本文選題：漢代　切入點(diǎn)：道家　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2008年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)失衡等生態(tài)問題日益凸現(xiàn)。作為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化重要組成部分的漢代道家,注重對(duì)人類生存問題的關(guān)懷,蘊(yùn)涵著豐富而深刻的生態(tài)思想,對(duì)它的研究和利用有助于我們解決現(xiàn)代生態(tài)問題,具有不可低估的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文采用歷史學(xué)、生態(tài)學(xué)和生態(tài)哲學(xué)等多學(xué)科交叉的研究思路,借助于現(xiàn)代生態(tài)學(xué),特別是西方生態(tài)倫理學(xué)的理(?),以現(xiàn)代的視角專題式對(duì)漢代道家生態(tài)思想進(jìn)行了較深入挖掘和系統(tǒng)的梳理。 漢代道家生態(tài)思想體系的形成有著廣泛而深刻的歷史淵源。本文認(rèn)為遠(yuǎn)古神話傳說中的生態(tài)意識(shí)是道家生態(tài)思想的源頭之一,如神人一體、圖騰崇拜等思想,反映的正是先民原始的萬(wàn)物平等之生態(tài)意識(shí)。其次是先秦道家順應(yīng)自然的無為思想、物無貴賤的平等思想、知足寡欲的節(jié)儉思想、保護(hù)生物資源的環(huán)保思想、尊重生命的貴生思想、豈盼社會(huì)安寧的和平思想等等,這些內(nèi)容是漢代道家生態(tài)思想的直接理論基礎(chǔ)。此外,先秦儒家、墨家、法家等學(xué)派中的生態(tài)思想也是漢代道家生態(tài)思想的有益補(bǔ)充。 漢代道家生態(tài)思想建立在道家以“道”為宗的哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)之上。以“道”為宗的宇宙生成論衍生了生態(tài)思想中的萬(wàn)物平等觀;天地人和諧的三氣論提供了自然、社會(huì)、人類和諧發(fā)展的思想基礎(chǔ):以和為本的陰陽(yáng)五行論奠定了生態(tài)發(fā)展的和諧平衡思想。 以現(xiàn)代的視角去審視漢代道家的生態(tài)思想,其內(nèi)容較為豐富和全面。并且與現(xiàn)代生態(tài)思想具有一致性。這些思想包括:生態(tài)倫理思想,表現(xiàn)為尊重自然、尊重生命、尊重萬(wàn)物的傳統(tǒng):生態(tài)保護(hù)思想,表現(xiàn)為對(duì)人及萬(wàn)物生存環(huán)境的保護(hù),對(duì)飛禽走獸、花鳥蟲魚等一切生命現(xiàn)象的保護(hù),對(duì)生命所依賴的大地、土壤、山川和水源的保護(hù)以及對(duì)人類生存所需糧食等生活資源的重視;生態(tài)和諧思想,包括對(duì)自然界自身和諧的尊重、對(duì)人類自身和諧的重視和對(duì)人類與自然界和諧的追求;社會(huì)生態(tài)思想,漢代道家提倡社會(huì)消費(fèi)的合理與平衡,反對(duì)奢侈消費(fèi);渴望人與社會(huì)、人與人之間公平發(fā)展,向往和倡導(dǎo)社會(huì)和平環(huán)境。 漢代道家生態(tài)思想不是理論懸置,而是廣泛地根植于社會(huì)實(shí)踐當(dāng)中,對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)產(chǎn)生了積極的影響。這些影響表現(xiàn)為:一是漢代法律政令中包含有很多生態(tài)保護(hù)的內(nèi)容;二是生態(tài)觀念貫穿在當(dāng)時(shí)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中,道家順應(yīng)天地自然、注重天地人和諧的思想,在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害中起了良好的指導(dǎo)作用;三是對(duì)社會(huì)生活的影響。道家的貴生思想導(dǎo)致了漢代養(yǎng)生之風(fēng)的盛行,道家養(yǎng)生理論的豐富、養(yǎng)生之術(shù)的發(fā)展不僅使?jié)h代養(yǎng)生之風(fēng)深入民間,而且使修煉成仙之風(fēng)也大行其道,對(duì)道教的形成起到了推波助瀾的作用。 在建設(shè)和諧社會(huì)和生態(tài)文明的今天,漢代道家生態(tài)思想仍然不失其借鑒意義,至少可以使我們?cè)谌齻�(gè)方面有所啟示:有助于我們形成正確的自然觀,有利于我們樹立科學(xué)的發(fā)展觀,有益于我們培養(yǎng)健康的人生觀。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern science and technology, environmental pollution, ecological imbalance and other ecological problems. As an important part of the traditional culture of the Han Dynasty Taoist Chinese, cares for the problem of human existence, contains rich ecological thoughts and profound, and the research on it will help us to solve ecological problems today, with reality the significance should not be underestimated. This paper uses the history, research ideas of interdisciplinary ecology and ecological philosophy, with the help of modern ecology, especially western ecological ethics from the perspective of Science (?), the special type of modern in-depth mining and systematic review of the Taoist ecological ideology of Han Dynasty.
Taoist ecological ideology of the Han Dynasty have a broad and deep historical origins. This paper argues that the ecological consciousness of the ancient myths and legends is one source of Taoist ecological ideology, such as theanthropism, totem worship thought, reflects the equality of all things primitive ecological consciousness. Second is the pre Qin Taoism inaction thought natural adaptation the thought of equality are equal, with stoic thought of economy, the protection of biological resources, the idea of environmental protection, respect for life is your thoughts, hope a peaceful society peace of mind and so on, these contents are direct theoretical basis of Han Dynasty Taoist ecological ideology. In addition, the pre Qin Confucian, Mohist, Legalist Thought and ecological beneficial supplement school is the Han Dynasty Taoist ecological ideology.
The Han Dynasty Taoist ecological ideology based on Taoist "Tao" as the philosophical basis of the above cases. Based on "Tao" in the universe of derivative things ecological thinking of the concept of equality; providing natural gas, three, on the harmonious society, the ideological foundation of the harmonious development of human beings: lay a harmonious balance thought of ecological development to the Yin Yang and the five elements theory.
In a modern perspective to examine the ecological thoughts of Taoism, its content is rich and comprehensive, and is consistent with modern ecological thoughts. These thoughts include: ecological ethics, show respect for nature, respect for life, respect for the traditional things: Thinking of ecological protection, and performance for the right protection, the living environment of all things for the protection of birds and animals, birds, fish and all life phenomena, lives depend on the land, soil and water protection, mountains and paying attention to food for the survival of human beings and other living resources; ecological harmony, including the harmony of the respect for the nature of human beings themselves, harmony of human and nature in harmony and attention pursuit; thought of social ecology, Taoism advocates social consumption reasonable and balanced against luxury consumption; for people and society, between people and equitable development, and promoting social yearning for A peaceful environment.
The Han Dynasty Taoist ecological ideology theory is not suspended, but widely rooted in social practice, has a positive impact on society at that time. These influences are: one is the legal decrees in Han Dynasty has many ecological protection content; the two is the ecological concept through agricultural production practice in the world, with Taoism the natural world, focusing on the idea of harmony, in agricultural production, played a good role in guiding to cope with natural disasters; the three is the impact on social life. Your health Taoist thought led to the health of the Han Dynasty vogue, Taoist health theory and the development of the health of the operation of the health of the Han Dynasty not only makes the wind deep the people, and make an immortal wind are also popular, contributed to the formation of Taoism.
鍦ㄥ緩璁懼拰璋愮ぞ浼?xì)鍜岀敓妫?

本文編號(hào)：1616411