發(fā)布時間：2018-02-04 05:28

  本文關鍵詞： 家訓 唐宋時期 士大夫 治家方式　出處：《河北師范大學》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 本文主要依據(jù)家訓資料,從傳統(tǒng)家庭生活經(jīng)營觀念以及家庭生活治理方式的角度,分析了唐宋時期士大夫的家訓中有異于以往的內(nèi)容,進而對比考察了唐宋時期士大夫家庭在生活價值觀念、家庭治理方式上的變化。 家訓是規(guī)范家庭成員行為、處理家庭事務的準則,又稱為“家范”、“家戒(誡)”、“家規(guī)”或“家儀”等,包括口頭家訓和書面家訓兩種形式。廣義而言,家訓是前人向后代傳授修身治家、為人處世道理的方式,內(nèi)容涉及到修身養(yǎng)性、養(yǎng)家治家、勵志勉學、為人處世等各方面;狹義而言,家訓指一般的與訓子治家內(nèi)容相關的文獻資料和家譜中的家規(guī)族約。家訓的形式既有語錄、格言,又有散文、詩歌等體裁;既有專著,又有文集史傳中的只言片語。 家訓是用來規(guī)范家庭成員行為,處理家庭事務的一種準則,是長輩基于自身經(jīng)驗對后代的教誨和勸勉,包括家庭的秩序準則、倫理關系、治家方略等方面。對于家庭而言,家訓具有“家法”的性質(zhì),是傳統(tǒng)宗法社會的一種重要文化現(xiàn)象,也是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的內(nèi)在組成部分。有的是根據(jù)自己的生活經(jīng)驗寫成的,也有的是根據(jù)祖上遺言或族規(guī)修訂而成,都是生活實踐經(jīng)驗的總結(jié)之談,極富哲理性、針對性,并具備一定程度的可信性和可操作性。本文在前人研究基礎上,運用文獻研究法、個案分析法和比較法對中國古代的家訓進行研究。由于有家訓的家庭大都屬于士大夫階層,所以本文考察的主要是唐宋時期士大夫家庭治家方式的發(fā)展變化。 家庭經(jīng)濟是在家庭院落的范圍內(nèi),人們憑借自有或者部分自有生產(chǎn)資料進行的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動;家庭生活治理方式屬于家庭經(jīng)濟的范疇,是對人們的日常經(jīng)濟生活中的具體管理觀念、治理手段以及運作過程。本文談到的治家方式,主要是指人們的生活狀態(tài)與生存技巧,是為了更好生存生活下去而進行的一種計劃和安排。文章分為四個部分: 第一部分先考察家庭經(jīng)濟生活的治理。經(jīng)濟生活中首先涉及的是生產(chǎn)、交換、分配及消費一系列生產(chǎn)與再生產(chǎn)活動,通過對這些方面的考察,可以看出當時社會士大夫階層的經(jīng)濟運作過程,在此基礎上具體分析該階層治家方式的可行性安排。 家庭生活治理的一些固有的制度性和習慣性安排全都是在日常生活中形成的,但是由于日常生活的瑣碎零亂,我們又不能一一分析,因此關于日常生活的第二部分就著重分析與經(jīng)濟有關的方面,比如士大夫階層的家庭管理觀念,對待婚喪嫁娶問題的看法等等。這部分試圖考察一下體現(xiàn)在日常生活中的經(jīng)濟觀念,以及關于生活治理方式的具體理念與安排。 第三部分是全篇的重點。以唐宋時期家訓為重點,對魏晉南北朝時期家訓內(nèi)容加以追述,以及元明清時期家訓內(nèi)容的補充,理出一條線索,總結(jié)出當時士大夫階層治家方式的特點,從而引申到家庭治理方式的發(fā)展、改進情況,并分析其中的原因。 第四部分是治家方式中理想狀態(tài)與現(xiàn)實生活的差異。家訓中倡導的生活管理方式未必就是當時真實的生活寫照,家訓反映的情況與具體實際生活中的情況或許會有出入,也會有一些言過其實的成份,所以簡單分析一下家訓中的規(guī)定條款與實際生活情況的差距及其原因也很有必要。
[Abstract]:This paper is mainly based on the data from the family, the traditional family life management concept and family life governance perspective, analyzes the different from the past, the Tang and Song Dynasties literati s content, and then investigated the concept of the Tang and Song Dynasties literati family in the life value, change of family governance pattern.
Family is the norm of family members, family affairs guidelines, also known as the "player", "quit (commandment)", "rules" or "home" instrument, including oral and written instructions instructions in two forms. Generally speaking, the previous motto is to future generations to Zhijia, Weirenchushi truth the method involves self-cultivation, family management, persuading study, for all aspects of life; in narrow sense, refers to the family of literature and genealogies and training related to the content of the sub family family. The family about the form of both words and sayings, lattice, prose, poetry and other genres; both monographs and essays on history in a word or two.
Family is used to regulate the behavior of family members, a criterion of family affairs, is the elder experience of its own offspring education and encourage families including order based on standards, ethics, family aspects of policy. For families, family with "nature of law", is an important cultural phenomenon in the traditional patriarchal society also, the traditional culture of the Chinese nation to the inner part. Some are written according to his own life experience, but also some words or revised according to ancestors and clan, is the life of practice and experience to talk about, very philosophical, targeted, and have a certain degree of credibility and maneuverability in this article. On the basis of previous studies, using the literature research method, case analysis method and comparative method of Chinese ancient family motto. Because family family mostly belong to the literati class, so the study Is the main development mode of scholar bureaucrat families in the Tang and Song dynasties.
The economy is in the range of family family courtyard, people with their own or part of its own production data for the production and business activities; family governance belongs to family economic category, is on the daily economic life of the specific management concepts and means of governance and operation process. This paper talked about the family, mainly refers to the life state and survival skills of the people, is a kind of plans and arrangements for better living to live. The article is divided into four parts:
The first part first examines the governance of family economic life. The first relates to the economic life of the production, exchange, distribution and consumption, a series of production and reproduction activities, through the study of these aspects of the process of economic operation, we can see that society of the intelligentsia, on the basis of detailed analysis of the feasibility of class family management methods arrangement.
Family governance some inherent institutional and customary arrangements are all formed in daily life, but because of trivial daily life disorder, we can not 11 analysis, the second part focuses on the analysis about the daily life and economic related aspects, such as the literati class family management ideas, treat weddings and funerals views on the issue and so on. This part tries to examine the economic concept embodied in the daily life, as well as specific ideas about life and the way of governance arrangements.
The third part is the emphasis of family. In the Tang and Song dynasties as the key of the Wei and Jin Dynasties to recount and supplementary instructions, Yuan Ming and Qing Dynasties family instructions, find out a clue, summarizes the characteristics of literati at that time, family, and extended development, home improvement of governance, and analysis one of the reasons.
The fourth part is the difference between ideal and real life in ways. Advocating life management in the family is not necessarily the real portrayal of life, family reflect the situation and specific situations in life may differ, there will also be some exaggerated ingredients, so a simple analysis of the terms and provisions of instructions the actual life situation and the reasons for the gap is also very necessary.

【學位授予單位】：河北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K242;K244

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 張國剛;;論“唐宋變革”的時代特征[J];江漢論壇;2006年03期

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本文編號：1489457