most intense. The period for the North China national structure changes, the Hexi Corridor is no exception. The Cao Wei Dynasty in Hexi rule is relatively weak, the local Han surname Zhang Xiong Zhu Junhao forces, ethnic separatist unrest and self-reliance, set off, Lu Hu, Qiang and other ethnic minorities also flared up. The response of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Hexi native Di, Qiang, Lu water and Tuhu Hu Hugh, have moved eastward or southward in Guanzhong; while Xianbei is migrating from the northeast to the northwest, especially in the leadership of the Xianbei baldness tree function, set off a fight lasted longer in the Western Jin Dynasty; some Western barbarian especially Sogdian, because trade came to west. This was the "five overall situation of Hu Ruhua" is consistent. The Western Jin Dynasty occurred at the end of the chaos in Yongjia, a large number of Han nationality in the west, Chinese cultural continuity in the Hexi area, so as to ensure the status of Chinese culture in the Hexi corridor. In the period of sixteen, before the cool, is the local government to establish Han surname Xiliang, especially qianqin period also migrated ten thousand households more than 7000 han to the West from the Longxi to the West. The dizu and local residents, Hexi Xianbei Lu Hu, in the Hexi Corridor were established after the cold, cold and cold north south predatory kingdom. This period the population movement is strong, cool before, after the cold, cold North Central Plains Dynasty destroyed, many people in Liangzhou are a household migration West, especially north cold after the subjugation of Liangzhou more than thirty thousand, was moved to the north, Juqu's more than American and coerced into 10000 In the western regions, the west population, profoundly affects the change of the west society. Along with the Xianbei ruled in the Hexi Corridor, the Northern Dynasties many Mobei ethnic minorities such as the Huns, Ji Hu, Gaoche tribe fled south, West into the western region; because of the government's policy to attract a large number of East to West Hu. The Central Plains, the Hexi Corridor in trade, and even settled farmers, become the Central Plains Dynasty compiled people. Thus, the formation of the national new structure in Hexi area in the Northern Dynasties. During this period, West Han surname power failure, had to depend on the Xianbei rule.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K235

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