本文選題：“一帶一路”　切入點(diǎn)：開發(fā)性金融機(jī)構(gòu)　出處：《石河子大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略是促進(jìn)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和中國實(shí)現(xiàn)“走出去”的重要渠道。該戰(zhàn)略對我國的意義雖大,但存在很多挑戰(zhàn),特別是在初級階段,交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施是中長期投資項(xiàng)目,資金的籌集成為該戰(zhàn)略順利開展的根本保障。政策性金融以國家信用為基礎(chǔ),因其具有非營利性,出現(xiàn)資金使用效率低下、資源浪費(fèi)的現(xiàn)象;商業(yè)性金融以追求利潤最大化為目標(biāo),而該戰(zhàn)略初期大都是中長期項(xiàng)目,各個(gè)商業(yè)性金融機(jī)構(gòu)不愿意參與;開發(fā)性金融以國家信用為基礎(chǔ),以市場業(yè)績?yōu)橹е?可以實(shí)現(xiàn)政府發(fā)展目標(biāo)、彌補(bǔ)體制落后和市場失靈,同時(shí)其以服務(wù)國家戰(zhàn)略為目標(biāo),在支持“一帶一路”產(chǎn)業(yè)合作中有著獨(dú)特的金融優(yōu)勢和社會(huì)資源優(yōu)勢。本文剖析了市場失靈與政府失靈理論、優(yōu)序融資理論和金融發(fā)展理論,通過分析“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略這個(gè)大背景,并用描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)的方法分析了開發(fā)性金融機(jī)構(gòu)支持鐵路公路的優(yōu)勢和現(xiàn)狀。然后用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度方法分析了國開行貸款支持鐵路和公路行業(yè)的效果,最后為國開行后續(xù)支持鐵路公路行業(yè)提供可行性的意見和建議。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):國開行鐵路貸款占鐵路固定資產(chǎn)投資的比例較大,并與鐵路增長里程呈現(xiàn)較為一致的走勢,說明國開行給予鐵路行業(yè)的支持力度較大;國開行公路貸款占公路建設(shè)投資額的比例略小,且走勢與公路增長里程走勢相似度不高,說明國開行給予公路行業(yè)的支持力度較小。通過灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析可知,國開行鐵路貸款對鐵路行業(yè)的促進(jìn)作用小于國開行公路貸款對公路行業(yè)的促進(jìn)作用。且“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略提出以后,國開行對鐵路和公路的支持效果整體上呈下降趨勢。為更好地推動(dòng)鐵路和公路行業(yè)的發(fā)展,提出以下幾點(diǎn)建議可供參考:(1)國開行應(yīng)該積極配合政府機(jī)構(gòu),制定具體規(guī)劃,改善以往政策性金融資金使用效率低下的狀態(tài),同時(shí)調(diào)整貸款規(guī)模以滿足鐵路公路發(fā)展的需要;(2)國開行在給予鐵路公路行業(yè)貸款支持的過程中,應(yīng)加強(qiáng)資金監(jiān)管,杜絕監(jiān)督的空白,提高資金使用效率;(3)國開行在給予鐵路公路項(xiàng)目貸款支持過程中,簡化手續(xù),提供綠色通道;(4)國開行應(yīng)搭建“一帶一路”重點(diǎn)行業(yè)融資平臺與信用平臺,鼓勵(lì)商業(yè)性金融機(jī)構(gòu)和私人資本參與到該戰(zhàn)略中來;(5)國開行應(yīng)加強(qiáng)與鐵路和公路公司的合作,促進(jìn)各方積極參與,充分發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:The "Belt and Road" strategy is an important channel to promote China's economic growth, optimize its industrial structure, and realize China's "going out". Although this strategy is of great significance to our country, there are many challenges, especially in the initial stage. Transportation infrastructure is a medium and long-term investment project, and the raising of funds becomes the fundamental guarantee for the smooth development of the strategy. The policy-oriented finance is based on the state credit, because of its non-profit nature, the phenomenon of inefficient use of funds and waste of resources occurs. The goal of commercial finance is to maximize profits, and most of the initial stages of the strategy are medium- and long-term projects, and various commercial financial institutions are unwilling to participate. Development finance is based on national credit and is underpinned by market performance. To achieve government development goals, compensate for institutional backwardness and market failures, and aim at serving national strategies, There are unique financial advantages and social resource advantages in supporting Belt and Road's industrial cooperation. This paper analyzes the theories of market failure and government failure, preferential financing theory and financial development theory. By analyzing the background of "Belt and Road" strategy, The advantage and present situation of developing financial institutions supporting railway highway are analyzed by descriptive statistical method, and then the effect of CDB loan supporting railway and highway industry is analyzed by grey correlation method. Finally, it provides some feasible suggestions for CDB to support the railway and highway industry. The study finds that CDB railway loans account for a large proportion of railway fixed assets investment, and show a more consistent trend with railway growth mileage. The result shows that CDB has great support for railway industry, that CDB highway loan accounts for a small proportion of highway construction investment, and that the trend of highway growth mileage is not similar to that of highway growth mileage. This shows that CDB's support to the highway industry is relatively small. Through grey relational analysis, we can see, The promotion effect of CDB railway loan to railway industry is less than that of CDB highway loan to highway industry. And after the "Belt and Road" strategy was put forward, In order to better promote the development of the railway and highway industry, the following suggestions are put forward for reference: 1. The CDB should actively cooperate with government agencies and formulate concrete plans. To improve the inefficient use of policy-oriented financial funds in the past, and to adjust the loan scale to meet the needs of railway and highway development, CDB should strengthen the supervision of funds in the process of lending support to the railway and highway industries. Put an end to the gaps in Supervision and improve the efficiency of the use of funds CDB should simplify procedures and provide green channels in the process of lending support to railway and highway projects. CDB should set up a financing platform and a credit platform for "Belt and Road" key industries. To encourage commercial financial institutions and private capital to participate in the strategy, CDB should strengthen its cooperation with railway and highway companies, promote the active participation of all parties and give full play to its own advantages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832;F512.4

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