【摘要】：北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)從建設(shè)完成至投入使用以來(lái),系統(tǒng)性能日益提高,將在2018年通過(guò)定位導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星、通信衛(wèi)星、遙感衛(wèi)星和氣象衛(wèi)星等共同向“一帶一路”沿線國(guó)家構(gòu)筑“天基絲路”。北斗導(dǎo)航將以政府推動(dòng)、企業(yè)盈利與個(gè)人免費(fèi)三種模式在“一帶一路”沿線國(guó)家廣泛使用。但由于衛(wèi)星信號(hào)的不穩(wěn)定性、“一帶一路”沿線國(guó)情與地域的復(fù)雜性以及北斗在“一帶一路”推廣主體的多樣性,北斗導(dǎo)航應(yīng)用中可能會(huì)給用戶帶來(lái)不可避免的損害。北斗在“一帶一路”沿線國(guó)家產(chǎn)生損害的類型以受損害對(duì)象來(lái)區(qū)分,可分為北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)給其他導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)造成的損害、北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)給用戶造成的損害、北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)給第三方造成的損害。上述損害應(yīng)依據(jù)國(guó)際法和國(guó)內(nèi)法來(lái)承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任,分為兩類:(1)依國(guó)際法律規(guī)則承擔(dān)損害賠償,包括國(guó)際法上的國(guó)際責(zé)任制度、《責(zé)任公約》規(guī)定的損害賠償制度、以及北斗與“一帶一路”沿線國(guó)家的協(xié)議約定;(2)依我國(guó)民事法律規(guī)則承擔(dān)損害賠償,應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循有損害有賠償、過(guò)錯(cuò)賠償以及無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)賠償原則�，F(xiàn)有的損害賠償法律機(jī)制對(duì)北斗在“一帶一路”應(yīng)用中損害賠償法律問(wèn)題的解決仍有著局限性。因此,完善現(xiàn)有的損害賠償機(jī)制十分必要。首先,要完善國(guó)際空間法框架下的損害賠償法律機(jī)制,擴(kuò)大現(xiàn)有損害賠償?shù)呢?zé)任主體,規(guī)范損害賠償?shù)姆秶?并明確條約的選擇適用。其次,建立“一帶一路”下“北斗”損害賠償機(jī)制,可以在“一帶一路”爭(zhēng)端解決中心下建立以“數(shù)據(jù)管轄權(quán)原則”為基礎(chǔ)、通過(guò)仲裁程序解決糾紛的“北斗爭(zhēng)議處理中心”。最后,構(gòu)建我國(guó)民事體制下的“北斗”損害賠償機(jī)制。除了依據(jù)傳統(tǒng)損害賠償制度外,還應(yīng)當(dāng)通過(guò)建立責(zé)任保險(xiǎn)制度、設(shè)立“北斗”損害賠償基金等方式,來(lái)化解因衛(wèi)星信號(hào)致?lián)p而侵權(quán)人無(wú)力賠償?shù)睦Ь场?br/>[Abstract]:The performance of the Beidou satellite navigation system has been improving day by day since it was completed and put into use. In 2018, it will adopt a navigation satellite and a communications satellite. Remote sensing satellites and meteorological satellites together build a space-based silk road to countries along the Belt and Road. Beidou Navigation will be widely used in countries along the "Belt and Road" route by government-driven, corporate profit and personal free models. However, due to the instability of satellite signals, the complexity of national conditions and regions along "Belt and Road" and the diversity of Beidou's main body in "Belt and Road", the application of Beidou navigation may bring inevitable harm to users. The types of damage caused by Beidou in the countries along the "Belt and Road" can be divided into the damage caused by the Beidou navigation system to other navigation systems and the damage caused by the Beidou navigation system to the users. Damage to third parties caused by Beidou Navigation system. Such damage shall be subject to legal liability under international and domestic law and shall be divided into two categories: (1) compensation for damage under international legal rules, including the regime of international liability under international law and the regime of compensation for damage provided for in the liability Convention, And the agreement between Beidou and the countries along "Belt and Road"; (2) the principle of compensation for damages, fault compensation and no-fault compensation should be followed in accordance with the rules of civil law of our country. The existing legal mechanism of compensation for damages is still limited in the application of Beidou in the application of "Belt and Road". Therefore, it is necessary to perfect the existing damage compensation mechanism. First of all, it is necessary to perfect the legal mechanism of damages under the framework of international space law, expand the existing liability subjects for damages, standardize the scope of damages, and clarify the choice and application of treaties. Secondly, the establishment of "Beidou" damage compensation mechanism under "Belt and Road" can establish the "Beidou dispute settlement Center" under the "Belt and Road" dispute settlement Center, which is based on the "data jurisdiction principle" and resolves disputes through arbitration procedures. Finally, the construction of our civil system under the "Beidou" damage compensation mechanism. In addition to the traditional damage compensation system, we should establish the liability insurance system and establish the "Beidou" damage compensation fund to resolve the plight of the infringer who is unable to compensate for the satellite signal damage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D99

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