本文選題：中國　切入點：拉丁美洲　出處：《對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：國際產(chǎn)能合作是近幾年中國外交的新名片,在高層領(lǐng)導的外交辭令中頻繁出現(xiàn)。全球價值鏈調(diào)整的大背景下,中國提出國際產(chǎn)能合作,這是基于我國“新常態(tài)”的現(xiàn)狀和“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略提出的新思路,盡管不是新名詞,但在新興經(jīng)濟體成為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展主要動力的當今社會,中國提出的國際產(chǎn)能合作具有新的意義。它打破了發(fā)達國家向發(fā)展中國家產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的模式。拉丁美洲分布有33個發(fā)展中國家,是世界發(fā)展中國家聚集地區(qū)。自從中國加入WTO,中拉經(jīng)貿(mào)合作和投資合作發(fā)展迅速。近幾年我國政府首腦頻繁出訪拉美國家,足以說明拉丁美洲在中國泛太平洋發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和南南合作方面所具有的重要意義。中國當下裝備制造業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩,并且相當一部分富余產(chǎn)能為優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)能,在國內(nèi)市場相對飽和的情況下,開拓國外市場便成了必然選擇。拉美各國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平不一,大部分國家基礎(chǔ)設置不健全,工業(yè)發(fā)展落后,中國應抓住拉美國家工業(yè)體系建設的訴求。配合著拉美地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需求,中拉產(chǎn)業(yè)貿(mào)易互補性和發(fā)展階段的差異性為兩地區(qū)間產(chǎn)能合作打下基礎(chǔ)。本文先從中國轉(zhuǎn)型、拉美發(fā)展和雙邊經(jīng)濟合作多元化需求三個角度闡釋中拉產(chǎn)能合作的必要性。在產(chǎn)能合作的落實上,從產(chǎn)業(yè)、政策和資金三個方面說明中拉產(chǎn)能合作獲得的支撐,并基于三方面的整合,進一步闡釋李克強總理提出的“3*3”中拉合作新模式的內(nèi)容。中拉產(chǎn)能合作是深化中拉經(jīng)濟合作的新嘗試和新探索,面臨著多個方面的困難和挑戰(zhàn)。首先,從產(chǎn)能合作的主要領(lǐng)域——制造業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀看,制造業(yè)面臨著量的增長過快,而質(zhì)的發(fā)展速度滯后的矛盾。其次,美國、歐洲等國也將拉美視為重要合作區(qū)域,國際競爭激烈。再次,從拉美自身來看,區(qū)域一體化發(fā)展緩慢,各個國家發(fā)展水平差距大,對中國的政策也各有不同,增加了中拉合作的難度。此外,在推進國際產(chǎn)能合作過程中,中國經(jīng)驗積累尚淺,加之中拉文化差異大,都是中拉產(chǎn)能合作面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。面對這些困難和挑戰(zhàn),本文從政治、經(jīng)濟、文化三個角度為深化中拉產(chǎn)能合作提供了一些建議。
[Abstract]:International capacity cooperation is a new business card of China's diplomacy in recent years. It has frequently appeared in diplomatic rhetoric of senior leaders. In the context of the adjustment of global value chains, China has proposed international capacity cooperation. This is based on the current situation of China's "new normal" and the new thinking put forward by the "Belt and Road" strategy, although not a new term, in today's society where emerging economies have become the main driving force for economic development. The international capacity cooperation proposed by China is of new significance. It breaks the pattern of industrial transfer from developed to developing countries. There are 33 developing countries in Latin America. Since China joined the WTO, Sino-Latin American economic and trade cooperation and investment cooperation have developed rapidly. In recent years, Chinese heads of government have frequently visited Latin American countries. This illustrates the importance of Latin America in China's pan-Pacific development strategy and South-South cooperation. China has overcapacity in its equipment manufacturing industry, and a considerable portion of its spare capacity is superior capacity. When the domestic market is relatively saturated, it becomes an inevitable choice to open up foreign markets. Latin American countries have different levels of economic development, most of them have inadequate infrastructure and backward industrial development. China should grasp the demand of industrial system construction of Latin American countries. In line with the demand of economic development in Latin America, the complementarity of Sino-Latin American industrial trade and the difference of development stage lay the foundation for the cooperation of production capacity between the two regions. The necessity of Sino-Latin American production capacity cooperation is explained from three angles of Latin American development and diversified demand for bilateral economic cooperation. In terms of the implementation of production capacity cooperation, the support obtained by Sino-Latin American production cooperation is illustrated from three aspects: industry, policy and capital. Based on the integration of three aspects, this paper further explains the contents of the new mode of China-Latin America cooperation put forward by Premier Li Keqiang. Sino-Latin American production capacity cooperation is a new attempt and new exploration to deepen the economic cooperation between China and Latin America, and it faces many difficulties and challenges. First of all, Judging from the current situation in the manufacturing industry, which is the main area of capacity cooperation, the manufacturing industry is facing a contradiction of excessive growth in quantity and lagging behind in the development of quality. Secondly, the United States, Europe and other countries also regard Latin America as an important region for cooperation. Thirdly, from the perspective of Latin America itself, regional integration develops slowly, each country has a wide gap in development level, and its policies towards China are also different, which makes Sino-Latin American cooperation more difficult. In the process of promoting the international production capacity cooperation, the accumulation of China's experience is still shallow, and the cultural differences between China and Latin America are all the challenges that China and Latin America are facing. In the face of these difficulties and challenges, this paper starts from the political and economic aspects. Cultural three angles for deepening the production capacity cooperation between China and Latin America to provide some suggestions.
【學位授予單位】：對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F125

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