淺埋煤層采場覆巖破壞及地表移動規(guī)律研究
[Abstract]:As the seventh largest coalfield in the world, Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield occupies about 1/3 of the proven reserves in China. Its construction and development will lay a good energy base for the country's "Belt and Road" strategy. A large number of mining practices show that, as a typical area where shallow coal seams occur, roof disasters occur from time to time due to severe mine pressure in the process of mining, and at the same time, mining causes rock strata and surface movement, resulting in surface collapse. It exacerbates soil erosion and desertification on the surface of the earth. In view of this, it is an important task to study the failure mechanism of overburden rock structure in shallow coal seam stope and to establish a reasonable subsidence model and prediction theory in shallow coal seam mining area. In this paper, the strata movement and surface subsidence caused by the mining face in the southern mining area of Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield are taken as the main research objects, and the methods of field observation, theoretical analysis, mathematical modeling and verification are adopted in this paper. The rules of overburden rock failure and surface movement in shallow coal seam are studied. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) based on the elastic thin plate theory, according to the boundary conditions of initial pressure and periodic pressure in the stope, The mechanical model of roof under different boundary conditions is established, the deformation and mechanical characteristics of the main roof before and after roof fracture are analyzed, and the prediction formulas of the first pressure and periodic step distance of the main roof are put forward. The parameter analysis of the factors affecting the first step distance of stope roof is carried out. According to the measured data of mine pressure in different working faces, the theoretical calculation value and the field measured value are compared and analyzed. The reliability and applicability of the model are verified. (2) according to the characteristics of the influence of the leading support pressure on the stress distribution of the surrounding rock of the withdrawal passage in the late mining stage of the working face, the concept of the stage of final mining is defined; based on the mechanism of coordinated deformation of the main roof and the direct roof, The direct roof mechanics model of the end mining stage is established, and the formula for calculating the roof pressure in the end mining stage is given. This paper analyzes the functional relationship between the step distance of the main roof period and the direct roof parameters in the stage of the end mining. (3) according to the dynamic distribution characteristics of the leading supporting pressure of the stope in the stage of the end mining, the influence process of the withdrawal passage by the leading supporting pressure of the working face is analyzed. The starting distance of the withdrawal passage affected by dynamic mining is determined, and the range of final mining stage is quantitatively given. (4) through the monitoring of mine pressure in 15201 face of Zhangjiaomao Coal Mine, the initial supporting force of support in the process of mining is analyzed. Based on the dynamic change process and distribution characteristics of final resistance, the characteristics of support in stope are analyzed and evaluated, and the basic rules of mine pressure in shallow coal seam are obtained. (5) according to the surface subsidence model of three dimensional elastic thin plate, The prediction formula of surface movement caused by underground excavation is derived, the dynamic surface subsidence prediction model is established based on Schnute time function, and the characteristics and laws of surface subsidence under different speeds and times are analyzed.
【學位授予單位】:西安科技大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:TD325
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